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Psychophysiological Mechanisms of the Initial Stage of Learning to Read. Part I

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Abstract—

The study of reading mechanisms is an urgent multidisciplinary fundamental scientific problem. Several reviews on the psychophysiology of reading have been published in Russian in recent years, but the current scientific data on the mechanisms of reading skill acquisition remain weakly represented, especially in relation to its initial stages. This review presents a synthesis of the data accumulated in cognitive psychology and psychophysiology on the mechanisms of the initial stage of reading mastery. A conceptual analysis of existing experimental data and theoretical approaches is attempted. Existing theories of shaping the cerebral subsystems for the letter and non-letter symbol processing are discussed. The stages of skill formation, beginning with the pre-writing stage and the development of metalanguage prerequisites, are examined; the nature and mechanisms of establishing sound-letter associations, the brain mechanisms of selectivity and invariance of letter recognition depending on learning experience are discussed. This review includes predominantly methodologically uniform psychophysiological studies of the structural and functional support of reading: ERP-, fMRI- and MEG-studies involving children aged 4–10 years.

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Notes

  1. Allographs—the variants of spelling the same grapheme (written, printed, lower-case, upper-case, etc.).

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Funding

The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 20-113-50 340).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health Care of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia

    E. I. Galperina, Jh. V. Nagornova, N. V. Shemyakina & A. N. Kornev

  2. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, Russia

    E. I. Galperina, Jh. V. Nagornova & N. V. Shemyakina

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  1. E. I. Galperina
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  2. Jh. V. Nagornova
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  3. N. V. Shemyakina
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  4. A. N. Kornev
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Translated by E. V. Makeeva

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Galperina, E.I., Nagornova, J.V., Shemyakina, N.V. et al. Psychophysiological Mechanisms of the Initial Stage of Learning to Read. Part I. Hum Physiol 48, 194–206 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119722020074

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