Marisol Wong-Villacres
Arkadeep Kumar
Neha Kumar
ABSTRACT
In response to the recent call for a more intersectionally-aware field of human-computer interaction (HCI), we aim to operationalize intersectionality for technology design in HCI. We develop our lens of intersectionality by drawing on the work of Rita Kaur Dhamoon, and use it to analyze data collected from a multi-sited ethnographic study of seven low-resource learning environments in the Indian states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. Our research contributions are threefold. First, we extend conversations in Intersectional HCI by expanding its scope from understanding users to recognizing social processes. Second, we emphasize the importance of factoring in both penalties and privileges when conducting research in underserved contexts. Finally, we engage situated comparisons as a methodology to identify pathways for designing interactive systems across intersectionally diverse environments.
- 2015. Engineering lesson 1: Boys shouldn't speak to girls. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ Engineering-lesson-1-Boys-shouldnt-speak-to-girls/ articleshow/21010464.cms. (2015).Google Scholar
- Antwi A Akom, Julio Cammarota, and Shawn Ginwright. 2008. Youthtopias: Towards a new paradigm of critical youth studies. Youth Media Reporter 2, 4 (2008), 1--30.Google Scholar
- Meryl Alper, Vikki S Katz, and Lynn Schofield Clark. 2016. Researching children, intersectionality, and diversity in the digital age. Journal of Children and Media 10, 1 (2016), 107--114.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Saleema Amershi, Meredith Ringel Morris, Neema Moraveji, Ravin Balakrishnan, and Kentaro Toyama. 2010. Multiple mouse text entry for single-display groupware. In Proceedings of the 2010 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work. ACM, 169--178. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Payal Arora. 2010. Hope-in-the-Wall? A digital promise for free learning. British Journal of Educational Technology 41, 5 (2010), 689--702.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Shaowen Bardzell. 2010. Feminist HCI: taking stock and outlining an agenda for design. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. ACM, 1301--1310. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Angela Calabrese Barton, Edna Tan, and Day Greenberg. 2016. The makerspace movement: Sites of possibilities for equitable opportunities to engage underrepresented youth in STEM. Teachers College Record (2016).Google Scholar
- Bryan Berrett, Jennifer Murphy, and Jamie Sullivan. 2012. Administrator insights and reflections: Technology integration in schools. The Qualitative Report 17, 1 (2012), 200.Google Scholar
- Lindsay Blackwell, Jill Dimond, Sarita Schoenebeck, and Cliff Lampe. 2017. Classification and Its Consequences for Online Harassment: Design Insights from HeartMob. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 1, CSCW, Article 24 (Dec. 2017), 19 pages. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Geoffrey C Bowker and Susan Leigh Star. 2000. Sorting things out: Classification and its consequences. MIT press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Avtar Brah and Ann Phoenix. 2004. Ain't IA woman? Revisiting intersectionality. Journal of international women's studies 5, 3 (2004), 75--86.Google Scholar
- Cynthia Breazeal, Robin Morris, Stephanie Gottwald, Tinsley Galyean, and Maryanne Wolf. 2016. Mobile Devices for Early Literacy Intervention and Research with Global Reach. In Proceedings of the Third (2016) ACM Conference on Learning@ Scale. ACM, 11--20. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Samantha Breslin and Bimlesh Wadhwa. 2014. EnGendering Design: Implementing Interdisciplinarity. (2014).Google Scholar
- Wendy Brown. 2008. The impossibility of women's studies. Women's Studies on the Edge (2008), 17--38.Google Scholar
- Gustavo Perez Carre ´ on, Corey Drake, and ´ Angela Calabrese Barton. 2005. The importance of presence: Immigrant parents' school engagement experiences. American Educational Research Journal 42, 3 (2005), 465--498.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ruy Cervantes, Mark Warschauer, Bonnie Nardi, and Nithya Sambasivan. 2011. Infrastructures for low-cost laptop use in Mexican schools. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 945--954. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Rakesh K Chadda and Koushik Sinha Deb. 2013. Indian family systems, collectivistic society and psychotherapy. Indian Journal of Psychiatry 55, Suppl 2 (2013), S299.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Malolan Chetlur, Ashay Tamhane, Vinay Kumar Reddy, Bikram Sengupta, Mohit Jain, Pongsakorn Sukjunnimit, and Ramrao Wagh. 2014. Edupal: Enabling blended learning in resource constrained environments. In Proceedings of the Fifth ACM Symposium on Computing for Development. ACM, 73--82. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Patricia Hill Collins. 2002. Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. Routledge.Google Scholar
