Abstract
This review is devoted to the principles, state of the art, and problems of grazing-incidence optics for focusing soft X-ray radiation, which is used in telescopes at orbital stations. The possibilities of constructing light X-ray telescopes with a large effective data-collection area and good angular resolution, which are based on Kirkpatrick–Baez, Wolter, and “lobster eye” optics, are considered. Special attention is paid to the description of methods for optimizing the parameters for the production of X-ray optics and X-ray mirrors.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Trumper, I., Hallibert, P., Arenberg, J.W., Kunieda, H., Guyon, O., Stahl, H.P., and Kim, D.W., Adv. Opt. Photonics, 2018, vol. 10, p. 644. https://doi.org/10.1364/AOP.10.000644
Michette, A.G., Optical Systems for Soft X Rays, New York: Plenum, 1986.
Marshall, F.J., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2012, vol. 83, p. E518. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4734037
Dyson, J., Proc. Phys. Soc., London, Sect. B, 1952, vol. 65, p. 580.
Hignette, O., Rostaing, G., Cloetens, P., Rommeveaux, A., Ludwig, W., and Freund, A.K., Proc. SPIE, 2001, vol. 4499, p. 105. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.450227
Aschenbach, B., Rep. Prog. Phys., 1985, vol. 48, p. 579.
Suzuki, Y. and Uchida, F., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1992, vol. 63, p. 578. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/463/1/012019
Kirkpatric, P. and Baez, A.V., J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1948, vol. 38, p. 766.
Mimura, H., Matsuyama, S., Yumoto, H., Hara, H., Yamamura, K., Sano, Y., Shibahara, M., Endo, K., Mori, Y., Nishino, Y., Tamasaku, K., Yabashi, M., Ishikawa, T., and Yamauchi, K., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 2005, vol. 44, p. 539. https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.44.L539
Abbe, E., Jena. Z. Med. Naturwiss., 1878, p. 129.
Wolter, H., Ann. Phys. B, 1952, no. 10, p. 94.
Lemaitre, G.R., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 701110. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.787798
Wilkins, S., Stevenson, A., Nugen, K.T., Chapman, H., and Steenstrup, S., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1989, vol. 60, p. 1026. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1140312
Chapman, H.N., Nugent, K.A., and Wilkins, S.W., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1991, vol. 62, p. 1542. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.34835
Fraser, G.W., Lees, J.E., Pearson, J.F., Sims, M.R., and Roxburgh, K., Proc. SPIE, 1992, vol. 1546, p. 41. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.51224
Kaaret, P., Geissbuhler, P., Chen, A., and Glavinas, E., Appl. Opt., 1992, vol. 31, p. 7339. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.31.007339
Priedhorsky, W.C., Peele, A.G., and Nugene, K.A., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 1996, vol. 279, p. 733. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/279.3.733
Fraser, G.W., Brunton, A.N., Bannister, N.P., Pearson, J.F., Ward, M., Stevenson, T.J., Watson, D.J., Warwick, B., Whitehead, S., O’Brian, P., White, N., Jahoda, K., Black, K., Hunter, S.D., Deines-Jones, P., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2002, vol. 4497, p. 115. https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.200310067
Spiga, D., PhD Thesis, Milano: Univ. deli Studi Milano Bicocca, 2005. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.34002.81602
van Speybroeck, L.P. and Chase, R.C., Appl. Opt., 1972, vol. 11, p. 440. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.11.000440
O’Dell, S.L., Brissenden, R.J., Davis, W.N., Elsner, R.F., Elvis, M.S., Freeman, M.D., Gaetz, T., Gorenstein, P., Gubarev, M.V., Jerius, D., Juda, M., Kolodziejczak, J.J., Murray, S.S., Petre, R., Podgorski, W., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2010, vol. 7803, p. 78030H. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.862315
Spiga, D., Proc. SPIE, 2007, vol. 6688, p. 66880K. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734854
Wille, E. and Bavdaz, M., Acta Astronaut., 2015, vol. 116, p. 50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.06.011
Saha, T.T., McClelland, R.S., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9144, p. 914418. https://doi.org/10.3788/COL201513.111101
Spiga, D., Astron. Astrophys., 2011, vol. 529, p. A18. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201116430
Saha, T.T., Proc. SPIE, 1986, vol. 640, p. 10. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.964352
Saha, T.T., Appl. Opt., 1987, vol. 26, p. 658. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.26.000658
Saha, T.T., Appl. Opt., 1988, vol. 27, p. 1492. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.942190
Cash, W., Shealy, D.L., and Underwood, J., Proc. SPIE, 1979, vol. 184, p. 228. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.957455
Turner, M.J.L., Abbey, A., Arnaud, M., Balasini, M., Barbera, M., Belsole, E., Bennie, P.J., Bernard, J.P., Bignami, G.F., Boer, M., Briel, U., Butler, I., Cara, C., Chabaud, C., Cole, R., et al., Astron. Astrophys., 2001, vol. 365, p. L27. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20000087
Schwarzschild, K., Abh. Wiss. Göttingen B, 1905, vol. 4, no. 2.
Wolter, H., Ann. Phys., 1952, vol. 10, p. 286.
