Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-03T04:16:05.582Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Possibility of Nationalist Feminism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2020

Ranjoo Seodu Herr
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Most Third World feminists consider nationalism as detrimental to feminism. Against this general trend, I argue that “polycentric” nationalism has potentials for advocating feminist causes in the Third World. “Polycentric” nationalism, whose proper goal is the attainment and maintenance of national self-determination, is still relevant in this neocolonial age of capitalist globalization and may serve feminist purposes of promoting the well-being of the majority of Third World women who suffer disproportionately under this system.

Type
Research Article
Information
Hypatia , Volume 18 , Issue 3: Special Issue: Women, Art, and Aesthetics , Fall 2003 , pp. 135 - 160
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 by Hypatia, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adler, Micah. 2000. The efforts of social organizations to combat and reform the civil rights injustices committed by the American military in Korea. Master's thesis. Yonsei University, Seoul, S. Korea. Retrieved 6 November 2001 from the World Wide Web: www.my.netian.com/~wintry.Google Scholar
Alarcon, Norma, Kaplan, Caren, and Moallem, Minoo. 1999. Introduction: Between woman and nation. In Between woman and nation: Nationalism, transnational. feminisms and the state, ed. Kaplan, Caren, Alarcon, Norma, and Moallem, Minoo. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, Benedict. 1991. Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Awatere, Donna. 1984. Maori sovereignty. Auckland, New Zealand: Bradsheet.Google Scholar
Benderly, Jill. 1997. Rape, feminism and nationalism in the war in Yugoslav successor states. In Feminist nationalism, ed. West, Lois A.New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Berlin, Isaiah. 1991. The bent twig. The crooked timber of humanity: Chapters in the history of ideas. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Chinchilla, Norma. 1997. Nationalism, feminism and revolution in Central America. In Feminist nationalism, ed. West, Lois A.New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Choi, Chungmoo. 1995. The minjung culture movement and the construction of popular culture in Korea. In South Korea's minjung movement: The culture and politics of dissidence, ed. Wells, Kenneth. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.Google Scholar
Choi, Soon‐Im. 1998. Establishing the action center for women's unemployment, a shield of the female unemployed from the IMF. Korea Working Women's Network. Retrieved 6 November 2001 from the World Wide Web: http://www.kwwnet.org/english/wwomen/wwl6.Google Scholar
Chossudovsky, Michel. 1997. The IMF Korea bailout. Retrieved 17 April 2000 from the World Wide Web: http://www.kimsoft.com/1997/sk‐imfc.htm.Google Scholar
Crocker, David. 1991. Insiders and outsiders in international development. Ethics & International Affairs 5:149–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crotty, James, and Dymski, Gary. 1998. Can the Korean labor movement defeat the IMF? Dollars and Sense (November/December): 16–20.Google Scholar
Drydyk, Jay, and Penz, Peter, eds. 1997. Global justice, global democracy. Winnipeg, Canada: Society for Socialist Studies/Fernwood Publishing.Google Scholar
East Asia‐U.S. Women's Network Against Militarism & Asia Pacific Center for Justice and Peace. 1998. South Korea. Women redefining security: Reports from two international meetings.Google Scholar
Elson, Diane. 1992. From survival strategies to transformation strategies: Women's needs & structural Adjustment. In Unequal burden: Economic crises, persistent poverty, and women's work, ed. Beneria, Lourdes and Feldman, Shelly. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Enloe, Cynthia. 1989. Bananas, beaches, and bases: Making feminist sense of international politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Fifty Years Is Enough. 1999. Bailouts for bankers, burdens for women. Retrieved 1 November 2001 from the World Wide Web: http://www.50years.org/factsheets/bailouts.html.Google Scholar
Garcia, Alma M. 1997. The development of Chicana feminist discourse. In Feminist nationalism, ed. West, Lois A.New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Gellner, Ernest. 1983. Nations and nationalism. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
George, Susan. 1992. Debt boomerang: How Third World debt harms us all. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Giddens, Anthony. 1990. The consequences of modernity. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Gluck, Sherna Berger. 1997. Shifting sands: The feminist‐nationalist connection in the Palestinian movement. In Feminist nationalism, ed. West, Lois A.New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Grewal, Inderpal, and Kaplan, Caren. 1994. Scattered hegemonies: Postmodernity and transnational feminist practices. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Hall, Stuart. 1992. The new ethnicities. In “Race,” culture, and difference, ed. Donald, James and Rattansi, Ali. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Hall, Stuart. 1995. Fantasy, identity, politics. In Cultural remix: theories of politics and the popular, ed. Carter, Erica, Donald, James, and Squires, Judith. London: Lawrence & Wishart.Google Scholar
Hall, Stuart. 1996. Introduction: Who needs “identity”? In Questions of cultural identity, ed. Hall, Stuart and Du Gay, Paul. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Harvey, David. 1990. The conditions of postmodernity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