- Regin Joy Conejar, Haeng-Kon Kim, and Roger Y Lee. 2016. Opportunities Ahead the Future Mobile Learning. In Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing. Springer, 85--96.Google Scholar
- Kimberle Crenshaw. 1989. Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. U. Chi. Legal F. (1989), 139.Google Scholar
- Julian Cristia, Pablo Ibarraran, Santiago Cueto, Ana ´ Santiago, and Eugenio Severin. 2017. Technology and child development: Evidence from the one laptop per child program. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 9, 3 (2017), 295--320.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Andrew Cross, Edward Cutrell, and William Thies. 2012. Low-cost audience polling using computer vision. In Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology. ACM, 45--54. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Larry Cuban and Petar Jandric. 2015. The dubious ´ promise of educational technologies: Historical patterns and future challenges. E-Learning and Digital Media 12, 3--4 (2015), 425--439.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Edward Cutrell, Jacki O'Neill, Srinath Bala, B Nitish, Andrew Cross, Nakull Gupta, Viraj Kumar, and William Thies. 2015. Blended learning in Indian colleges with massively empowered classroom. In Proceedings of the Second (2015) ACM Conference on Learning@ Scale. ACM, 47--56. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kathy Davis. 2008. Intersectionality as buzzword: A sociology of science perspective on what makes a feminist theory successful. Feminist theory 9, 1 (2008), 67--85.Google Scholar
- Rita Dhamoon. 2015. A feminist approach to decolonizing anti-racism: Rethinking transnationalism, intersectionality, and settler colonialism. Feral Feminisms 4 (2015), 20--37.Google Scholar
- Rita Kaur Dhamoon. 2011. Considerations on mainstreaming intersectionality. Political Research Quarterly 64, 1 (2011), 230--243.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Amandeep Dhir, Nahla M Gahwaji, and Gote Nyman. ¨ 2013. The role of the iPad in the hands of the learner. J. UCS 19, 5 (2013), 706--727.Google Scholar
- Conrado I Dotong, Evelyn L De Castro, and Joselito A Dolot. 2016. Barriers for Educational Technology Integration in Contemporary Classroom Environment. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences 3, 2 (2016).Google Scholar
- Sarah Fox, Mariam Asad, Katherine Lo, Jill P Dimond, Lynn S Dombrowski, and Shaowen Bardzell. 2016. Exploring Social Justice, Design, and HCI. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 3293--3300. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sarah Fox, Amanda Menking, Stephanie Steinhardt, Anna Lauren Hoffmann, and Shaowen Bardzell. 2017. Imagining Intersectional Futures: Feminist approaches in CSCW. In Companion of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. ACM, 387--393. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Joseph B Giacquinta, Jo Anne Bauer, and Jane E Levin. 1993. Beyond technology's promise: An examination of children's educational computing at home. Cambridge University Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Javier Gil-Flores, Javier Rodr´guez-Santero, and Juan-Jesus Torres-Gordillo. 2017. Factors that explain ´ the use of ICT in secondary-education classrooms: The role of teacher characteristics and school infrastructure. Computers in Human Behavior 68 (2017), 441--449. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ange-Marie Hancock. 2007. When multiplication doesn't equal quick addition: Examining intersectionality as a research paradigm. Perspectives on politics 5, 1 (2007), 63--79.Google Scholar
- Ange-Marie Hancock. 2013. Empirical intersectionality: a tale of two approaches. UC Irvine L. Rev. 3 (2013), 259.Google Scholar