Chase, R.C. and van Speybroeck, L.P., Appl. Opt., 1973, vol. 12, p. 1042. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.12.001042
Nariai, K., Appl. Opt., 1987, vol. 26, p. 4428. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.26.004428
Nariai, K., Appl. Opt., 1988, vol. 27, p. 345. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.27.000345
Harvey, J.E. and Thompson, P.L., Proc. SPIE, 1999, vol. 3766, p. 173. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363634
Werner, W., Appl. Opt., 1977, vol. 16, p. 764. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.16.000764
Burrows, C.J., Burg, R., and Giacconi, R., Astrophys. J., 1992, vol. 392, p. 760. https://doi.org/10.1086/171479
Conconi, P. and Campana, S., Astron. Astrophys., 2001, vol. 372, p. 1088. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20010584
Conconi, P., Campana, S., Tagliaferri, G., Pareschi, G., Citterio, O., Cotroneo, V., Proserpio, L., and Civitani, M., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 2010, vol. 405, p. 877. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16513.x
Elsner, R.F., O’Dell, S.L., Ramsey, B.D., and Weisskopf, M.C., Proc. SPIE, 2010, vol. 7732, p. 77322L. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856420
Petre, R. and Serlemitsos, P.J., Appl. Opt., 1985, vol. 24, p. 1833. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.24.001833
Koglin, J., Chen, C.M.H., Chonko, J.C., Christensen, F., Craig, W., Decker, T.R., Hailey, C., Harrison, F., Jensen, C., Madsen, K., Pivovaroff, M., Stern, M., Windt, D., and Ziegler, E., Proc. SPIE, 2004, vol. 5488, p. 856867. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552470
Chen, S., Ma, S., and Wang, Z.-S., Chin. Opt. Lett., 2016, vol. 14, p. 123401. https://doi.org/10.3788/COL201614.123401
Liao, Y., Shen, Z., and Wang, Z.-S., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2019, vol. 5, p. 014004. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.5.1.014004
DeRoo, C.T., Allured, R., Cotroneo, V., Hertz, E., Marquez, V., Reid, P.B., Schwartz, E.D., Vikhlinin, A.A., Trolier-Mckinstry, S., Walker, J., Jackson, T.N., Liu, T., and Tendulkar, M., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2018, vol. 4, p. 019004. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2275210
Windt, D.L. and Conley, R., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9603, p. 96031H. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188135
Gaskin, J., Weisskopf, M., Vikhlinin, A., Tananbaum, H., Bandler, S., Bautz, M., Burrows, D., Falcone, A., Harrison, F., Heilmann, R., Heinz, S., Hopkins, R., Kilbourne, C., Kouveliotou, C., Kraft, R., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9601, p. 96010J. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2190837
Kilaru, K., Ramsey, B.D., and Atkins, C., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103991F. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2275503
Civitani, M., Ghigo, M., Hołyszko, J., Vecchi, G., and Basso, S., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9905, p. 990578. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233821
Yamada, J., Matsuyama, S., Sano, Y., and Yamauchi, K., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2015, vol. 86, p. 093103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4929323
Chalifoux, B.D., Heilmann, R.K., and Schattenburg, M.L., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9144, p. 91444. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2056512
Chalifoux, B.D., Yao, Y., Woller, K.B., Heilmann, R.K., and Schattenburg, M.L., Opt. Express, 2019, vol. 27, p. 11182. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.011182
Reid, P.B., Aldcroft, T.L., Allured, R., Cotroneo, V., Johnson-Wilke, R.L., Marquez, V., McMuldroch, S., O’Dell, S.L., Ramsey, B.D., Schwartz, D.A., Trolier-McKinstry, S.E., Vikhlinin, A.A., Wilke, R.H.T., and Zhao, R., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9208, p. 920807. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026429
Safronov, A.G., Proc. SPIE, 1996, vol. 2774, p. 494. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.246729
O'Dell, S.L., Aldcroft, T.L., Atkins, C., Button, T.W., Cotroneo, V., Davis, W.N., Doel, P., Feldman, C.H., Freeman, M.D., Gubarev, M.V., Johnson-Wilke, R.L., Kolodziejczak, J.J., Lillie, C.F., Michette, A.G., Ramsey, B.D., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2012, vol. 8503, p. 50307. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.930090
Elvis, M., Brissenden, R.J., Fabbiano, G., Schwartz, D.A., Reid, P., Podgorski, W., Eisenhower, M., Juda, M., Phillips, J., Cohen, L., and Wolk, S., Proc. SPIE, 2006, vol. 6266, p. 62661K. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672072
Feldman, C., Willingale, R., Atkins, C., Wang, H., Doel, P., Brooks, D., Thompson, S., Button, T., Zhang, D., Rodriguez Sanmartin, D., James, A., and Theobald, C., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 70110Y. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788759
Reid, P.B., Murray, S.S., Trolier-McKinstry, S., Freeman, M., Juda, M., Podgorski, W., Ramsey, B., and Schwartz, D., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 70110V. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789371
SMART-X Collab., Vikhlinin, A., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2012, vol. 8443, p. 844316. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926851
Cotroneo, V., Davis, W., Marquez, V., Reid, P., Schwartz, D., Johnson-Wilke, R., Trolier-McKinstry, S., and Wilke, R., Proc. SPIE, 2012, vol. 8503, p. 850309. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.931228
Lillie, C.F., Cavaco, J.L., Brooks, A.D., Ezzo, K., Pearson, D.D., and Wellman, J.A., Proc. SPIE, 2013, vol. 8777, p. 877717. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.958953
Schwartz, D.A., Allured, R., Bookbinder, J.A., Cotroneo, V., Forman, W.R., Freeman, M.D., McMuldroch, S., Reid, P.B., Tananbaum, H., Vikhlinin, A.A., Johnson-Wilke, R.L., Trolier- McKinstry, S.E., Wilke, R.H.T., Jackson, T.N., Ramirez, J.I., Gubarev, M.V., Kolodziejczak, J.J., O’Dell, S.L., and Ramsey, B.D., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9208, p. 920806. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2063469
Ulmer, M.P., Wang, X., Cao, J., Graham, M.E., and Vaynman, S., Proc. SPIE, 2013, vol. 8861, p. 88611R. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024217
Ulmer, M.P., Wang, X., Knapp, P., Cao, J., Cao, Y., Karian, T., Grogans, S., Graham, M.E., Vaynman, S., and Yao, Y., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9208, p. 920808. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062008
Ulmer, M.P., Coppejans, R., Buchholz, D.B., Cao, J., Wang, X., Mercado, A.M., Qian, J., Assoufid, L., O’Donnell, A.E., Condron, K.S., and Harpt, B.E., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103991N. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2274210
Wang, X., Knapp, P., Vaynman, S., Graham, M.E., Cao, J., and Ulmer, M.P., Appl. Opt., 2014, vol. 53, p. 6256. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.006256
Wang, X., Yao, Y., Cao, J., Vaynman, S., Graham, M.E., Liu, T., and Ulmer, M.P., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9603, p. 96031O. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2187070
