Abstract
We present data of measurements of thermohaline and bio-optical fields in the surface layer of the Kara Sea carried out in September 2012, during the 59th cruise of the R.V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh. Measurements were performed during vessel motion along the expedition route using a pump-through CTD system (temperature and salinity) and UV fluorescent lidar (concentrations of chlorophyll, total suspended matter, and dissolved organic matter) with a high spatial resolution (about 10–100 m). Detailed sea-area distribution maps of the above parameters are presented, frontal zones are detected, T,S diagrams for the surface water layer are constructed, and basic water types are identified. It is shown that Ob–Yenisei freshwater runoff is a main factor affecting properties of the surface layer. In the second part of this paper, a numerical model of the dynamics of continental runoff in the Kara Sea is suggested. Model experiments were carried out under real wind conditions of August–September 2011 (NCAR/NCEP reanalysis); the model was validated on the basis of in situ data collected during the cruise.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
N. A. Aibulatov, P. O. Zavialov, and V. V. Pelevin, “Hydrophysical self-purification of Russian coast of the Black Sea near the river estuaries,” Geoekologiya, No. 4, 301–310 (2008).
A. D. Dobrovol’skii and B. S. Zalogin, The Seas of the Soviet Union: Nature and Economics (Mysl’, Moscow, 1965) [in Russian].
A. G. Zatsepin, P. O. Zavialov, V. V. Kremenetskiy, S. G. Poyarkov, and D. M. Soloviev, “The upper desalinated layer in the Kara Sea,” Oceanology (Engl. Transl.) 50 (5), 657–667 (2010).
A. P. Lisitzin, “Marginal filter of oceans,” Okeanologiya (Moscow) 34 (5), 735–747 (1994).
E. G. Nikiforov and A. O. Shpaikher, Pattern of the Global Changes in Hydrological Regime of the Arctic Ocean (Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1980) [in Russian].
V. V. Pelevin, O. I. Abramov, G. G. Karlsen, et al., “Laser sounding of surface waters of Atlantic and European seas,” Opt. Atmos. Okean. 14 (8), 704–709 (2001).
R. Kistler, E. Kalnay, W. Collins, et al., “The NCEP–NCAR 50-year reanalysis: monthly means CD-ROM and documentation,” Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 82, 247–268 (2001).
W. G. Large, J. C. McWilliams, and S. C. Doney, “Oceanic vertical mixing: a review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization,” Rev. Geophys. 32, 363–403 (1994).
A. A. Osadchiev and P. O. Zavialov, “Lagrangian model of surface-advected river plume,” Cont. Shelf Res. 58, 96–106 (2013).
V. Pavlov and S. Pfirman, “Hydrographic structure and variability of the Kara Sea: implications for pollutant distribution,” Deep Sea Res., Part II 42, 1369–1390 (1995).
J. Smagorinsky, “General circulation experiments with the primitive equation. 1. The basic experiment,” Mon. Weather Rev. 91, 99–165 (1963).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © P.O. Zavialov, A.S. Izhitskiy, A.A. Osadchiev, V.V. Pelevin, A.B. Grabovskiy, 2015, published in Okeanologiya, 2015, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 514–525.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zavialov, P.O., Izhitskiy, A.S., Osadchiev, A.A. et al. The structure of thermohaline and bio-optical fields in the surface layer of the Kara Sea in September 2011. Oceanology 55, 461–471 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437015040177
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437015040177