Gerald G. Koch
Boris Koldehofe
ABSTRACT
Complex Event Processing (CEP) is the method of choice for the observation of system states and situations by means of events. A number of systems have been introduced that provide CEP in selected environments. Some are restricted to centralised systems, or to systems with synchronous communication, or to a limited space of event relations that are defined in advance. Many modern systems, though, are inherently distributed and asynchronous, and require a more powerful CEP. We present Cordies, a distributed system for the detection of correlated events that is designed for the operation in large-scale, heterogeneous networks and adapts dynamically to changing network conditions. With its expressive language to describe event relations, it is suitable for environments where neither the event space nor the situations of interest are predefined but are constantly adapted. In addition, Cordies supports Quality-of-Service (QoS) for communication in distributed event correlation detection.
- R. Adaikkalavan and S. Chakravarthy. SnoopIB: interval-based event specification and detection for active databases. Data Knowl. Eng., 59(1):139--165, 2006. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- R. Adaikkalavan and S. Chakravarthy. Event specification and processing for advanced applications: Generalization and formalization. In DEXA, pages 369--379, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Adi and O. Etzion. Amit - the situation manager. The VLDB Journal, 13(2):177--203, 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. F. Allen. Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals. Commun. ACM, 26(11):832--843, 1983. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Bailey and S. Mikulás. Expressiveness issues and decision problems for active database event queries. In ICDT '01: Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Database Theory, pages 68--82. Springer-Verlag, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Bornhövd and A. P. Buchmann. CREAM: An infrastructure for distributed, heterogeneous event-based applications, 2003.Google Scholar
- F. Bry and M. Eckert. Rule-based composite event queries: The language xchangeeq and its semantics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 4524:16--30, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. T. Campbell, S. B. Eisenman, N. D. Lane, E. Miluzzo, R. A. Peterson, H. Lu, X. Zheng, M. Musolesi, K. Fodor, and G.-S. Ahn. The rise of people-centric sensing. IEEE Internet Computing, 12(4):12--21, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Carlson and B. Lisper. An event detection algebra for reactive systems. In EMSOFT '04: Proc. 4th ACM Int. conf. on Embedded software, pages 147--154. ACM, 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Chakravarthy and D. Mishra. Snoop: An expressive event specification language for active databases. Data Knowledge Engineering, 14(1):1--26, 1994. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C.-H. Chen-Ritzo, C. Harrison, J. Paraszczak, and F. Parr. Instrumenting the planet. IBM J. Res. Dev., 53(3):1:1--1:16, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Courtenage. Specifying and detecting composite events in content-based publish/subscribe systems. Proc. 22nd Int. Conf. on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, pages 602--607, 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. J. Franklin, S. R. Jeffery, S. Krishnamurthy, and F. Reiss. Design considerations for high fan-in systems: The HiFi approach. In CIDR, pages 290--304, 2005.Google Scholar
- S. Gatziu and K. Dittrich. Detecting composite events in active database systems using petri nets. Proc. 4th Int. Workshop on Research Issues in Data Engineering, pages 2--9, 1994.Google ScholarCross Ref
- N. H. Gehani, H. V. Jagadish, and O. Shmueli. Event specification in an active object-oriented database. In SIGMOD '92: Proc. ACM Int. Conf. on Management of Data, pages 81--90. ACM, 1992. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Haage, R. Holz, H. Niedermayer, and P. Laskov. CLIO - a cross-layer information service for overlay network optimization. In Kommunikation in Verteilten Systemen (KiVS) 2009, 2009.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Hinze and A. Voisard. A parameterized algebra for event notification services. In TIME '02: Proc. 9th Int. Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning, page 61. IEEE Computer Society, 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. G. Koch, B. Koldehofe, and K. Rothermel. Higher confidence in event correlation using uncertainty restrictions. In Proc. 28th IEEE Int. Conf. on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCSW '08). IEEE Computer Society, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. Li and H.-A. Jacobsen. Composite subscriptions in content-based publish/subscribe systems. In Middleware 2005, number 3970 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 249--269. Springer, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. Li, V. Muthusamy, and H.-A. Jacobsen. Adaptive content-based routing in general overlay topologies. In Middleware '08: Proc. 9th ACM/IFIP/USENIX Int. Conf. on Middleware, pages 1--21. Springer, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Liebig, M. Cilia, and A. Buchmann. Event composition in time-dependent distributed systems. In COOPIS '99: Proc. 4th IECIS Int. Conf. on Cooperative Information Systems, page 70. IEEE Computer Society, 1999. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. C. Luckham. The Power of Events: An Introduction to Complex Event Processing in Distributed Enterprise Systems. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc., 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Mackworth. Consistency in networks of relations. Artificial Intelligence, 8(1):99--118, 1977. Reprinted in Readings in Artificial Intelligence, B. L. Webber and N. J. Nilsson (eds.), Tioga Publ. Col., pp. 69--78, 1981.Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Mansouri-Samani and M. Sloman. GEM: A generalized event monitoring language for distributed systems. IEE/IOP/BCS Distributed Systems Engineering Journal, 4:96--108, 1997.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Nagargadde, S. Varadarajan, and K. Ramamritham. Semantic characterization of real world events. In DASFAA, pages 675--687. Springer, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Nagargadde, S. Varadarajan, and K. Ramamritham. Representation and processing of information related to real world events. Know.-Based Syst., 20(1):1--16, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- P. Pietzuch, J. Ledlie, J. Shneidman, M. Roussopoulos, M. Welsh, and M. Seltzer. Network-aware operator placement for stream-processing systems. In ICDE '06: Proc. 22nd Int. Conf. on Data Engineering, page 49. IEEE Computer Society, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- P. R. Pietzuch, B. Shand, and J. Bacon. Composite event detection as a generic middleware extension. Network, IEEE, 18:44--55, 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Rizou, F. Dürr, and K. Rothermel. Solving the Multi-operator Placement Problem in Large-Scale Operator Networks. Technical Report 2009/03, University of Stuttgart, Collaborative Research Center 627, 2009.Google Scholar
- S. Russell and P. Norvig. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 2nd edition edition, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Sánchez, S. Sankaranarayanan, H. Sipma, T. Zhang, D. Dill, and Z. Manna. Event correlation: Language and semantics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2855:323--339, 2003.Google ScholarCross Ref
- B. Schilling, B. Koldehofe, U. Pletat, and K. Rothermel. Distributed heterogeneous event processing: Enhancing scalability and interoperability of cep in an industrial context. In DEBS '10: Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Distributed Event-based Systems. ACM, 2010. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Schwiderski. Monitoring the Behaviour of Distributed Systems. PhD thesis, Selwyn College, University of Cambridge, 1996.Google Scholar
- S. Schwiderski-Grosche and K. Moody. The SpaTeC composite event language for spatio-temporal reasoning in mobile systems. In DEBS '09: Proc. 3rd ACM Int. Conf. on Distributed Event-Based Systems, pages 1--12. ACM, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. A. Tariq, G. G. Koch, B. Koldehofe, and K. Rothermel. Dynamic publish/subscribe to meet subscriber-defined delay and bandwidth constraints. In Euro-Par'10: Proc. 16th Int. Euro-Par Conf. Springer, 2010. Google ScholarDigital Library
- O. Waldhorst, C. Blankenhorn, D. Haage, R. Holz, G. Koch, B. Koldehofe, F. Lampi, C. Mayer, and S. Mies. Spontaneous Virtual Networks: On the Road towards the Internet's Next Generation. it --- Information Technology Special Issue on Next Generation Internet, 50(6), Dec. 2008.Google Scholar
- E. Yoneki and J. Bacon. Unified semantics for event correlation over time and space in hybrid network environments. In On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2005: CoopIS, DOA, and ODBASE, volume 3760, pages 366--384. Springer Verlag, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Zimmer and R. Unland. On the semantics of complex events in active database management systems. Int. Conf. on Data Engineering, 0:392, 1999. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Cordies: expressive event correlation in distributed systems
Recommendations
Modeling the Software Execution of CEP in DCEP-Sim
DEBS '19: Proceedings of the 13th ACM International Conference on Distributed and Event-based SystemsDCEP-Sim facilitates simulation of distributed CEP where the latency and bandwidth limitations in the network are well reflected, but it currently lacks models to simulate the temporal behavior of event processing. In this demonstration, we use a ...
A scalable complex event processing system and evaluations of its performance
DEBS '12: Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based SystemsThis paper describes a scalable context delivery platform (SCTXPF) and our evaluations of it. The SCTXPF receives a large number of events from various event sources and a large number of complex event processing (CEP) rules from various services/...
A Hybrid Complex Event Service Based on IoT Resource Models
ICWS '15: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Web ServicesTraditional Complex Event systems (CEP) did not consider the computation requirements of continuous dynamic behavior such as differential equations. In addition, the event composition rules were predefined before the CEP engine began working. The rule ...
Comments