Abstract
Camera sensors are different from traditional scalar sensors, as cameras at different positions can form very different views of the object. However, traditional coverage model does not consider this intrinsic property of camera sensors. To address this issue, a novel model called full-view coverage is proposed. It uses the angle between the object's facing direction and the camera's viewing direction to measure the quality of coverage. An object is full-view covered if there is always a camera to cover it no matter which direction it faces and the camera's viewing direction is sufficiently close to the object's facing direction. An efficient method is proposed for full-view coverage detection in any given camera sensor networks, and a sufficient condition on the sensor density needed for full-view coverage in a random uniform deployment is derived. In addition, the article shows a necessary and sufficient condition on the sensor density for full-view coverage in a triangular lattice-based deployment. Based on the full-view coverage model, the article further studies the barrier coverage problem. Existing weak and strong barrier coverage models are extended by considering direction issues in camera sensor networks. With these new models, weak/strong barrier coverage verification problems are introduced, and new detection methods are proposed and evaluated.
- Ahmed, N., Kanhere, S. S., and Jha, S. 2005. The holes problem in wireless sensor networks: A survey. ACM SIGMOBILE Mob. Comput. Commun. Rev. 9, 2, 4--18. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Akyildiz, I. F., Melodia, T., and Chowdhury, K. R. 2007. A survey on wireless multimedia sensor networks. Comput. Netw. 51, 4, 921--960. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Alexandroff, P. S. 1998. Combinatorial Topology. Dover, New York.Google Scholar
- Alon, N. and Spencer, J. H. 2000. The Probabilistic Method. John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
- Bejerano, Y. 2008. Simple and efficient k-coverage verification without location information. In Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM. 291--295.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Blanz, V., Grother, P., Phillips, P. J., and Vetter, T. 2005. Face recognition based on frontal views generated from non-frontal images. In Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05). 454--461. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cai, Y., Lou, W., Li, M., and Li, X.-Y. 2009. Energy efficient target-oriented scheduling in directional sensor networks. IEEE Trans. Comput. 58, 9, 1259--1274. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cardei, M. and Wu, J. 2006. Energy-efficient coverage problems in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks. Comput. Commun. 29, 4, 413--420. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Chen, A., Lai, T. H., and Xuan, D. 2008. Measuring and guaranteeing quality of barrier-coverage in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc'08). 2:1--2:31. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Clouqueur, T., Phipatanasuphorn, V., Ramanathan, P., and Saluja, K. K. 2003. Sensor deployment strategy for detection of targets traversing a region. Mob. Netw. Appl. 8, 453--461. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cormen, T. H., Leiserson, C. E., Rivest, R. L., and Stein, C. 2001. Introduction to Algorithms 2nd Ed. The MIT Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cărbunar, B., Grama, A., Vitek, J., and Cărbunar, O. 2006. Redundancy and coverage detection in sensor networks. ACM Trans. Sen. Netw. 2, 1, 94--128. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Gage, D. 1992. Command control for many-robot systems. In Proceedings of the 19th Annual AUVS Technical Symposium (AUVS-92). 22--24.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hörster, E. and Lienhart, R. 2006. On the optimal placement of multiple visual sensors. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Workshop on Video Surveillance and Sensor Networks. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Huang, C.-F. and Tseng, Y.-C. 2003. The coverage problem in a wireless sensor network. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications. 115--121. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Johnson, M. P. and Bar-Noy, A. 2011. Pan and scan: Configuring cameras for coverage. In Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM.Google Scholar
- Kasbekar, G. S., Bejerano, Y., and Sarkar, S. 2009. Lifetime and coverage guarantees through distributed coordinate-free sensor activation. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference in Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom'09). 169--180. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kershner, R. 1939. The number of circles covering a set. Am. J. Math. 61, 3, 665--671.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kumar, S., Lai, T. H., and Arora, A. 2005. Barrier coverage with wireless sensors. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference in Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom'05). 284--298. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Li, X.-Y., Wan, P.-J., and Frieder, O. 2003. Coverage in wireless ad hoc sensor networks. IEEE Trans. Comput. 52, 753--763. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Liu, B., Dousse, O., Wang, J., and Saipulla, A. 2008. Strong barrier coverage of wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc'08). 411--420. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Liu, C. and Cao, G. 2011. Spatial-temporal coverage optimization in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput. 10, 4, 465--478. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Meguerdichian, S., Koushanfar, F., Potkonjak, M., and Srivastava, M. 2001. Coverage problems in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM. 1380--1387.Google Scholar
- Phillips, P. J., Scruggs, W. T., O'Toole, A. J., Flynn, P. J., Bowyer, K. W., Schott, C. L., and Sharpe, M. 2007. FRVT 2006 and ICE 2006 large-scale results. Tech. rep. NISTIR 7408, National Institute of Standards and Technology.Google Scholar
- Rinner, B. and Wolf, W. 2008. A bright future for distributed smart cameras. Proc. IEEE 96, 10, 1562--1564.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Saipulla, A., Liu, B., Xing, G., Fu, X., and Wang, J. 2010. Barrier coverage with sensors of limited mobility. In Proceedings of the ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc'10). 201--210. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sanderson, C., Shang, T., and Lovell, B. C. 2007. Towards pose-invariant 2D face classification for surveillance. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures (AMFG'07). 276--289. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Solomon, H. 1978. Geometric Probability. SIAM, Philadelphia, PA.Google Scholar
- Soro, S. and Heinzelman, W. 2009. A survey of visual sensor networks. In Adv. Multimedia, 1--22.Google Scholar
- Veltri, G., Huang, Q., Qu, G., and Potkonjak, M. 2003. Minimal and maximal exposure path algorithms for wireless embedded sensor networks. In Proceedings of the ACM SenSys'03. 40--50. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wang, G., Cao, G., and La Porta, T. F. 2006. Movement-assisted sensor deployment. IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput. 5, 6, 640--652. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wang, X., Xing, G., Zhang, Y., Lu, C., and Gill, C. 2003. Integrated coverage and connectivity configuration in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the ACM SenSys'03. 28--39. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wang, Y. and Cao, G. 2011a. Barrier coverage in camera sensor networks. In Proceedings of the ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc'11). Paris, France, 1781--1789. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wang, Y. and Cao, G. 2011b. Minimizing service delay in directional sensor networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM. 1790--1798.Google Scholar
- Wang, Y. and Cao, G. 2011c. On full-view coverage in camera sensor networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM. 1781--1789.Google Scholar
- Yang, G. and Qiao, D. 2009. Barrier information coverage with wireless sensors. In Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM. 918--926.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Achieving full-view coverage in camera sensor networks
Recommendations
Barrier coverage in camera sensor networks
MobiHoc '11: Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and ComputingBarrier coverage has attracted much attention in the past few years. However, most of the previous works focused on traditional scalar sensors. We propose to study barrier coverage in camera sensor networks. One fundamental difference between camera and ...
Enhancing barrier coverage with β quality of monitoring in wireless camera sensor networks
Over years, barrier coverage problems in wireless camera sensor networks have received an amount of attention for their important applications such as intrusion detection and battlefield surveillance. Though much work has been done in this field, few ...
Minimum k, ω-angle barrier coverage in wireless camera sensor networks
Barrier coverage is an important issue in wireless sensor networks, which guarantees to detect any intruder attempting to cross a barrier or penetrating a protected region monitored by sensors. However, the barrier coverage problem in wireless camera ...
Comments