- David Hankerson, Andrea R Marshall, Jennifer Booker, Houda El Mimouni, Imani Walker, and Jennifer A Rode. 2016. Does Technology Have Race?. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 473--486. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kurtis Heimerl, Janani Vasudev, Kelly G Buchanan, Tapan Parikh, and Eric Brewer. 2010a. A case study on designing interfaces for multiple users in developing regions. In Proceedings of the First ACM Symposium on Computing for Development. ACM, 9. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kurtis Heimerl, Janani Vasudev, Kelly G Buchanan, Tapan Parikh, and Eric Brewer. 2010b. Metamouse: Improving multi-user sharing of existing educational applications. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development. ACM, 19. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lilly Irani, Janet Vertesi, Paul Dourish, Kavita Philip, and Rebecca E Grinter. 2010. Postcolonial computing: a lens on design and development. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. ACM, 1311--1320. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Matthew Kam, Anuj Kumar, Shirley Jain, Akhil Mathur, and John Canny. 2009a. Improving literacy in rural India: Cellphone games in an after-school program. In Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD), 2009 International Conference on. IEEE, 139--149. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Matthew Kam, Akhil Mathur, Anuj Kumar, and John Canny. 2009b. Designing digital games for rural children: a study of traditional village games in India. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. ACM, 31--40. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Naveena Karusala, Aditya Vishwanath, Arkadeep Kumar, Aman Mangal, and Neha Kumar. 2017. Care as a Resource in Underserved Learning Environments. In Proceedings of the ACM on Computer-Supported Collaborative Work, Vol. 1. 1--22.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Vikki S Katz and Carmen Gonzalez. 2016a. Community variations in low-income Latino families' technology adoption and integration. American Behavioral Scientist 60, 1 (2016), 59--80.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Vikki S Katz and Carmen Gonzalez. 2016b. Toward meaningful connectivity: using multilevel communication research to reframe digital inequality. Journal of Communication 66, 2 (2016), 236--249.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Konstantinos Kazakos, Siddhartha Asthana, Madeline Balaam, Mona Duggal, Amey Holden, Limalemla Jamir, Nanda Kishore Kannuri, Saurabh Kumar, Amarendar Reddy Manindla, Subhashini Arcot Manikam, and others. 2016. A Real-Time IVR Platform for Community Radio. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 343--354. Google ScholarDigital Library
- John Kretzmann and John P McKnight. 1996. Assets-based community development. National Civic Review 85, 4 (1996), 23--29.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Anuj Kumar, Anuj Tewari, Geeta Shroff, Deepti Chittamuru, Matthew Kam, and John Canny. 2010. An exploratory study of unsupervised mobile learning in rural India. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 743--752. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Neha Kumar, Trevor Perrier, Michelle Desmond, Kiersten Israel-Ballard, Vikrant Kumar, Sudip Mahapatra, Anil Mishra, Shreya Agarwal, Rikin Gandhi, Pallavi Lal, and others. 2015. Projecting health: Community-led video education for maternal health. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development. ACM, 17. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sonia Livingstone and Monica E Bulger. 2013. A global agenda for children's rights in the digital age. (2013).Google Scholar
- Alice Ludvig. 2006. Differences between women? Intersecting voices in a female narrative. European Journal of Women's Studies 13, 3 (2006), 245--258.Google ScholarCross Ref
- George E Marcus. 1995. Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual review of anthropology 24, 1 (1995), 95--117.Google Scholar
- Alison Mathie and Gord Cunningham. 2005. Who is driving development? Reflections on the transformative potential of asset-based community development. Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d'etudes du d ´ eveloppement ´ 26, 1 (2005), 175--186.Google Scholar
- Mari J Matsuda. 1991. Beside my sister, facing the enemy: Legal theory out of coalition. Stanford Law Review (1991), 1183--1192.Google Scholar
- Leslie McCall. 2005. The complexity of intersectionality. Signs: Journal of women in culture and society 30, 3 (2005), 1771--1800.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sugata Mitra. 2015. Minimally Invasive Education: Pedagogy for Development in a Connected World. In International Perspectives on Home Education. Springer, 254--277.Google Scholar
- Luis C Moll, Cathy Amanti, Deborah Neff, and Norma Gonzalez. 1992. Funds of knowledge for teaching: Using a qualitative approach to connect homes and classrooms. Theory into practice 31, 2 (1992), 132--141.Google Scholar