Heng, Geraldine. 1997. A great way to fly: Nationalism, the state and the varieties of Third World feminism. In Feminist genealogies, colonial legacies, democratic futures, ed. Jacqui Alexander, M. and Mohanty, Chandra T.New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hobsbawm, Eric. 1990. Nations and nationalism since 1780. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hoogvelt, Ankie. 1997. Globalization and the postcolonial world: The new political economy of development. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Movement Against All Forms of Discrimination and Racism. 2001a. Final judgment on World War II comfort women delayed. Retrieved 1 November from the World Wide Web: http://www.imadr.org/attention/attention.japanl.html.Google Scholar
International Movement Against All Forms of Discrimination and Racism. 2001b. Japan court nixes sex slave funds. Retrieved 1 November from the World Wide Web: http://www.imadr.org/attention/attention.japanl.html.Google Scholar
International Movement Against All Forms of Discrimination and Racism. 2001c. World war II “comfort women” put Japan, Hirohito on trial. Retrieved 1 November from the World Wide Web: http://www.imadr.org/attention/attention.japanl.html.Google Scholar
Jaggar, Alison M. 2002. A feminist critique of the alleged southern debt. Hypatia 17(4): 119–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaimes, M. Annette, with Halsey, Theresa. 1997. American Indian women: At the center of indigenous resistance. In Dangerous liaisons: Gender, nation, and postcolonial perspectives, ed. McClintock, Anne, Mufti, Aamir, and Shohat, Ella. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Jayawardena, Kumary. 1986. Feminism and nationalism in the Third World. London: Zed Books Ltd.Google Scholar
Jeong, Yu Jin. 1996. Pamphlet. Seoul: National campaign for the eradication of crimes by U.S. troops in Korea.Google Scholar
Kang, Man'gil. 1995. Contemporary nationalist movements and the minjung. Trans. Roger Duncan. In South Korea's minjung movement. The culture and politics of dissidence, ed. Wells, Kenneth. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.Google Scholar
Keck, Margaret E., and Sikkink, Kathryn. 1998. Activists beyond borders: Advocacy networks in international politics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kim, Hyun Sook 1998. Yanggongju as an allegory of the nation. In Dangerous women: Gender and Korean nationalism, ed. Kim, Elaine and Choi, Chungmoo. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Kim, Kyung‐Ai. 1996. Nationalism: An advocate of, or a barrier to, feminism in South Korea. Women's Studies International Forum 19(1/2): 65–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kondo, Dorinne. 1999. Fabricating masculinity: Gender, race, and nation in a transnational frame.” In Between woman and nation: Nationalism, transnational feminisms and the state, ed. Kaplan, Caren, Alarcon, Norma, and Moallem, Minoo. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Kymlicka, Will. 1995. Multicultural citizenship: A liberal theory of minority rights. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Kwiatkowski, Lynn, and West, Lois. 1997. Feminist struggles for feminist nationalism in the Philippines. In Feminist nationalism, ed. West, Lois A.New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lee, Heh‐Soon. 1998. Structural adjustment, lay‐off, and labor rights for women. Retrieved 6 November 2001 from the World Wide Web: Korea Working Women's Network: http://www.kwwnet.org/english/wwomen/wwl6.Google Scholar
Lee, Ju‐Huan. 1998: Increasing number of counseling, two times higher. Retrieved 6 November 2001 from the World Wide Web: Korea Working Women's Network: http://www.kwwnet.org/english/wwomen/wwl6.Google Scholar
Liu, Lydia. 1994. The female body and nationalist discourse: The field of life and death revisited. In Scattered hegemonies: Postmodernity and transnational feminist practices, ed. Grewal, Inderpal and Kaplan, Caren. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Louie, Miriam Ching Yoon. 1995. Minjung feminism: Korean women's movement for gender and class liberation. Women's Studies International Forum 18(4): 417–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowe, Lisa. 1991. Heterogeneity, hybridity, multiplicity: Making Asian American difference. Diaspora 1(1): 24–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lugones, Maria. 1990. Hispaneando y lesbiando: On Sarah Hoagland's lesbian ethics. Hypatia 5(3): 138–46.Google Scholar
Margalit, Avishai, and Raz, Joseph. 1990. National self‐determination. Journal of Philosophy 87(9): 447–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayer, Tamar. 2000. From zero to hero: Masculinity in Jewish nationalism. In Gender ironies of nationalism; Sexing the nation, ed. Mayer, Tamar. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
McClintock, Anne. 1995. Imperial leather: Race, gender and sexuality in the colonial contest. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mies, Maria. 1993. The myth of catching‐up development. In Ecofeminism, ed. Mies, Maria and Shiva, Vandana. London: Zed Press.Google Scholar
