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The mitochondrion as Janus Bifrons

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Abstract

The signaling function of mitochondria is considered with a special emphasis on their role in the regulation of redox status of the cell, possibly determining a number of pathologies including cancer and aging. The review summarizes the transport role of mitochondria in energy supply to all cellular compartments (mitochondria as an electric cable in the cell), the role of mitochondria in plastic metabolism of the cell including synthesis of heme, steroids, iron-sulfur clusters, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Mitochondria also play an important role in the Ca2+-signaling and the regulation of apoptotic cell death. Knowledge of mechanisms responsible for apoptotic cell death is important for the strategy for prevention of unwanted degradation of postmitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes and neurons.

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Abbreviations

mDNA:

mitochondrial DNA

RNS:

reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

VDAC:

voltage dependent anion channel

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia

    D. B. Zorov, N. K. Isaev, E. Yu. Plotnikov, L. D. Zorova, E. V. Stelmashook, A. K. Vasileva, A. A. Arkhangelskaya & T. G. Khrjapenkova

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  1. D. B. Zorov
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  2. N. K. Isaev
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  3. E. Yu. Plotnikov
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  4. L. D. Zorova
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  5. E. V. Stelmashook
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  7. A. A. Arkhangelskaya
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Original Russian Text © D. B. Zorov, N. K. Isaev, E. Yu. Plotnikov, L. D. Zorova, E. V. Stelmashook, A. K. Vasileva, A. A. Arkhangelskaya, T. G. Khrjapenkova, 2007, published in Biokhimiya, 2007, Vol. 72, No. 10, pp. 1371–1384.

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Zorov, D.B., Isaev, N.K., Plotnikov, E.Y. et al. The mitochondrion as Janus Bifrons. Biochemistry Moscow 72, 1115–1126 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297907100094

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