skip to main content
research-article

A Survey of Emerging Concepts and Challenges for QoE Management of Multimedia Services

Published:22 May 2018Publication History
Skip Abstract Section

Abstract

Quality of Experience (QoE) has received much attention over the past years and has become a prominent issue for delivering services and applications. A significant amount of research has been devoted to understanding, measuring, and modelling QoE for a variety of media services. The next logical step is to actively exploit that accumulated knowledge to improve and manage the quality of multimedia services, while at the same time ensuring efficient and cost-effective network operations. Moreover, with many different players involved in the end-to-end service delivery chain, identifying the root causes of QoE impairments and finding effective solutions for meeting the end users’ requirements and expectations in terms of service quality is a challenging and complex problem. In this article, we survey state-of-the-art findings and present emerging concepts and challenges related to managing QoE for networked multimedia services. Going beyond a number of previously published survey articles addressing the topic of QoE management, we address QoE management in the context of ongoing developments, such as the move to softwarized networks, the exploitation of big data analytics and machine learning, and the steady rise of new and immersive services (e.g., augmented and virtual reality). We address the implications of such paradigm shifts in terms of new approaches in QoE modeling and the need for novel QoE monitoring and management infrastructures.

Skip Supplemental Material Section

Supplemental Material

References

  1. 3GPP. 2017. Study on improved streaming Quality of Experience (QoE) reporting in 3GPP services and networks, 3GPP TR 26.909, Release 14, v14.0.0.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. V. Aggarwal, E. Halepovic, J. Pang, S. Venkataraman, and H. Yan. 2014. Prometheus: Toward quality of experience estimation for mobile apps from passive network measurements. In Proceedings of the 15th Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications. ACM, 18. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  3. A. Ahmad, L. Atzori, and M. G. Martini. 2017. Qualia: A multilayer solution for QoE passive monitoring at the user terminal. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC’17).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. A. Ahmad, A. Floris, and L. Atzori. 2016. QoE-centric service delivery: A collaborative approach among OTTs and ISPs. Comput. Networks 110 (2016), 168--179. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. A. Aijaz, M. Dohler, A. H. Aghvami, V. Friderikos, and M. Frodigh. 2017. Realizing the tactile internet: Haptic communications over next generation 5G cellular networks. IEEE Wireless Commun. 24, 2 (2017), 82--89. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  6. M. Alreshoodi and J. Woods. 2013. Survey on QoE QoS correlation models for multimedia services. arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.0221 (2013).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. S. Aroussi and A. Mellouk. 2014. Survey on machine-learning-based QoE-QoS correlation models. In Proceedinsg of the International Conference on Computing, Management and Telecommunications (ComManTel’14). IEEE, 200--204.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. AT8T. 2016. ECOMP (Enhanced Control, Orchestration, Management 8 Policy) Architecture White Paper.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. O. Awobuluyi, J. Nightingale, Q. Wang, and J. M. Alcaraz-Calero. 2015. Video quality in 5G networks: Context-aware QoE management in the SDN control plane. In Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICOM. IEEE, 1657--1662.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. A. Balachandran, V. Sekar, A. Akella, S. Seshan, I. Stoica, and H. Zhang. 2013. Developing a predictive model of quality of experience for internet video. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, Vol. 43. ACM, 339--350. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Y. Bao, H. Wu, and X. Liu. 2017. From prediction to action: Improving user experience with data-driven resource allocation. IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun. 35, 5 (May 2017), 1062--1075.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  12. A. A. Barakabitze, L. Sun, I.-H. Mkwawa, and E. Ifeachor. 2016. A novel QoE-aware SDN-enabled, NFV-based management architecture for future multimedia applications on 5G systems. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’16). Lisbon, Portugal.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  13. S. Baraković and L. Skorin-Kapov. 2013. Survey and challenges of QoE management issues in wireless networks. J. Comput. Networks Commun. 2013 (2013).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. A. Benoit, P. Le Callet, P. Campisi, and R. Cousseau. 2009. Quality assessment of stereoscopic images. EURASIP J. Image Video Process. 2008, 1 (2009), 659024.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. A. Bentaleb, A. C. Begen, and R. Zimmermann. 2016. SDNDASH: Improving QoE of HTTP adaptive streaming using software defined networking. