Scale invariance (SI) can in principle be realized in the elastic response of solid materials. There are two basic options: that SI is a manifest symmetry or that it is spontaneously broken. The manifest case corresponds physically to the existence of a nontrivial infrared fixed point with phonons among its degrees of freedom. We use simple bottom-up $\mathrm{AdS}/\mathrm{CFT}$ constructions to model this case. We characterize the types of possible elastic response and discuss how the sound speeds can be realistic, that is, sufficiently small compared to the speed of light. We also study the spontaneously broken case using effective field theory (EFT) methods. We present a new one-parameter family of nontrivial EFTs that includes the previously known “conformal solid” as a particular case as well as others which display small sound speeds. We also point out that an emergent Lorentz invariance at low energies could affect by order-one factors the relation between sound speeds and elastic moduli.

• Received 30 November 2019
• Accepted 18 March 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.086005

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Published by the American Physical Society