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Thermal Stability of Carbohydrides Obtained by the High-Energy Ball Milling of Titanium in a Toluene Medium

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Abstract

We obtain titanium carbohydrides by the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) of titanium in a planetary ball mill in toluene. Depending on the duration of HEBM, face-centered cubic (FCC) and hexagonal close packed (HCP) carbohydrides with different carbon and hydrogen contents are obtained. The structural-phase state and the thermal stability of the solid phase of the reaction mixture, during successive stages of mechanosynthesis, are investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal desorption, and scanning electron microscopy. At short milling times (50 min), the endothermic peak appears at a temperature of 430°C due to the α → β phase transformation in Ti in the presence of hydrogen. Hydrogen stabilizes β-Ti, reducing its formation temperature to 300°C. The exothermic peak, at about 530°C, corresponds to the deformation-energy release of the crushed Ti powder. Processing in the planetary mill for 5 h leads to the formation of an α-Ti (HCP) and Ti carbohydride (HCP and FCC) mixture. We state that for the HCP carbohydrides, a higher hydrogen desorption temperature is observed as compared to the FCC carbohydrides. The correlation of the thermal desorption peaks and the differential scanning calorimetry curves is discussed. We make assumptions concerning the mechanisms of the thermally stimulated structural-phase transformations of the carbohydrides.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to D.G. Kalyuzhny for obtaining the TDS data for the ground powders.

The studies were carried out using equipment of the Center for physical and physicalchemical methods of analysis, research of the properties and characteristics of surfaces, nanostructures, materials and products, Udmurt Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.

Funding

The work is performed within research and development program no. 121030100001-3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Udmurt Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 426067, Izhevsk, Russia

    V. V. Aksenova, I. N. Burnyshev, B. E. Pushkarev & V. I. Ladyanov

  2. Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, 426069, Izhevsk, Russia

    O. M. Kanunnikova

Authors
  1. V. V. Aksenova
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  2. O. M. Kanunnikova
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  3. I. N. Burnyshev
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  4. B. E. Pushkarev
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  5. V. I. Ladyanov
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. V. Aksenova.

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Translated by I. Dikhter

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Aksenova, V.V., Kanunnikova, O.M., Burnyshev, I.N. et al. Thermal Stability of Carbohydrides Obtained by the High-Energy Ball Milling of Titanium in a Toluene Medium. J. Surf. Investig. 16, 68–72 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451022010025

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