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Multimedia. ACM, 1296--1305. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  16. N. Bouten, S. Latré, J. Famaey, W. Van Leekwijck, and F. De Turck. 2014. In-network quality optimization for adaptive video streaming services. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 16, 8 (Dec. 2014), 2281--2293.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  17. A. Breznick. Feb. 2017. How to Deliver Higher Mobile Video QoE, a Heavy Reading white paper produced for Akamai Technologies Inc. (Feb. 2017).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. F. E. Bustamante, D. Clark, and N. Feamster. 2017. Workshop on tracking quality of experience in the internet: Summary and outcomes. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 47, 1 (2017), 55--60. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  19. P. Casas, B. Gardlo, R. Schatz, and M. Mellia. 2016. An educated guess on QoE in operational networks through large-scale measurements. In Proceedings of the 2016 Workshop on QoE-based Analysis and Management of Data Communication Networks. ACM, 1--6. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  20. P. Casas and R. Schatz. 2014. Quality of experience in cloud services: Survey and measurements. Computer Networks 68 (2014), 149--165.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  21. P. Casas, M. Seufert, F. Wamser, B. Gardlo, A. Sackl, and R. Schatz. 2016. Next to you: Monitoring quality of experience in cellular networks from the end-devices. IEEE Trans. Network Service Manage. 13, 2 (2016), 181--196.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  22. C. Cavaro-Ménard, L. Zhang-Ge, and P. Le Callet. 2013. QoE for telemedicine: Challenges and trends. In SPIE Optical Engineering+ Applications. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 88561A--88561A.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  23. K.-T. Chen, C.-J. Chang, C.-C. Wu, Y.-C. Chang, and C.-L. Lei. 2010. Quadrant of Euphoria: A crowdsourcing platform for QoE assessment. IEEE Network 24, 2 (2010). Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  24. Q. A. Chen and others. 2014. QoE doctor: Diagnosing mobile app QoE with automated UI control and cross-layer analysis. In Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Internet Measurement Conference. ACM, 151--164. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  25. W. Chen, F. Jérôme, M. Barkowsky, and P. Le Callet. 2012. Exploration of quality of experience of stereoscopic images: Binocular depth. In Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Video Processing and Quality Metrics for Consumer Electronics. 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. S. Chikkerur, V. Sundaram, M. Reisslein, and L. J. Karam. 2011. Objective video quality assessment methods: A classification, review, and performance comparison. IEEE Trans. Broadcast. 57, 2 (2011), 165--182.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  27. B.-H. Chu, M.-S. Tsai, and C.-S. Ho. 2007. Toward a hybrid data mining model for customer retention. Knowl.-Based Syst. 20, 8 (2007), 703--718. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  28. L. A. Clark and D. Watson. 1995. Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychol. Assess. 7, 3 (1995), 309.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  29. L. Cui, F. R. Yu, and Q. Yan. 2016. When big data meets software-defined networking: SDN for big data and big data for SDN. IEEE Network 30, 1 (2016), 58--65.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  30. G. Dimopoulos, I. Leontiadis, P. Barlet-Ros, and K. Papagiannaki. 2016. Measuring video QoE from encrypted traffic. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Internet Measurement Conference. ACM, 513--526. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  31. L. Dinh-Xuan, M. Seufert, F. Wamser, and P. Tran-Gia. 2017. Study on the accuracy of QoE monitoring for HTTP adaptive video streaming using VNF. In Proceedings of the 1st IFIP/IEEE International Workshop on QoE Management. IEEE, 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  32. F. Dobrian et al. 2011. Understanding the impact of video quality on user engagement. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, Vol. 41. ACM, 362--373. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  33. O. Dobrijevic, M. Santl, and M. Matijasevic. 2015. Ant colony optimization for QoE-centric flow routing in software-defined networks. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM’15). IEEE, 274--278. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  34. L. Duan, L. Huang, C. Langbort, A. Pozdnukhov, J. Walrand, and L. Zhang. 2017. Human-in-the-loop mobile networks: A survey of recent advancements. IEEE JSAC 35, 4 (2017).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  35. U. Engelke, D. P. Darcy, G. H. Mulliken, S. Bosse, M. G. Martini, S. Arndt, J.-N. Antons, K. Y. Chan, N. Ramzan, and K. Brunnström. 2017. Psychophysiology-based QoE assessment: A survey. IEEE J. Select. Topics Signal Process. 11, 1 (2017), 6--21.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  36. U. Engelke and H.-J. Zepernick. 