Probst, A.-C., Döhring, T., Stollenwerk, M., Wen, M., and Proserpio, L., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 10562, p. 105621E. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2296167
Chan, K.-W., Sharpeb, M., Zhang, W., Kolos, L., Hong, M., McClelland, R., Hohl, B.R., Saha, T., and Mazzarell, J., Proc. SPIE, 2013, vol. 8861, p. 88610X. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2022444
Döhring, T., Probst, A.-C., Emmerich, F., Stollenwerk, M., Stehliková, V., Friedrich, P., and Damm, C., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103991C. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2273988
Probst, A.-C., Begou, T., Döhring, T., Zeising, S., Stollenwerk, M., Stadtmüller, J., Emmerich, F., and Lumeau, J., Appl. Opt., 2018, vol. 57, p. 8775. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.57.008775
Yao, Y., Wang, X., Cao, J., and Ulmer, M., Opt. Express, 2015, vol. 23, p. 28605. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.028605
Yao, Y., Chalifoux, B.D., Heilmann, R.K., and Schattenburg, M.L., Opt. Express, 2019, vol. 27, p. 1010. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.001010
Yao, Y., Chalifoux, B.D., Heilmann, R.K., Chan, K.-W., Mori, H., Okajima, T., Zhang, W.W., and Schattenburg, M.L., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2019, vol. 5, p. 021011. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.5.2.021011
Spiga, D., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9603, p. 96030H. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2185414
Moran, E.C. and Harvey, J.E., Appl. Opt., 1988, vol. 27, p. 1486. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.27.001486
de Chambure, D., Laine, R., van Katwijk, K., Ruehe, W., Schink, D., Hoelzle, E., Gutierrez, Y., Domingo, M., Ibarretxe, I., Tock, J.P., Domken, I., Stockman, Y., Houbrecht, Y., Hansen, H., and Aschenbach, B., Proc. SPIE, 1999, vol. 3737, p. 396. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.360034
Aschenbach, B., Proc. SPIE, 2002, vol. 4496, p. 8. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454367
Cusumano, G., Artale, M.A., Mineo, T., Teresi, V., Pareschi, G., and Cotroneo, V., Proc. SPIE, 2007, vol. 6688, p. 66880C. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.732304
Serlemitsos, P.J., Soong, Y., Chan, K.-W., Okajima, T., Lehan, J.P., Maeda, Y., Itoh, K., Mori, H., Iizuka, R., Itoh, A., Inoue, H., Okada, S., Yokoyama, Y., Itoh, Y., Ebara, M., et al., Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn., 2007, vol. 59, p. S9. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.S9
Perinati, E., Mineo, T., Cusumano, G., Piro, L., Pareschi, G., and Barbera, M., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 701139. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.787909
Wille, E., Bavdaz, M., Fransen, S., Collon, M., Ackermann, M., Guenther, R., Vacanti, G., van Baren, C., Haneveld, J., Olde Riekerink, M., Koelewijn, A., Kampf, D., Zuknik, K.-H., and Reutlinger, A., Proc. SPIE, 2013, vol. 8861, p. 88611E. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024064
Madsen, K.K., Christensen, F.E., Craig, W.W., Forster, K.W., Grefenstette, B.W., Harrison, F.A., Miyasaka, H., and Rana, V., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2017, vol. 3, p. 044003. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.3.4.044003
Zhang, W.W., Allgood, K.D., Biskach, M.P., Chan, K.-W., Hlinka, M., Kearney, J.D., Mazzarella, J.R., McClelland, R.S., Numata, A., Riveros, R.E., Saha, T.T., and Solly, P.M., Proc. SPIE, 2018, vol. 10699, p. 106990O. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312879
Giacconi, R., Branduardi, G., Briel, U., Epstein, A., Fabricant, D., Feigelson, E., Forman, W., Gorenstein, P., Grindlay, J., Gursky, H., Harnden, F.R., Jr., Henry, J.P., Jones, C., Kellogg, E., Koch, D., et al., Astrophys. J., 1979, vol. 230, p. 540. https://doi.org/10.1086/157110
de Korte, P.A.J., Bleeker, J.A.M., den Boggende, A.J.F., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Brinkman, A.C., Culhane, J.L., Gronenschild, E.H.B.M., Mason, I., and McKechniel, S.P., Space Sci. Rev., 1981, vol. 30, p. 495. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01246070
de Korte, P.A.J., Giralt, R., Coste, J.N., Ernu, C., Frindel, S., Flamand, J., and Contet, J.J., Appl. Opt., 1981, vol. 20, p. 1080. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.20.001080
Aschenbach, B., Appl. Opt., 1988, vol. 27, p. 1404. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.942176
Weisskopf, M.C., Brinkman, B., and Canizares, C., Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., 2002, vol. 114, p. 1. https://doi.org/10.1086/338108
Weisskopf, M.C., Opt. Eng., 2012, vol. 51, p. 011013. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.51.1.011013
Schwartz, D.A., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2014, vol. 85, p. 061101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4881695
de Chambure, D., Lainé, R., van Katwijk, K., and Kletzkine, P., ESA Bull., 1999, vol. 100, p. 30.
Lumb, D.H., Schartel, N., and Jansen, F.A., Opt. Eng., 2012, vol. 51, p. 011009. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.51.1.011009
Citterio, O., Campana, S., Conconi, P., Ghigo, M., Mazzoleni, F., Poretti, E., Conti, G., Cusumano, G., Sacco, B., Braeuninger, H.W., Burkert, W., Egger, R., Castelli, C.M., and Willingale, R., Proc. SPIE, 1996, vol. 2805, p. 56. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.245112
Burrows, D.N., Hill, J.E., Nousek, J.A., Kennea, J.A., Wells, A., Osborne, J.P., Abbey, A.F., Beardmore, A., Mukerjee, K., Short, A.D.T., Chincarini, G., Campana, S., Citterio, O., Moretti, A., Pagani, C., et al., Space Sci. Rev., 2005, vol. 120, p. 165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-005-5097-2
Predehl, P., Hasinger, G., Böhringer, H., Briel, U., Brunner, H., Churazov, E., Freyberg, M., Friedrich, P., Kendziorra, E., Lutz, D., Meidinger, N., Pavlinsky, M., Pfeffermann, E., Santangelo, A., Schmitt, J., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2006, vol. 6266, p. 62660P. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.670249
Friedrich, P., Bräuninger, H., Budau, B., Burkert, W., Eder, J., Freyberg, M.J., Hartner, G., Mühlegger, M., Predehl, P., Erhard, M., Gutruf, S., Jugler, D., Kampf, D., Borghi, G., Citterio, O., Rossi, M., Valsecchi, G., Vernani, D., and Zimmermann, M., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 70112T. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.78894
Butler, R.C. and Scarsi, L., Proc. SPIE, 1990, vol. 1344, p. 464. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3454-5_17
Piro, L., Nuovo Cimento C, 1993, vol. 16, p. 691. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02507866
Inoue, H., Exp. Astron., 1993, vol. 4, p. 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01581810
Serlemitsos, P.J., Jalota, L., Soong, Y., Kunieda, H., Tawara, Y., Tsusaka, Y., Suzuki, H., Sakima, Y., Yamazaki, T., Yoshioka, H., Furuzawa, A., Yamashita, K., Awaki, H., Itoh, M., Ogasaka, Y., Honda, H., and Uchibori, Y., Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn., 1995, vol. 47, p. 105.
