This work probes the relevance of oxygen vacancies in the formation of local ferromagnetic coupling between Fe ions at octahedral sites in zinc ferrites. This coupling gives rise to a ferrimagnetic ordering with the Curie temperatures above room temperature in an otherwise antiferromagnetic compound. This conclusion is based on experimental results from x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the $\mathrm{Fe}{\mathrm{L}}_{2,3}$ edges and magnetization measurements performed on zinc ferrites, nanoparticles, and films, with different cation distributions and oxygen vacancy concentrations. Our observations are confirmed by density-functional-theory calculations and indicate that the enhanced ferrimagnetic response observed in some nominally nonmagnetic or antiferromagnetic ferrites can be taken as a further example of the defect-induced magnetism phenomenon.

• Received 20 June 2013
• Revised 20 February 2014

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.104411