2007. Perceptual-based quality metrics for image and video services: A survey. In Proceedings of the 3rd EuroNGI Conference on Next Generation Internet Networks. IEEE, 190--197.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  37. J. B. Ernst, S. C. Kremer, and J. J. Rodrigues. 2014. A survey of QoS/QoE mechanisms in heterogeneous wireless networks. Phys. Commun. 13, PB (Dec. 2014), 61--72. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  38. ETSI. 2014. NFV MANO—Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Management and Orchestration, v1.1.1. (2014).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  39. ETSI. 2014. Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); Quality of Experience: A Monitoring Architecture, ETSI TS 103 294, V1.1.1. (Dec. 2014).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  40. M. Fiedler and T. Hoßfeld. 2010. Quality of experience-related differential equations and provisioning-delivery hysteresis. In Proceedings of the 21st ITC Specialist Seminar on Multimedia Applications-Traffic, Performance and QoE. IEICE.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  41. M. Fiedler, T. Hoßfeld, and P. Tran-Gia. 2010. A generic quantitative relationship between quality of experience and quality of service. IEEE Network 24, 2 (2010). Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  42. A. Floris, A. Ahmad, and L. Atzori. 2017. OTT-ISP joint service management: A customer lifetime value-based approach. In Proceedings of the 1st IFIP/IEEE International Workshop on QoE-Management.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  43. M. Gandy, R. Catrambone, B. MacIntyre, C. Alvarez, E. Eiriksdottir, M. Hilimire, B. Davidson, and A. C. McLaughlin. 2010. Experiences with an AR evaluation test bed: Presence, performance, and physiological measurement. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality. 127--136.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  44. A. Ganjam, V. Sekar, and H. Zhang. 2016. In-situ quality of experience monitoring: The case for prioritizing coverage over fidelity. White-paper submission, CMU/Conviva (2016), 2.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  45. M.-N. Garcia, F. De Simone, S. Tavakoli, N. Staelens, S. Egger, K. Brunnström, and A. Raake. 2014. Quality of experience and HTTP adaptive streaming: A review of subjective studies. In Proceedings of the 2014 6th International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’14). IEEE, 141--146.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  46. B. Gardlo, S. Egger, and T. Hoßfeld. 2015. Do scale-design and training matter for video QoE assessments through crowdsourcing? In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Crowdsourcing for Multimedia. ACM, 15--20. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  47. C. Ge, N. Wang, S. Skillman, G. Foster, and Y. Cao. 2016. QoE-driven DASH video caching and adaptation at 5G mobile edge. In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Information-Centric Networking. ACM, 237--242. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  48. G. Ghinea and O. A. Ademoye. 2010. Perceived synchronization of olfactory multimedia. IEEE Transactions on Syst. Man Cybernet.—Part A: Syst. Hum. 40, 4 (July 2010), 657--663. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  49. G. Ghinea, C. Timmerer, W. Lin, and S. R. Gulliver. 2014. Mulsemedia: State of the art, perspectives, and challenges. ACM TOMM 11, 1s, Article 17 (Oct. 2014), 23 pages. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  50. U. Goel, M. P. Wittie, K. C. Claffy, and A. Le. 2016. Survey of end-to-end mobile network measurement testbeds, tools, and services. IEEE Commun. Surveys Tutor. 18, 1 (2016), 105--123.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  51. J. Gupchup, Y. Hosseinkashi, M. Ellis, S. Johnson, and R. Cutler. 2017. Analysis of problem tokens to rank factors impacting quality in VoIP applications. In Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’17). IEEE, 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  52. R. Gupta, S. Arndt, J.-N. Antons, R. Schleicher, S. Möller, and T. H. Falk. 2013. Neurophysiological experimental facility for quality of experience (QoE) assessment. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM’13). IEEE, 1300--1305.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  53. R. Gupta, H. J. Banville, and T. H. Falk. 2017. Multimodal physiological quality-of-experience assessment of text-to-speech systems. IEEE J. Select. Top. Signal Process. 11, 1 (2017), 22--36.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  54. J. Hadden, A. Tiwari, R. Roy, and D. Ruta. 2007. Computer assisted customer churn management: State-of-the-art and future trends. Comput. Oper. Res. 34, 10 (2007), 2902--2917. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  55. A. Hamam, A. E. Saddik, and J. Alja’am. 2014. A quality of experience model for haptic virtual environments. ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl. 10, 3, Article 28 (April 2014), 23 pages. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  56. B. Han, V. Gopalakrishnan, L. Ji, and S. Lee. 2015. Network function virtualization: Challenges and opportunities for innovations. IEEE Commun. Mag. 53, 2 (2015), 90--97.