Kuster, M., Bräuninger, H., Cebrián, S., Davenport, M., Eleftheriadis, C., Englhauser, J., Fischer, H., Franz, J., Friedrich, P., Hartmann, R., Heinsius, F.H., Hoffmann, D.H.H., Hoffmeister, G., Joux, J.N., Kang, D., et al., New J. Phys., 2007, vol. 9, p. 169. https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/6/169
Mitsuda, K., Bautz, M., Inoue, H., Kelley, R.L., Koyama, K., Kunieda, H., Makishima, K., Ogawara, Y., Petre, R., Takahashi, T., Tsunemi, H., White, N.E., Anabuki, N., Angelini, L., Arnaud, K., et al., Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn., 2007, vol. 59, p. S1. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.S1
Ogasaka, Y., Kunieda, H., Miyazawa, T., Serlemitsos, P., Soong, Y., Okajima, T., Maeda, Y., Mori, H., Ishida, M., Awaki, H., Furuzawa, A., Namba, Y., Uesugi, K., Suzuki, Y., Haba, Y., Tamura, K., Tsunemi, H., Yamashita, K., and Itoh, M., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 70110P. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788736
Awaki, H., Ogi, K., Okajima, T., Serlemitsos, P.J., Soong, Y., Chan, K.-W., Ogasaka, Y., Miyazawa, T., Furuzawa, A., Kunieda, H., Tawara, Y., Ishida, M., Maeda, Y., Mori, H., and Tamura, K., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 70112Q. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788788
Krucker, S., Christe, S., Glesener, L., McBride, S., Turin, P., Glaser, D., Saint-Hilaire, P., Delory, G., Lin, R.P., Gubarev, M., Ramsey, B., Terada, Y., Ishikawa, S., Kokubun, M., Saito, S., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2011, vol. 8147, p. 814705. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024277
Singh, K.P., Tandon, S.N., Agrawal, P.C., Antia, H.M., Manchanda, R.K., Yadav, J.S., Seetha, S., Ramadevi, M.C., Rao, A.R., Bhattacharya, D., Paul, B., Sreekumar, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Stewart, G.C., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9144, p. 1441S. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062667
Singh, K., Stewart, G., Westergaard, N.J.S., Bhattacharayya, S., Chandra, S., Chitnis, V., Dewangan, G., Kothare, A., Mirza, I., Mukerjee, K., Navalkar, V., Shah, N.H., Abbey, A., Beardmore, A., Kotak, S., et al., J. Astrophys. Astron., 2017, vol. 38, p. 29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-017-9448-7
Takahashi, T., Kokubun, M., Mitsuda, K., Kelley, R.L., Ohashi, T., Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Anabuki, N., Angelini, L., Arnaud, K., Asai, M., Audard, M., Awaki, H., et al., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2018, vol. 4, p. 021402. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021402
Matsumoto, H., Awaki, H., Ishida, M., Furuzawa, A., Yamauchi, S., Maeda, Y., Mitsuishi, I., Haba, Y., Hayashi, T., Iizuka, R., Ishibashi, K., Itoh, M., Kunieda, H., Miyazawa, T., Mori, H., Okajima, T., Sugita, S., Tamura, K., and Tawara, Y., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2018, vol. 4, p. 011212. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.4.1.011212
Podgorski, W.A., Content, D.A., Glenn, P.E., Hair, J.H., Petre, R., Saha, T.T., Schattenburg, M.L., Stewart, J., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2003, vol. 4851, p. 419. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461328
Reid, P.B., Cameron, R.A., Cohen, L., Elvis, M., Gorenstein, P., Jerius, D., Petre, R., Podgorski, W.A., Schwartz, D.A., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2004, vol. 5488, p. 325. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552861
Zhang, W.W., Bolognese, J., Chan, K.W., Content, D.A., Hadjimichael, T.J., He, C., Hong, M., Lehan, J.P., Mazzarella, J.M., Nguyen, D.T., Olsen, L., Owens, S.M., Petre, R., Saha, T.T., Sharpe, M., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 01103. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788453
Gubarev, M., Ramsey, B., O’Dell, S.L., Elsner, R., Kilaru, K., McCracken, J., Pavlinsky, M., Tkachenko, A., Lapshov, I., Atkins, C., and Zavlin, V., Proc. SPIE, 2013, vol. 8861, p. 88610K. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2027141
Pavlinsky, M., Akimov, V., Levin, V., Krivchenko, A., Rotin, A., Kuznetsova, M., Lapshov, I., Tkachenko, A., Semena, N., Buntov, M., Glushenko, A., Arefiev, V., Yaskovich, A., Grebenev, S., Sazonov, S., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9905, p. 99051J. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230974
Zhang, W.W., Bolognese, J., Byron, G., Chan, K.W., Content, D.A., Hadjimichael, T.J., Hewitt, C., Hill, M.D., Hong, M., Lehan, J.P., Lozipone, L., Mazzarella, J.M., McClelland, R., Nguyen, D.T., Olsen, L., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2009, vol. 7360, p. 73600J. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.833544
White, N.E., Parmar, A., Kunieda, H., Nandra, K., Ohashi, T., and Bookbinder, J., AIP Conf. Proc., 2010, vol. 1248, p. 561. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3475340
Smith, R.K., Abraham, M., Allured, R., Bautz, M., Bookbinder, J., Bregman, J., Brenneman, L., Brickhouse, N.S., Burrows, D., Burwitz, V., Cheimets, P.N., Costantini, E., Dawson, S., DeRoo, C., Falcone, A., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10397, p. 103970Q. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2272818
McClelland, R.S., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 1039908. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2272580
Saha, T.T., Zhang, W., and McClelland, R., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103990I. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2273803
Mushotzky, R., Proc. SPIE, 2018, vol. 10699, p. 1069929. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2310003
Collon, M., Vacanti, G., Barrière, N., Landgraf, B., Günther, R., Vervest, M., van der Hoeven, R., Dekker, D., Chatbi, A., Girou, D., Sforzini, J., Beijersbergen, M., Bavdaz, M., Wille, E., Fransen, S., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103990C. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2273704
Bavdaz, M., Wille, E., Ayre, M., Ferreira, I., Shortt, B., Fransen, S., Collon, M., Vacanti, G., Barriere, N., Landgraf, B., Haneveld, J., van Baren, C., Zuknik, K.-H., Ferreira, D.D.M., Massahi, S., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103990B. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2274776
Gaskin, J., Özel, F., and Vikhlinin, A., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9904, p. 99040N. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2240459