Miller, David. 1993. In defense of nationality. Journal of Applied Philosophy 10(1): 3–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, David. 1995. On nationality. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mohan, Giles, Brown, Ed, Milward, Bob, and Zack‐Williams, Alfred. 2000. Structural adjustment: Theory, practice and impacts. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. 1991. Introduction: Cartographies of struggle. In Third World feminism and the politics of feminism, ed. Mohanty, Chandra T.Russo, Ann, and Torres, Lourdes. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Moon, Katharine. 1997. Sex among allies: Military in U.S.‐Korea relations. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Moon, Seungsook. 1998. Begetting the nation: The androcentric discourse of national history and tradition in South Korea. In Dangerous women: Gender and Korean nationalism, ed. Kim, Elaine and Choi, Chungmoo. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mostove, Julie. 2000. Sexing the nation/desexing the body: Politics of national identity in the former Yugoslavia. In Gender ironies of nationalism: Sexing the nation, ed. Mayer, Tamar. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Nam, Jeong‐Lim. 2000. Gender politics in the Korean transition to democracy. Korean Studies 24: 94–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Narayan, Uma. 1997. Dislocating cultures: Identities, traditions, and Third World feminism. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
O'Connor, James 1970. The meaning of economic imperialism. In Imperialism and underdevelopment, ed. Rhodes, Robert. New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Rattansi, Alt. 1995. Just framing: Ethnicities and racisms in a “postmodern” framework. In Social postmodernism: Beyond identity politics, ed. Nicholson, Linda and Seidman, Steven. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sachs, Jeffrey. 1997. IMF is a power unto itself. Retrieved 1 November 2001 from the World Wide Web: Financial Times Limited. http://www.stern.nyu.edu/~nroubin/asia/AsiaCrisisSachsViewFT1297.html.Google Scholar
Said, Edward. 1993. Culture and imperialism. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Sandel, Michael. 1982. Liberalism and the limits of justice. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Shaheed, Farida. 1994. Controlled or autonomous: Identity and the experience of the network, women living under Muslim laws. Signs 19(4): 997–1019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shiva, Vandana. 1993. GATT, agriculture and Third World women. In Ecofeminism, ed. Mies, Maria and Shiva, Vandana. London: Zed Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Anthony. 1983. Theories of nationalism. London: Duckworth.Google Scholar
Smith, Anthony. 1986. The ethnic origins of nations. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.Google Scholar
Son, Young‐Ju. 1998. IMF and women works. Retrieved 6 November 2001 from the World Wide Web: Korea Working Women's Network, http://www.kwwnet.org/english/wwomen/wwl4.Google Scholar
Sparr, Pamela. 1994. Mortgaging women's lives: Feminist critiques of structural adjustment. London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Stasiulis, Daiva. 1999. Relational positionalities of nationalisms, racisms, and feminisms. In Between woman and nation: Nationalism, transnational feminisms and the state, ed. Kaplan, Caren, Alarcon, Norma, and Moallem, Minoo. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, Joseph. 2000. What I learned at the world economic crisis. Retrieved 17 April from the World Wide Web: The New Republic. http://www.thenewrepublic.com/041700/stiglitz041700.html.Google Scholar
Tamir, Yael. 1993. Liberal nationalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles. 1989. Sources of the self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles. 1992. Politics of recognition. In Multiculturalism and the “politics of recognition, “ ed. Gutmann, Amy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles. 1997. Nationalism and modernity. In The morality of nationalism, ed. McKim, Robert and McMahan, Jeff. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Totsuka, Etsuro. 1993. Military sexual slavery by Japan and issues in law. In True stories of the Korean comfort women, ed. Howard, Keith. London: Cassell.Google Scholar
Trask, Haunani‐Kay. 1993. Pacific island women and white feminism. In From a native daughter: Colonialism and sovereignty in Hawai'i. Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press.Google Scholar
Trask, Haunani‐Kay. 1997. Feminism and indigenous Hawaiian nationalism. In Feminist nationalism, ed. West, Lois A.New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Walzer, Micheal. 1983. Spheres of justice: A defense of pluralism and equality. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Walzer, Micheal. 1987. Interpretation and social criticism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Walzer, Micheal. 1994. Thick and thin. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watkins, Kevin. 1994. Debt relief for Africa. Review of African Political Economy 62: 117–27.Google Scholar
Wells, Kenneth. 1995. Introduction. In South Korea's miryung movement: The culture and politics of dissidence, ed. Wells, Kenneth. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.Google Scholar
Winant, Howard. 1994. Racial conditions: Politics, theory, comparisons. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, Hyunah. 1998. Re‐membering the Korean military comfort women: Nationalism, sexuality, and silencing. In Dangerous women: Gender and Korean nationalism, ed. Kim, Elaine and Choi, Chungmoo. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Yoon, Bang'Soon. 2001. Democratization and gender politics in South Korea. In Gender, globalization and democratization, ed. Kelly, Rita, Bayes, Jane, Hawkesworth, Mary, & Young, Brigitte. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Yuval‐Davis, Nira. 1997. Gender and nation. London: Sage.Google Scholar