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  57. Heavy Reading, S. O’Boyle, and Scott Sumner. Nov. 2016. Webinar: The Future of QoE Monitoring in Virtualized Networks. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MFSlEOiqvo.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  58. P. E. Heegaard, G. Biczok, and L. Toka. 2016. Sharing is power: Incentives for information exchange in multi-operator service delivery. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM). 1--7.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  59. C. T. Hewage and M. G. Martini. 2013. Quality of experience for 3d video streaming. IEEE Commun. Mag. 51, 5 (2013), 101--107.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  60. T. Hoßfeld, S. Biedermann, R. Schatz, A. Platzer, S. Egger, and M. Fiedler. 2011. The memory effect and its implications on web QoE modeling. In Proceedings of the 23rd International Teletraffic Congress (ITC’11). IEEE, 103--110. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  61. T. Hoßfeld, M. Fiedler, and T. Zinner. 2011. The QoE provisioning-delivery-hysteresis and its importance for service provisioning in the future internet. In Proceedings of the 7th EURO-NGI Conference on Next Generation Internet (NGI’11). IEEE, 1--8.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  62. T. Hoßfeld, M. Hirth, P. Korshunov, P. Hanhart, B. Gardlo, C. Keimel, and C. Timmerer. 2014. Survey of web-based crowdsourcing frameworks for subjective quality assessment. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE 16th International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP’14). 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  63. T. Hoßfeld, C. Keimel, M. Hirth, B. Gardlo, J. Habigt, K. Diepold, and P. Tran-Gia. 2014. Best practices for QoE crowdtesting: QoE assessment with crowdsourcing. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 16, 2 (2014), 541--558. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  64. T. Hoßfeld, C. Moldovan, and C. Schwartz. 2015. To each according to his needs: Dimensioning video buffer for specific user profiles and behavior. In Proceedings of the 2015 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM’15).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  65. T. Hoßfeld, R. Schatz, M. Varela, and C. Timmerer. 2012. Challenges of QoE management for cloud applications. IEEE Commun. Mag. 50, 4 (2012).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  66. T. Hoßfeld, L. Skorin-Kapov, Y. Haddad, P. Pocta, V. A. Siris, A. Zgank, and H. Melvin. 2015. Can context monitoring improve QoE? A case study of video flash crowds in the internet of services. In Proceedings of the 2015 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM’15). 1274--1277.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  67. Y. C. Hu, M. Patel, D. Sabella, N. Sprecher, and V. Young. 2015. Mobile edge computing—A key technology toward 5G. ETSI White Paper 11, 11 (2015), 1--16.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  68. International Telecommunication Union. 2016. ITU-T Recommendation P.1203: Parametric Bitstream-based Quality Assessment of Progressive Download and Adaptive Audiovisual Streaming Services Over Reliable Transport. Technical Report.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  69. K. Ivesic, L. Skorin-Kapov, and M. Matijasevic. 2014. Cross-layer QoE-driven admission control and resource allocation for adaptive multimedia services in LTE. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 46 (2014), 336--351. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  70. L. Jalal and M. Murroni. 2017. A nonlinear quality of experience model for high dynamic spatio-temporal mulsemedia. In Proceedings of the 2017 9th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’17). IEEE, 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  71. M. Jarschel, F. Wamser, T. Hohn, T. Zinner, and P. Tran-Gia. 2013. SDN-based application-aware networking on the example of youtube video streaming. In Proceedings of the 2013 2nd European Workshop on SDN (EWSDN’13). IEEE, 87--92. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  72. J. Jiang, S. Sun, V. Sekar, and H. Zhang. 2017. Pytheas: Enabling data-driven quality of experience optimization using group-based exploration-exploitation. In Proceedings of the14th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  73. A. Kassler, L. Skorin-Kapov, O. Dobrijevic, M. Matijasevic, and P. Dely. 2012. Towards QoE-driven multimedia service negotiation and path optimization with software defined networking. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM’12). IEEE, 1--5.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  74. M. Katsarakis, R. Teixeira, M. Papadopouli, and V. Christophides. 2016. Towards a causal analysis of video QoE from network and application QoS. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on QoE-based Analysis and Management of Data Communication Networks (Internet-QoE’16). ACM, 1--6. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  75. N. Khan and M. G. Martini. 2016. QoE-driven multi-user scheduling and rate adaptation with reduced cross-layer signaling for scalable video streaming over LTE wireless systems. EURASIP J. Wireless Commun. Network. 