The MiXO Team, Hong, J., Romaine, S., et al., Earth, Planets Space, 2016, vol. 68, p. 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-016-0409-1
Proserpio, L., Campana, S., Citterio, O., Civitani, M., Combrinck, H., Conconi, P., Cotroneo, V., Freeman, R., Langstrof, P., Mattaini, E., Morton, R., Oberle, B., Pareschi, G., Parodi, G., Pels, C., Schenk, C., Stock, R., and Tagliaferri, G., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10565, p. 105652N. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857418
Gaskin, J., Allure, R., Bandler, S.R., Basso, S., Bautz, M.W., Baysinger, M.F., Biskach, M.P., Boswell, T.M., Capizzo, P.D., Civitani, M.M., Cohen, L.M., Cotroneo, V., Davis, J.M., DeRoo, C.T., DiPirro, M.J., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10397, p. 103970S. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2273911
Gaskin, J.A., Dominguez, A., Gelmis, K., Mulqueen, J., Swartz, D., McCarley, K., Özel, F., Vikhlinin, A., Schwartz, D., Tananbaum, H., Blackwood, G., Arenberg, J., Purcell, W., and Allen, L., Proc. SPIE, 2018, vol. 10699, p. 106990N. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314149
Falcone, A.D., Kraft, R.P., Bautz, M.W., Gaskin, J.A., Mulqueen, J.A., and Swartz, D.A., Proc. SPIE, 2018, vol. 10699, p. 1069912. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314149
Cameron, R.A., Bautz, M.W., Brissenden, R.J., Elvis, M.S., Fabbiano, G., Figueroa- Feliciano, E., Gorenstein, P., Petre, R., Reid, P.B., Schwarte, D.S., White, N.E., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2004, vol. 5488, p. 572. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552641
Raimondi, L. and Spiga, D., Astron. Astrophys., 2015, vol. 573, p. A22. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424907
O’Dell, S.L., Elsner, R.F., and Oosterbroek, T., Proc. SPIE, 2010, vol. 7732, p. 77322V. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.858223
Toropov, M.N., Akhsakhalyan, A.A., Zorina, M.V., Salashchenko, N.N., Chkhalo, N.I., and Tokunov, Yu.M., Tech. Phys., 2020, vol. 65, no. 11, p. 1873. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063784220110262
Chkhalo, N.I., Malyshev, I.V., Pestov, A.E., Pol-kovnikov, V.N., Salashchenko, N.N., and Toropov, M.N., Usp. Fiz. Nauk, 2020, vol. 190, p. 74. https://doi.org/10.3367/UFNe.2019.05.038601
Aschenbach, B., Briel, U.G., Haberl, F., Braeuninger, H.W., Burkert, W., Oppitz, A., Gondoin, P., and Lumb, D.H., Proc. SPIE, 2000, vol. 4012, p. 73. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391615
Ramsey, B.D., Exp. Astron., 2005, vol. 20, p. 85. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391615
Gubarev, M., Ramsey, B., O’Dell, S.L., Elsner, R., Kilaru, K., McCracken, J., Pavlinsky, M., Tkachenko, A., and Lapshov, I., Proc. SPIE, 2012, vol. 8443, p. 84431U. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926207
Gubarev, M., Kolodziejczak, J.K., Griffith, C., Roche, J., Smith, W.S., Kester, T., Atkins, C., Arnold, W., and Ramsey, B., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9905, p. 99051V. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233666
O’Dell, S.L., Atkins, C., Broadway, D.M., Elsner, R.F., Gaskin, J.A., Gubarev, M.V., Kilaru, K., Kolodziejczak, J.J., Ramsey, B.D., Roche, J.M., Swartz, D.A., Tennant, A.F., Weisskopf, M.C., and Zavlin, V.E., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9510, p. 951003. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2179415
Kilaru, K., Ramsey, B.D., Baumgartner, W.H., Bongiorno, S.D., Broadway, D.M., Champey, P.R., Davis, J.M., O’Dell, S.L., Elsner, R.F., Gaskin, J.A., Johnson, S., Kolodziejczak, J.K., Roberts, O.J., Swartz, D.A., and Weisskopf, M.C., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2019, vol. 5, p. 021010. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.5.2.021010
Ramsey, B.D. Bongiorno, S.D., Kolodziejczak, J., Kilaru, K., Alexander, C.D., Baumgartner, W., Elsner, R., McCracken, J.E., Mitsuishi, I., Pavelitz, S.D., Ranganathan, J., Sánchez, J., Speegle, C., Weddendorf, B., and O’Dell, S.L., Proc. SPIE, 2020, vol. 11119, p. 1111903. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2531956
Zhang, W.W., Allgood, K.D., Biskach, M.P., Chan, K.-W., Hlinka, M., Kearney, J.D., Mazzarella, J.R., McClelland, R.S., Numata, A., Riveros, R.E., Saha, T.T., and Solly, P.M., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2019, vol. 5, p. 021012. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.5.2.021012
Petre, R., Chen, C.G., Cohen, L.M., Content, D.A., Harms, R.J., Monnelly, G.P., Saha, T.T., Schattenburg, M.L., Serlemitsos, P.J., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2000, vol. 4012, p. 370. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391572
Salmaso, B., Basso, S., Brizzolari, C., Civitani, M., Ghigo, M., Pareschi, G., Spiga, D., Tagliaferri, G., and Vecchi, G., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 10563, p. 105635Z. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304141
Serlemitsos, P.J. and Soong, Y., Astrophys. Space Sci., 1996, vol. 239, p. 177. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00645773
Petre, R., X-Ray Opt. Instrum., 2010, vol. 2010, art. ID 412323. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/412323
Sagdeo, A., Rai, S.K., Lodha, G.S., Singh, K.P., Yadav, N., Dhawan, R., Tonpe, U., and Vahia, M.N., Exp. Astron., 2010, vol. 28, p. 11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-010-9183-4
Kunieda, H., Ishida, M., and Endo, T., Appl. Opt., 2001, vol. 40, p. 553. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.40.000553
Winter, A., Breunig, E., Friedrich, P., and Proserpio, L., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10563, p. 1056321. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304243
Ghigo, M., Canestrari, R., Proserpio, L., Dell’Orto, E., Basso, S., Citterio, O., and Pareschi, G., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 70111F. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.790446
Ghigo, M., Basso, S., Canestrari, R., and Proserpio, L., Proc. SPIE, 2009, vol. 7439, p. 74390M. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826405
Salmaso, B., Basso, S., Brizzolari, C., Civitani, M., Ghigo, M., Pareschi, G., Spiga, D., Tagliaferri, G., and Vecchi, G., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9151, p. 91512W. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2056038
