Abstract.
It has been recently demonstrated experimentally that graphene, or single-layer carbon, is a gapless semiconductor with massless Dirac energy spectrum. A finite conductivity per channel of order of e2/h in the limit of zero temperature and zero charge carrier density is one of the striking features of this system. Here we analyze this peculiarity based on the Kubo and Landauer formulas. The appearance of a finite conductivity without scattering is shown to be a characteristic property of Dirac chiral fermions in two dimensions.
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Katsnelson, M. Zitterbewegung, chirality, and minimal conductivity in graphene. Eur. Phys. J. B 51, 157–160 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2006-00203-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2006-00203-1