2016, 1 (2016), 93.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  76. C. Kim, A. Sivaraman, N. Katta, A. Bas, A. Dixit, and L. J. Wobker. 2015. In-band network telemetry via programmable dataplanes. In Proceedings of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication (SIGCOMM’15).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  77. E. Kroupi, P. Hanhart, J.-S. Lee, M. Rerabek, and T. Ebrahimi. 2014. EEG correlates during video quality perception. In Proceedings of the 22nd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO’14). IEEE, 2135--2139.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  78. P. Le Callet, S. Möller, and A. Perkis. 2013. Qualinet White Paper on Definitions of Quality of Experience. Technical Report Version 1.2. European Network on Quality of Experience in Multimedia Systems and Services.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  79. P. R. Lebreton, T. Mäki, E. Skodras, I. Hupont, and M. Hirth. 2015. Bridging the gap between eye tracking and crowdsourcing. In SPIE/IS8T Electronic Imaging. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 93940W--93940W.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  80. J.-S. Lee. 2014. On designing paired comparison experiments for subjective multimedia quality assessment. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 16, 2 (2014), 564--571. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  81. E. Liotou, G. Tseliou, K. Samdanis, D. Tsolkas, F. Adelantado, and C. Verikoukis. 2015. An SDN QoE-service for dynamically enhancing the performance of OTT applications. In Proceedings of the 2015 7th International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’15). 1--2.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  82. E. Liotou, D. Tsolkas, and N. Passas. 2016. A roadmap on QoE metrics and models. In Proceedings of the 2016 23rd International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT’16). IEEE, 1--5.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  83. C. Z. Liu and M. Kavakli. 2016. Data-aware QoE-QoS management. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 11th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA’16). IEEE, 1818--1823.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  84. E. Maggioni, E. Agostinelli, and M. Obrist. 2017. Measuring the added value of haptic feedback. In Proceedings of the 2017 9th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’17). IEEE, 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  85. T. Mäki, P. Zwickl, and M. Varela. 2016. Network quality differentiation: Regional effects, market entrance, and empirical testability. In Proceedings of the 2016 International Federation for Information Processing Networking Conference and Workshops. 476--484.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  86. M. G. Martini, C. W. Chen, Z. Chen, T. Dagiuklas, L. Sun, and X. Zhu. 2012. Guest editorial QoE-aware wireless multimedia systems. IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun. 30, 7 (2012), 1153--1156.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  87. A. M. Medhat, T. Taleb, A. Elmangoush, G. A. Carella, S. Covaci, and T. Magedanz. 2017. Service function chaining in next generation networks: State of the art and research challenges. IEEE Commun. Mag. 55, 2 (2017), 216--223. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  88. V. Menkovski, G. Exarchakos, and A. Liotta. 2011. Tackling the sheer scale of subjective QoE. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Multimedia Communications. Springer, 1--15.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  89. V. Menkovski and A. Liotta. 2012. Adaptive psychometric scaling for video quality assessment. Signal Process.: Image Commun. 27, 8 (2012), 788--799. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  90. K. Mitra, A. Zaslavsky, and C. Åhlund. 2015. Context-aware QoE modelling, measurement, and prediction in mobile computing systems. IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput. 14, 5 (2015), 920--936.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  91. H. Moens and F. De Turck. 2014. VNF-P: A model for efficient placement of virtualized network functions. In Proceedings of the 2014 10th International. Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM’14). IEEE, 418--423.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  92. S. Möller, M. Wältermann, and M.-N. Garcia. 2014. Features of quality of experience. In Quality of Experience. Springer, 73--84.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  93. N. Murray, O. A. Ademoye, G. Ghinea, Y. Qiao, G.-M. Muntean, and B. Lee. 2017. Olfactory-enhanced multimedia video clips datasets. In Proceedings of the 2017 9th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’17). IEEE, 1--5.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  94. N. Murray, Y. Qiao, B. Lee, A. K. Karunakar, and G.-M. Muntean. 2013. Subjective evaluation of olfactory and visual media synchronization. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys’13). ACM, 162--171. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  95. H. Nam, K.-H. Kim, D. Calin, and H. Schulzrinne. 2014. Youslow: A performance analysis tool for adaptive bitrate video streaming. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, Vol. 44. ACM, 111--112. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  96. H. Nam, K.-H. Kim, J. Y. Kim, and H. Schulzrinne. 2014. Towards QoE-aware video streaming using SDN. In Proceedings of the Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM’14). IEEE, 1317--1322.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  97. I. Orsolic, D. Pevec, M. Suznjevic, and L. Skorin-Kapov. 2017. A machine-learning approach to classifying YouTube QoE based on encrypted network traffic. Multimedia Tools Appl. 1--35. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  98. B. Osting, J. Xiong, Q. Xu, and Y. Yao. 2016. Analysis of crowdsourced sampling strategies for hodgerank with sparse random graphs. Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 41, 2 (2016), 540--560.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  99. M. Pallot, R. Eynard, B. Poussard, O. Christmann, and S. Richir. 2013. Augmented sport : Exploring collective user experience. In Proceedings of the Virtual Reality International Conference (VRIC’13). Laval, France, 1--10. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  100. S. Peng and others. 2017. QoE-oriented mobile edge service management leveraging SDN and NFV. Mobile Info. Syst. 2017.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  101. D. Perritaz, C. Salzmann, and D. Gillet. 2009. Quality of experience for adaptation in augmented reality. In Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. 888--893. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  102. J. Puig, A. Perkis, F. Lindseth, and T. Ebrahimi. 2012. Towards an efficient methodology for evaluation of quality of experience in augmented reality. In Proceedings of the 2012 4th International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience. 188--193.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  103. Q. M. Qadir, A. A. Kist, and Z. Zhang. 2015. Mechanisms for QoE optimisation of video traffic: A review paper. Australasian J. Info., Commun. Technol. Appl. 1 (2015). Issue 1.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  104. R. Rawassizadeh, B. A. Price, and M. Petre. 2015. Wearables: Has the age of smartwatches finally arrived? Commun. ACM 58, 1 (2015), 45--47. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  105. J. Redi, E. Siahaan, P. Korshunov, J. Habigt, and T. Hoßfeld. 2015. When the crowd challenges the lab: Lessons learnt from subjective studies on image aesthetic appeal. In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Crowdsourcing for Multimedia. ACM, 33--38. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  106. P. Reichl, S. Egger, S. Möller, K. Kilkki, M. Fiedler, T. Hoßfeld, C. Tsiaras, and A. Asrese. 2015. Towards a comprehensive framework for QoE and user behavior modelling. In Proceedings of the 2015 7th International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’15). IEEE, 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  107. P. Reichl, S. Egger, R. Schatz, and A. D’Alconzo. 2010. The logarithmic nature of QoE and the role of the Weber-Fechner law in QoE assessment. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC’10). IEEE, 1--5.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  108. P. Reichl, P. Maillé, P. Zwickl, and A. Sackl. 2013. A fixed-point model for QoE-based charging. In Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Human-centric Multimedia Networking. ACM, 33--38. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  109. U. Reiter, K. Brunnström, K. De Moor, M.-C. Larabi, M. Pereira, A. Pinheiro, J. You, and A. Zgank. 2014. Factors influencing quality of experience. In Quality of Experience. Springer, 55--72.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  110. W. Robitza, A. Ahmad, P. A. Kara, L. Atzori, M. G. Martini, A. Raake, and L. Sun. 2017. Challenges of future multimedia QoE monitoring for internet service providers. Multimedia Tools Appl. (2017), 1--24. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  111. W. Robitza, S. Schönfellner, and A. Raake. 2016. A theoretical approach to the formation of quality of experience and user behavior in multimedia services. In Proceedings of the 5th ISCA/DEGA Workshop on Perceptual Quality of Systems. 39--43.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  112. D. Z. Rodríguez, R. L. Rosa, E. A. Costa, J. Abrahão, and G. Bressan. 2014. Video quality assessment in video streaming services considering user preference for video content. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 60, 3 (2014), 436--444.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  113. G. Rubino. 2005. Quantifying the quality of audio and video transmissions over the internet: The PSQA approach. Design and Operations of Communication Networks: A Review of Wired and Wireless Modeling and Management Challenges. Imperial College Press, London (2005).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  114. G. Rubino, P. Tirilly, and M. Varela. 2006. Evaluating users’ satisfaction in packet networks using random neural networks. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks. Springer, 303--312. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  115. R. Schatz, M. Fiedler, and L. Skorin-Kapov. 