Proserpio, L., Crimi, G., Ghigo, M., Pareschi, G., Salmaso, B., D’Este, A., Dall’Igna, R., Silvestri, M., Parodi, G., and Martelli, F., Opt. Eng., 2014, vol. 53, p. 085101. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.53.8.085101
Civitani, M., Basso, S., Brizzolari, C., Ghigo, M., Pareschi, G., Salmaso, B., Spiga, D., Vecchi, G., Breuning, E., Burwitz, V., Hartner, G.D., and Menz, B., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9603, p. 96030. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188598
Navalkar, V., Singh, K.P., and Press, M., J. Astrophys. Astron., 2019, vol. 40, p. 24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-019-9592-3
Winter, A., Vongehr, M., and Friedrich, P., Proc. SPIE, 2010, vol. 7732, p. 77320B. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857147
Proserpio, L., Ghigo, M., Basso, S., Conconi, P., Citterio, O., Civitani, M., Negri, R., Pagano, G., Pareschi, G., Salmaso, B., Spiga, D., Tagliaferri, G., Terzi, L., Zambra, A., Parodi, G., Martelli, F., Bavdaz, M., and Wille, E., Proc. SPIE, 2011, vol. 8147, p. 81470M. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.895392
Chen, C.G., Heilmann, R.K., Konkola, P.T., Mongrard, O., Monnelly, G.P., and Schattenburg, M.L., J. Vac. Sci. Technol., B: Microelectron. Nanometer Struct.–Process., Meas., Phenom., 2000, vol. 18, p. 3272. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1313585
Monnelly, G., Mongrard, O., Breslau, D., Butler, N., Chen, C.G., Cohen, L., Gu, W., Heilmann, R., Konkola, P., Ricker, G., and Schattenburg, M., Proc. SPIE, 2000, vol. 4138, p. 164. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.407556
Biskach, M.P., Chan, K.-W., Mazzarella, J.R., McClelland, R.S., Saha, T.T., Schofield, M.J., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2013, vol. 8861, p. 88610Y. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2023371
Chan, K.-W., Zhang, W.W., Saha, T.T., McClelland, R.S., Biskach, M.P., Niemeyer, J., Schofield, M.J., Mazzarella, J.R., Kolos, L.D., Hong, M.M., Numata, A., Sharpe, M.V., Solly, P.M., Riveros, R.E., Allgood, K.D., and McKeon, K.P., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9603, p. 96030Z. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2187016
Chan, K.-W., Mazzarella, J.R., Saha, T.T., Zhang, W.W., McClelland, R.S., Biskach, M.P., Solly, P.M., and Riveros, R.E., and Numata, A., Proc. SPIE, 2018, vol. 10699, p. 1069940. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312562
Zhang, W.W., Allgood, K.D., Biskach, M.P., Chan, K.-W., Hlinka, M., Kearney, J.D., Mazzarella, J.R., McClelland, R.S., Numata, A., Olsen, L.G., Riveros, R.E., Saha, T.T., and Solly, P.M., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103990S. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2270861
Biskach, M.P., Allgood, K.D., Chan, K.-W., Hlinka, M., Kearney, J.D., Numata, A., Mazzarella, J.R., Riveros, R.E., Saha, T.T., Solly, P.M., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2019, vol. 11119, p. 111190C. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530340
Zhang, W.W., Allgood, K.D., Biskach, M.P., Chan, K.-W., Hlinka, M., Kearney, J.D., Mazzarella, J.R., McClelland, R.S., Numata, A., Riveros, R.E., Saha, T.T., and Solly, P.M., Proc. SPIE, 2019, vol. 11119, p. 1111907. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530284
Riveros, R.E., Biskach, M.P., Allgood, K.D., Kearney, J.D., Hlinka, M., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103990T. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2056889
McClelland, R.S., Bonafede, J.A., Saha, T.T., Solly, P.M., and Zhang, W.W., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9905, p. 99057A. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2234464
DeTienne, M.D., Bruccoleri, A.R., Molnar-Fenton, A., Chalifoux, B., Heilmann, R.K., Yao, Y., and Schattenburg, M.L., Proc. SPIE, 2018, vol. 10699, p. 1069943. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314896
Molnar-Fenton, A., Bruccoleri, A.R., Yao, Y., Heilmann, R.K., and Schattenburg, M.L., Proc. SPIE, 2019, vol. 1119, p. 111191T. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530572
Beijersbergen, M., Kraft, S., Bavdaz, M., Lumb, D.H., Guenther, R., Collon, M., Mieremet, A.L., Fairbend, R., and Peacock, A., Proc. SPIE, 2004, vol. 5539, p. 104. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552942
Collon, M.J., Günther, R., Ackermann, M., Buis, E.J., Vacanti, G., Beijersbergen, M.W., Bavdaz, M., Wallace, K., Freyberg, M., and Krumrey, M., Proc. SPIE, 2008, vol. 7011, p. 70111E. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789723
Wallace, K., Bavdaz, M., Gondoin, P., Collon, M.J., Günther, R., Ackermann, M., Beijersbergen, M.W., Olde Riekerink, M., Blom, M., Lansdorp, B., and de Vreede, L., Proc. SPIE, 2009, vol. 7437, p. 74370T. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825824
Olde Riekerink, M.B., Lansdorp, B., de Vreede, L.J., Blom, M.T., van’t Oever, R., Ackermann, M.D., Collon, M.J., Wallace, K., and Bavdaz, M., Proc. SPIE, 2009, vol. 7437, p. 74370U. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825960
Bavdaz, M., Collon, M., Beijersbergen, M., Wallace, K., and Wille, E., X-Ray Opt. Instrum., 2010, vol. 2010, article ID 295095. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/295095
Bavdaz, M., Wille, E., Wallace, K., Shortt, B., Collon, M., Ackermann, M., Olde Riekerink, M., Haneveld, J., van Baren, C., Erhard, M., Christensen, F., Krumrey, M., and Burwitz, V., Proc. SPIE, 2012, vol. 8443, p. 844329. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926111
Collon, M.J., Vacanti, G., Günther, R., Yanson, A., Barrière, N., Landgraf, B., Vervest, M., Chatbi, A., Beijersbergen, M.W., Bavdaz, M., Wille, E., Haneveld, J., Koelewijn, A., Leenstra, A., Wijnperle, M., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2015, vol. 9603, p. 96030K. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188988
Westergaard, N.J., Ferreira, D.D.M., and Massahi, S., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2017, vol. 873, p. 5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.01.058
Wille, E., Wallace, K., Bavdaz, M., Collon, M., Günther, R., Ackermann, M., Beijersbergen, M., Riekerink, M.O., Blom, M., Lansdorp, B., and de Vreede, L.D., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10565, p. 105652L. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309240
