Modeling and estimation of FPN components in CMOS image sensors

Abbas El Gamal; Boyd A. Fowler; Hao Min; Xinqiao Liu

doi:10.1117/12.304560

1 April 1998 Modeling and estimation of FPN components in CMOS image sensors

Abbas El Gamal, Boyd A. Fowler, Hao Min, Xinqiao Liu

Proceedings Volume 3301, Solid State Sensor Arrays: Development and Applications II; (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304560
Event: Photonics West '98 Electronic Imaging, 1998, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Fixed pattern noise (FPN) for a CCD sensor is modeled as a sample of a spatial white noise process. This model is, however, not adequate for characterizing FPN in CMOS sensors, since the redout circuitry of CMOS sensors and CCDs are very different. The paper presents a model for CMOS FPN as the sum of two components: a column and a pixel component. Each component is modeled by a first order isotropic autoregressive random process, and each component. Each component is modeled by a first order isotropic autoregressive random process, and each component is assumed to be uncorrelated with the other. The parameters of the processes characterize each component of the FPN and the correlations between neighboring pixels and neighboring columns for a batch of sensor. We show how to estimate the model parameters from a set of measurements, and report estimates for 64 X 64 passive pixel sensor (PPS) and active pixel sensor (APS) test structures implemented in a 0.35 micron CMOS process. High spatial correlations between pixel components were measured for the PPS structures, and between the column components in both PPS and APS. The APS pixel components were uncorrelated.

Citation Download Citation

Abbas El Gamal, Boyd A. Fowler, Hao Min, and Xinqiao Liu "Modeling and estimation of FPN components in CMOS image sensors", Proc. SPIE 3301, Solid State Sensor Arrays: Development and Applications II, (1 April 1998); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304560

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available