2014. QoE-Based Network and Application Management, in Quality of Experience: Advanced Concepts, Applications and Methods. Springer International Publishing, 411--426.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  116. R. Schatz, T. Hoßfeld, L. Janowski, and S. Egger. 2013. From packets to people: Quality of experience as a new measurement challenge. In Data Traffic Monitoring and Analysis. Springer, 219--263. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  117. R. Schatz, A. Sackl, C. Timmerer, and B. Gardlo. 2017. Towards subjective quality of experience assessment for omnidirectional video streaming. In 2017 9th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’17). IEEE, 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  118. S. Schwarzmann, T. Zinner, and O. Dobrijevic. 2016. Towards a framework for comparing application-network interaction mechanisms. In Proceedings of the 28th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC’16), Vol. 3. IEEE, 13--18.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  119. S. Schwarzmann, T. Zinner, and O. Dobrijevic. 2017. Quantitative comparison of application--network interaction: A case study of adaptive video streaming. Qual. User Exper. 2, 1 (2017), 7.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  120. B. Settles. 2010. Active learning literature survey. Computer Sciences Technical Report 1648, University of Wisconsin-Madison.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  121. M. Seufert, S. Egger, M. Slanina, T. Zinner, T. Hoßfeld, and P. Tran-Gia. 2015. A survey on quality of experience of HTTP adaptive streaming. IEEE Commun. Surveys Tutor. 17, 1 (2015), 469--492.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  122. M. Seufert and T. Hoßfeld. 2016. One shot crowdtesting: Approaching the extremes of crowdsourced subjective quality testing. In Proceedings of the 5th ISCA/DEGA Workshop on Perceptual Quality of Systems (PQS’16). 122--126.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  123. M. Seufert, N. Wehner, F. Wamser, P. Casas, A. D’Alconzo, and P. Tran-Gia. 2017. Unsupervised QoE field study for mobile YouTube video streaming with YoMoApp. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’17).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  124. M. Seufert, O. Zach, T. Hoßfeld, M. Slanina, and P. Tran-Gia. 2016. Impact of test condition selection in adaptive crowdsourcing studies on subjective quality. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX’16). IEEE.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  125. M. Z. Shafiq. 2015. Tracking mobile video QoE in the encrypted internet. White-paper, University of Iowa (2015).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  126. M. Z. Shafiq, J. Erman, L. Ji, A. X. Liu, J. Pang, and J. Wang. 2014. Understanding the impact of network dynamics on mobile video user engagement. In ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review, Vol. 42. ACM, 367--379. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  127. L. Skorin-Kapov and M. Varela. 2012. A multi-dimensional view of QoE: The ARCU model. In Proceedings of the 35th International MIPRO Convention. IEEE, 662--666.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  128. I. Sousa, M. P. Queluz, and A. Rodrigues. 2017. A survey on QoE-oriented wireless resources scheduling. CoRR abs/1705.07839 (2017).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  129. W. Stallings. 2015. Foundations of Modern Networking: SDN, NFV, QoE, IoT, and Cloud. Addison-Wesley Professional.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  130. Y. Sulema. 2016. Mulsemedia vs. multimedia: State of the art and future trends. In Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP’16). IEEE, 1--5.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  131. The 5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership. 5G Vision Brochure (Feb. 2015).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  132. C. Timmerer and B. Rainer. 2014. The social multimedia experience. Computer 47, 3 (2014), 67--69. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  133. C. Timmerer, M. Waltl, B. Rainer, and N. Murray. 2014. Sensory Experience: Quality of Experience Beyond Audio-Visual. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 351--365.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  134. C. Tselios and G. Tsolis. 2016. On QoE-awareness through virtualized probes in 5G networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE 21st International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks. IEEE, 159--164.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  135. D. Tsolkas, E. Liotou, N. Passas, and L. Merakos. 2017. A survey on parametric QoE estimation for popular services. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 77 (2017), 1--17. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  136. M. Varela, T. Mäki, L. Skorin-Kapov, and T. Hoßfeld. 2013. Increasing payments in crowdsourcing: Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth! In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Perceptual Quality of Systems (PQS’13). Vienna, Austria.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  137. M. Varela, P. Zwickl, P. Reichl, M. Xie, and H. Schulzrinne. 