Collon, M.J., Vacanti, G., Barriere, N., Landgraf, B., Guenther, R., Vervest, M., van der Hoeven, R., Chatbi, A., Girou, D., Sforzini, J., Beijersbergen, M.W., Bavdaz, M., Wille, E., Fransen, S., Shortt, B., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2018, vol. 10699, p. 106990Y. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314479
Bavdaz, M., Lumb, D.H., Peacock, A.J., Beijersbergen, M., and Kraft, S., Proc. SPIE, 2004, vol. 5488, p. 829. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552935
Ezoe, Y., Koshiishi, M., Mita, M., Mitsuda, K., Hoshino, A., Ishisaki, Y., Yang, Z., Takano, T., and Maeda, R., Appl. Opt., 2006, vol. 45, p. 8932. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.45.008932
Willingale, R., Fraser, G.W., Brunton, A.N., and Martin, A.P., Exp. Astron., 1998, vol. 8, p. 281. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008099315152
Beijersbergen, M.W., Bavdaz, M., Peacock, A.J., Tomaselli, E., Fraser, G., Brunton, A., Flyckt, E., Krumrey, M.K., and Souvorov, A., Proc. SPIE, 1999, vol. 3765, p. 452. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366562
Collon, M.J., Beijersbergen, M.W., Wallace, K., Bavdaz, M., Fairbend, R., Séguy, J., Schyns, E., Krumrey, M., and Freyberg, M., Proc. SPIE, 2007, vol. 6688, p. 668812. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734476
Wallace, K., Collon, M.J., Beijersbergen, M.W., Oemrawsingh, S., Bavdaz, M., and Schyns, E., Proc. SPIE, 2007, vol. 6688, p. 66881C. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.733998
Fraser, G.W., Carpenter, J.D., Rothery, D.A., Pearson, J.F., Martindale, A., Huovelin, J., Treis, J., Anand, M., Anttila, M., Ashcroft, M., Benkoff, J., Bland, P., Bowyer, A., Bradley, A., Bridges, J., et al., Planet. Space Sci., 2010, vol. 58, p. 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2009.05.004
Götz, D., Osborne, J., Cordier, B., Paul, J., Evans, P., Beardmore, A., Martindale, A., Willingale, R., O’Brien, P., Basa, S., Rossin, C., Godet, O., Webb, N., Greiner, J., Nandra, K., Meidinger, N., Perinati, E., Santangelo, A., Mercier, K., and Gonzalez, F., Proc. SPIE, 2014, vol. 9144, p. 914423. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2054898
Ezoe, Y., Koshiishi, M., Mita, M., Mitsuda, K., Hoshino, A., Ishisaki, Y., Takano, T., and Maeda, R., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2007, vol. 579, p. 817. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2054898
Ezoe, Y., Mitsuishi, I., Takagi, U., Koshiishi, M., Mitsuda, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Ohashi, T., Kato, F., Sugiyama, S., Riveros, R.E., Yamaguchi, H., Fujihira, S., Kanamori, Y., Morishita, K., Nakajima, K., and Maeda, R., Microsyst. Technol., 2010, vol. 16, p. 1633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-009-0981-4
Kuribayashi, H., Hiruta, R., Shimizu, R., Sudoh, K., and Iwasaki, H., J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A, 2003, vol. 21, p. 1279. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1586278
Mitsuishi, I., Ezoe, Y., Takagi, U., Mita, M., Riveros, R., Yamaguchi, H., Kato, F., Sugiyama, S., Fujiwara, K., Morishita, K., Nakajima, K., Fujihira, S., Kanamori, Y., Yamasaki, N.Y., Mitsuda, K., and Maeda, R., Proc. SPIE, 2009, vol. 7360, p. 736040. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.823933
Riveros, R.E., Yamaguchi, H., Mitsuishi, I., Takagi, U., Ezoe, Y., Kato, F., Sugiyama, S., Yamasaki, N., and Mitsuda, K., Appl. Opt., 2010, vol. 49, p. 3511. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.49.003511
Nakajima, K., Fujiwara, K., Pan, W., and Okuda, H., Nat. Mater., 2005, vol. 4, p. 47. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1282
Ezoe, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Kasahara, S., Kimura, T., Ishikawa, K., Fujimoto, M., Mitsuda, K., Sahara, H., Isobe, N., Nakajima, H., Ohashi, T., Nagata, H., Funase, R., Ueno, M., and Branduardi-Raymont, G., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2018, vol. 4, p. 046001. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.4.4.046001
Van Speybroeck, L.P., Chase, R.C., and Zehnpfennig, T.F., Appl. Opt., 1971, vol. 1, p. 945. https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.10.000945
Harnden, F.R., Jr., Fabricant, D., Topka, K., Flannery, B.P., Tucker, W.H., and Gorenstein, P., Astrophys. J., 1977, vol. 214, p. 418. https://doi.org/10.1086/155266
Hudec, R., X-Ray Opt. Instrum., 2010, vol. 2010, article ID 139148. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/139148
Joy, M.K., Kolodziejczak, J.J., Weisskopf, M.C., Fair, S.B., and Ramsey, B.D., Proc. SPIE, 1994, vol. 2279, p. 283. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.193144
Fabricant, D.G., Cohen, L.M., and Gorenstein, P., Appl. Opt., 1988, vol. 27, p. 1456. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.27.001456
Hudec, R., Sik, J., Lorenc, M., Pina, L., Marsikova, V., Mika, M., Inneman, A., and Skulinova, M., Proc. SPIE, 2011, vol. 8076, p. 807604. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.890516
Hudec, R., Marsikova, V., Mika, M., Sik, J., Lorenc, M., Pina, L., Inneman, A., and Skulinova, M., Proc. SPIE, 2009, vol. 7437, p. 74370S. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.827978
Willingale, R. and Spaan, F.H., Proc. SPIE, 2009, vol. 7437, p. 74370B. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826225
Hudec, R., Pína, L., Semencova, V., Inneman, A., Skulinova, M., Sveda, L., Míka, M., Kacerovsky, R., Prokop, J., Brozek, V., and Sik, J., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10567, p. 105673L. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2308125
Hudec, R., Maršiková, V., Pína, L., Inneman, A., and Skulinová, M., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10565, p. 105652U. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309110
Hudec, R., Pina, L., Marsikova, V., Nentvich, O., Urban, M., and Inneman, A., Contrib. Astron. Obs. Skalnate Pleso, 2018, vol. 48, p. 437.
Longcope, D., Acton, L., and Kankelborg, C., Appl. Opt., 2019, vol. 58, p. 4969. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.004969
Gorenstein, P., Proc. SPIE, 2013, vol. 8861, p. 88611P. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024905
Schmidt, W.H.K., Nucl. Instrum. Methods, 1975, vol. 127, p. 285. https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-554x(75)90501-7
Angel, J.R.P., Astrophys. J., 1979, vol. 233, p. 364. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.957437
Hudec, R. and Remisova, K., Contrib. Astron. Obs. Skalnate Pleso, 2017, vol. 47, p. 67.
