ABSTRACT
In this paper we investigate the performance of mica2 and mica2dot Berkeley motes by means of an extensive experimental analysis. This study is aimed at analyzing the main elements that characterize the performance of a sensor network, e.g., power consumption in different operating conditions, impact of weather conditions, interference between neighboring nodes, etc. Even if the analysis is related to a specific technology it provides some general useful information. Specifically, we found that the transmission range of mote sensor nodes decreases significantly in the presence of fog or rain. We also investigated the interference between neighboring nodes and, based on the experimental results, we propose a channel model for mote sensor nodes. This model is very similar to the channel model of IEEE 802.11 networks.
- I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E. Cayirci, "Wireless Sensor Networks: a Survey", Computer Networks, Vol. 38 (2002), pp 393--422 Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. Anastasi, E. Borgia, M. Conti, E. Gregori, "Wi-Fi in Ad Hoc Mode: A Measurement Study", Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom 2004), Orlando (Florida), March 14-17, 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Berkeley TinyOS project http://webs.cs.berkeley.edu/tos/Google Scholar
- Crossbow, "User Manual: MPR - Mote Processor Radio Board, MIB - Mote Interface, Programming Board User's Manual", 2003Google Scholar
- Crossbow, "MTSMDA sensor and data acquisition boards user's manual MTS101CA, MTS300CA, MTS310CA, MDA300CA, MDA500CA", 2003Google Scholar
- Crossbow, "TinyOS Getting Started Guide", 2003Google Scholar
- Crossbow, "TinyOS Tutorial", 2003Google Scholar
- J. Elson and D. Estrin, "Time Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Networks", Proceedings of the Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Computing Issues in Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, April 2001, San Francisco, CA, USA, pp. 1965--1970.Google ScholarCross Ref
- D. B. Green, M. S. Obaidat, "An Accurate Line of Sight Propagation Performance Model for Ad-Hoc 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN) Devices", Proceedings of IEEE ICC 2002, New York, April 2002.Google Scholar
- IEEE standard 802.11, "Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, August 1999.Google Scholar
- C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan, D. Estrin, "Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks", Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (Mobicom 2000), August 6 - 11, 2000, Boston (MA) Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Madden, R. Szewczyk, M. Franklin, D. Culler, "Supporting Aggregate Queries Over Ad-Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks", Proc. of the Workshop on Mobile Computing and Systems Applications, 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- The Network Simulator - ns-2, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/index.html.Google Scholar
- V. Raghunathan, C.Schurgers, S. Park, M. Srivastava, "Energy-aware Wireless Microsensor Networks", IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, March 2002.Google Scholar
- Y. Sankarasubramaniam, O. Akan, I. Akyildiz, "ESRT: Event-to-Sink Reliable Transport in Wireless Sensor Networks" Proc. of the ACM MobiHoc Conference, Annapolis, Maryland, June 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Wadaa, S. Olariu, L. Wilson, M. Eltoweissy, and K. Jones, Training a Sensor Network, ACM/Kluwer Mobile Networks and Applications (MONET), June 2004, to appear. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Wan, A. Campbell, L. Krishnamurthy, "PSFQ: A Reliable Transport Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks <http://comet.columbia.edu/%7Ecampbell/papers/PSFQ.pdf>," First Workshop on Sensor Networks and Applications (WSNA), September 2002, Atlanta, GA. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Wan, S. B. Eisenman, A.T. Campbell, "CODA: Congestion Detection and Avoidance in Sensor Networks <http://www-net.cs.umass.edu/cs791_sensornets/papers/campbell_sensys_2003.pdf>," ACM SenSys, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Woo, D. Culler, "A transmission control scheme for media access in sensor networks", Proceedings of the International conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (Mobicom 2001), Rome (Italy) Google ScholarDigital Library
- Y. Xu, S. Bien, Y. Mori, J. Heidemann, D. Estrin, "Topology Control Protocols to Conserve Energy in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks" <http://deerhound.ats.ucla.edu:7777/pls/portal/url/item/376770E562EE4649B3F0491C09BF672C>, CENS Technical Report #6, January 11 2003Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Performance measurements of motes sensor networks
Recommendations
An efficient cluster-based communication protocol for wireless sensor networks
A wireless sensor network is a network of large numbers of sensor nodes, where each sensor node is a tiny device that is equipped with a processing, sensing subsystem and a communication subsystem. The critical issue in wireless sensor networks is how ...
Coverage-aware sensor engagement in dense sensor networks
Selected papers of EUC 2005Wireless sensor networks are capable of carrying out surveillance missions for various applications in remote areas without human interventions. An essential issue of sensor networks is to search for the balance between the limited battery supply and the ...
Single versus multi-hop wireless reprogramming in sensor networks
TridentCom '08: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Testbeds and research infrastructures for the development of networks & communitiesWireless reprogramming of the sensor network is useful for uploading new code or for changing the functionality of the existing code. In recent years, the research focus has shifted from single hop reprogramming to multi-hop reprogramming primarily ...
Comments