2015. From service level agreements (SLA) to experience level agreements (ELA): The challenges of selling QoE to the user. In Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Workshop (ICCW’15). IEEE, 1741--1746.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  138. Verizon, Cisco, Ericsson, HPE, Nokia, Intel, R. Hat, and Samsung. 2016. SDN-NFV Reference Architecture v1.0. (2016).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  139. F. Wamser, M. Seufert, P. Casas, R. Irmer, P. Tran-Gia, and R. Schatz. 2015. YoMoApp: A tool for analyzing QoE of YouTube HTTP adaptive streaming in mobile networks. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC’15). IEEE, 239--243.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  140. Y. Wang, P. Li, L. Jiao, Z. Su, N. Cheng, X. S. Shen, and P. Zhang. 2017. A data-driven architecture for personalized QoE management in 5G wireless networks. IEEE Wireless Commun. 24, 1 (2017), 102--110. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  141. M. K. Weldon. 2016. The Future X Network: A Bell Labs Perspective. CRC Press. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  142. C.-C. Wu, K.-T. Chen, Y.-C. Chang, and C.-L. Lei. 2013. Crowdsourcing multimedia QoE evaluation: A trusted framework. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 15, 5 (2013), 1121--1137. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  143. W. Wu, A. Arefin, Z. Huang, P. Agarwal, S. Shi, R. Rivas, and K. Nahrstedt. 2010. “I’m the Jedi&excel;” - A case study of user experience in 3d tele-immersive gaming. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia. 220--227. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  144. L. Xing, J. You, T. Ebrahimi, and A. Perkis. 2010. Estimating quality of experience on stereoscopic images. In Proceedings of the 2010 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS’10). IEEE, 1--4.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  145. P. Ye and D. Doermann. 2014. Active sampling for subjective image quality assessment. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 4249--4256. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  146. Y. B. Youssef, A. Mellouk, M. Afif, and S. Tabbane. 2016. Video quality assessment based on statistical selection approach for QoE factors dependency. In Proceedings of the Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM’16). IEEE, 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  147. Z. Yuan, S. Chen, G. Ghinea, and G.-M. Muntean. 2014. User quality of experience of multimedia applications. ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl. 11, 1s, Article 15 (Oct. 2014), 19 pages. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  148. Z. Yuan, G. Ghinea, and G.-M. Muntean. 2014. Quality of experience study for multiple sensorial media delivery. In Proceedings of the 2014 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC’14). 1142--1146.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  149. T. Zhao, Q. Liu, and C. W. Chen. 2017. QoE in video transmission: A user experience-driven strategy. IEEE Commun. Surveys Tutor. (2017), 285--302.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  150. K. Zheng, Z. Yang, K. Zhang, P. Chatzimisios, K. Yang, and W. Xiang. 2016. Big data-driven optimization for mobile networks toward 5G. IEEE Network 30, 1 (2016), 44--51.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  151. T. Zinner, M. Jarschel, A. Blenk, F. Wamser, and W. Kellerer. 2014. Dynamic application-aware resource management using software-defined networking: Implementation prospects and challenges. In Proceedings of the IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS’14). 1--6.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. A Survey of Emerging Concepts and Challenges for QoE Management of Multimedia Services

          Recommendations

          Comments

          Login options

          Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

          Sign in

          Full Access

          • Published in

            cover image ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications
            ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications  Volume 14, Issue 2s
            April 2018
            287 pages
            ISSN:1551-6857
            EISSN:1551-6865
            DOI:10.1145/3210485
            Issue’s Table of Contents

            Copyright © 2018 ACM

            Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

            Publisher

            Association for Computing Machinery

            New York, NY, United States

            Publication History

            • Published: 22 May 2018
            • Accepted: 1 December 2017
            • Revised: 1 September 2017
            • Received: 1 June 2017
            Published in tomm Volume 14, Issue 2s

            Permissions

            Request permissions about this article.

            Request Permissions

            Check for updates

            Qualifiers

            • research-article
            • Research
            • Refereed

          PDF Format

          View or Download as a PDF file.

          PDF

          eReader

          View online with eReader.

          eReader