Kaaret, P. and Geissbühler, P., Proc. SPIE, 1991, vol. 1546, p. 82. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.51261
Fraser, G.W., Brunton, A.N., Lees, J.E., and Emberson, D.L., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 1993, vol. 24, p. 404. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(93)90825-3
Peele, A.G., Nugent, K.A., Rode, A.V., Gabel, K., Richardson, M.C., Strack, R., and Siegmund, W., Appl. Opt., 1996, vol. 35, p. 4420. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.212593
Tamagawa, T., Uchiyama, K., Otsubo, R., Yuasa, T., Zhou, Y., Mihara, T., Ezoe, Y., Numazawa, M., Ishi, D., Fukushima, A., Suzuki, H., Uchino, T., Sakuda, S., Ishikawa, K., Enoto, T., and Sakamoto, T., J. Astron. Telesc., Instrum., Syst., 2020, vol. 6, p. 025003. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.6.2.025003
Su, L., Li, W., Wu, M., Su, Y., Guo, C., Ruan, N., Yang, B., and Yan, F., Appl. Opt., 2017, vol. 56, p. 6267. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.56.006267
Grubsky, V., Gertsenshteyn, M., Shoemaker, K., and Jannson, T., Proc. SPIE, 2007, vol. 6688, p. 66880P. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.735923
Willingale, R., Pearson, J.F., Martindale, A., Feldman, C.H., Fairbend, R., Schyns, E., Petit, S., Osborne, J.P., and O’Brien, P.T., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9905, p. 99051Y. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2232946
Mutz, J.-L., Bonnet, O., Fairbend, R., Schyns, E., and Seguy, J., Proc SPIE, 2007, vol. 6479, p. 64790F. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.699576
Peng, S., Wei, F., Guo, Y., and Ye, Y., Opt. Eng., 2019, vol. 58, p. 093101. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.58.9.093101
Svendsen, S., Knudsen, E.B., Blake, S., Oosterbroek, T., Jegers, A.S., Ferreira, D.D.M., Prodhomme, T., Shortt, B., Willingale, R., and O’Brien, P., Proc. SPIE, 2019, vol. 11119, p. 111191R. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529113
Branduardi-Raymont, G., Sembay, S.F., Eastwood, J.P., Sibeck, D.G., Abbey, A., Brown, P., Carter, J.A., Carr, C.M., Forsyth, C., Kataria, D., Kemble, S., Milan, S.E., Owen, C.J., Peacocke, L., Read, A.M., et al., Exp. Astron., 2012, vol. 33, p. 403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-011-9239-0
Collier, M.R., Scott Porter, F., Sibeck, D.G., Carter, J.A., Chiao, M.P., Chornay, D.J., Cravens, T.E., Galeazzi, M., Keller, J.W., Koutroumpa, D., Kujawski, J., Kuntz, K., Read, A.M., Robertson, I.P., Sembay, S., Snowden, S.L., Thomas, N., Uprety, Y., and Walsh, B.M., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2015, vol. 86, p. 071301. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4927259
Walsh, B.M., Collier, M.R., Kuntz, K.D., Porter, F.S., Sibeck, D.G., Snowden, S.L., Carter, J.A., Collado-Vega, Y., Connor, H.K., Cravens, T.E., Read, A.M., Sembay, S., and Thomas, N.E., J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 2016, vol. 121, p. 3353. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022348
Raab, W., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Wang, C., Dai, L., Donovan, E., Enno, G., Escoubet, P., Holland, A., Jing, L., Kataria, D., Li, L., Read, A., Rebuffat, D., Romstedt, J., Runciman, C., et al., Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9905, p. 990502. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2231984
Feldman, C., Pearson, J., Willingale, R., Sykes, J., Drumm, P., Houghton, P., Bicknell, C., Osborne, J., Martindale, A., O’Brien, P., Fairbend, R., Schyns, E., Petit, S., Roudot, R., Mercier, K., Le Duigou, J.-M., and Gotz, D., Proc. SPIE, 2017, vol. 10399, p. 103991Q. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2273416
Amati, L., O’Brien, P., Goetz, D., Bozzo, E., Tenzer, C., Frontera, F., Ghirlanda, G., Labanti, C., Osborne, J.P., Stratta, G., Tanvir, N., Willingale, R., Attina, P., Campana, R., Castro-Tirado A.J., et al., Adv. Space Res., 2018, vol. 62, p. 191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2018.03.010
Hudec, R., Sveda, L., Pina, L., Inneman, A., Semencova, V., and Skulinova, M., Proc. SPIE, 2006, vol. 10567, p. 1056719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2006.12.014
Hudec, R., Proc. MQW7, Foca, 2009, p. 107. https://doi.org/10.22323/1.062.0107
Hudec, R., Šimon, V., and Tichý, V., Mem. Soc. Astron. Ital., 2012, vol. 83, p. 365.
Baca, T., Platkevic, M., Jakubek, J., Inneman, A., Stehlikova, V., Urban, M., Nentvich, O., Blazek, M., McEntaffer, R., and Daniel, V., J. Instrum., 2016, vol. 11, p. C10007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/C10007
Urban, M., Nentvich, O., Stehlikova, V., Baca, T., Daniel, V., and Hudec, R., Acta Astronaut., 2017, vol. 140, p. 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.08.004
Hudec, R., Contrib. Astron. Obs. Skalnate Pleso, 2017, vol. 47, p. 143.
Hudec, R., Pína, L., Marsikova, V., Nentvich, O., Urban, M., and Inneman, A., Contrib. Astron. Obs. Skalnate Pleso, 2018, vol. 48, p. 456.
Pína, L., Hudec, R., Inneman, A., Marsikova, V., Baca, T., Stehlikova, V., Daniel, V., and Tutt, J., Proc. SPIE, 2019, vol. 11032, p. 1103203. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2525541
Pína, L., Hudec, R., Marsikova, V., Inneman, A., Oberta, P., and Havlikova, R., Proc. SPIE, 2019, vol. 11108, p. 111080Y. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2543412
Tichý, V., Burrows, D.N., Prieskorn, Z., and Hudec, R., Balt. Astron., 2015, vol. 24, p. 243. https://doi.org/10.1515/astro-2017-0225
Chalifoux, B.D., Heilmann, R.K., Marshall, H.L., and Schattenburg, M.L., Appl. Opt., 2020, vol. 59, p. 4901. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.392479
Funding
This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of studies on the State Job of the Crystallography and Photonics Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
K–B—Kirkpatrick–Baez optical system; FoV—field of view; W–Sh—Wolter–Schwarzschild optical system; HPD—point scattering function; HEW—half-energy width; SPO—silicon porous optics; MCP—microchannel plate; MEMS—microelectromechanical system; ALE—“lobster eye” optics in the Angel geometry; ShLE—“lobster eye” optics in the Schmidt geometry.
Additional information
Translated by A. Seferov
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lider, V.V. Grazing-Incidence Focusing Optics for X-Ray Telescopes (Review). Instrum Exp Tech 65, 191–217 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S002044122202004X
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S002044122202004X