- Allison J Morgan, Yuvay Meyers Ferguson, and Eileen M Trauth. 2015. Consumer Demographics and Internet Based Health Information Search in the United States: The Intersectionality of Gender, Race, and Class. International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications (IJEHMC) 6, 1 (2015), 58--72. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Preeti Mudliar and Joyojeet Pal. 2013. ICTD in the popular press: media discourse around Aakash, the'world's cheapest tablet'. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development: Full Papers-Volume 1. ACM, 43--54. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bonnie A. Nardi and Vicki L. O'Day. 1999. Information Ecologies: Using Technology with Heart. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jennifer C Nash. 2008. Re-thinking intersectionality. Feminist review 89, 1 (2008), 1--15.Google Scholar
- Joyojeet Pal, Udai Singh Pawar, Eric A Brewer, and Kentaro Toyama. 2006. The case for multi-user design for computer aided learning in developing regions. In Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web. ACM, 781--789. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Seymour Papert and Idit Harel. 1991. Situating constructionism. Constructionism 36, 2 (1991), 1--11.Google Scholar
- Katy E Pearce and Ronald E Rice. 2013. Digital divides from access to activities: Comparing mobile and personal computer Internet users. Journal of Communication 63, 4 (2013), 721--744.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Jahnavi Phalkey and Sumandro Chattapadhyay. 2015. The Aakash tablet and technological imaginaries of mass education in contemporary India. History and Technology 31, 4 (2015), 452--481.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ann Phoenix and Pamela Pattynama. 2006. Intersectionality. (2006).Google Scholar
- Baukje Prins. 2006. Narrative accounts of origins: a blind spot in the intersectional approach? European Journal of Women's Studies 13, 3 (2006), 277--290.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Jayson W Richardson. 2011. Challenges of adopting the use of technology in less developed countries: The case of Cambodia. Comparative Education Review 55, 1 (2011), 008--029.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Nithya Sambasivan, Ed Cutrell, Kentaro Toyama, and Bonnie Nardi. 2010. Intermediated technology use in developing communities. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 2583--2592. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kamalesh Sarkar, Baishali Bal, Rita Mukherjee, Sekhar Chakraborty, Suman Saha, Arundhuti Ghosh, and Scott Parsons. 2008. Sex-trafficking, violence, negotiating skill, and HIV infection in brothel-based sex workers of eastern India, adjoining Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh. Journal of health, population, and nutrition 26, 2 (2008), 223.Google Scholar
- Ari Schlesinger, W Keith Edwards, and Rebecca E Grinter. 2017. Intersectional HCI: Engaging Identity through Gender, Race, and Class. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 5412--5427. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ariel Schwartz, Eva Kaplan, Evviva Weinraub Lajoie, Trey Terrell, and Esther Ajambo. 2015. Using a principal agent model to explain user-centered design challenges for mother tongue reading in Kenya. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development. ACM, 3. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Carly Shuler, Niall Winters, and Mark West. 2013. The future of mobile learning: Implications for policy makers and planners. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (2013), 7--35.Google Scholar
- Kiley Sobel, Julie A Kientz, Tamara L Clegg, Carmen Gonzalez, and Jason C Yip. 2017. Equity & Inclusivity at IDC. In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Interaction Design and Children. ACM, 761--767. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J Michael Spector. 2001. An overview of progress and problems in educational technology. Interactive educational multimedia: IEM 3 (2001), 27--37.Google Scholar
- Roy Steiner and Duncan Hanks. 2016. Digital Green: enabling a collective process of learning in rural development. In Harnessing the Power of Collective Learning. Routledge, 42--56.Google Scholar
- Lucy Suchman. 1994. Speech acts and voices: Response to Winogradet al. Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) 3, 1 (1994), 85--95. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M Sweeney. 2016. The intersectional interface. The intersectional internet: Race, sex, class and culture online (2016), 215--228.Google Scholar
- Jo Tondeur, Johan van Braak, PA Ertmer, and Anne Ottenbreit-Leftwich. 2016. Understanding the relationship between teachers' pedagogical beliefs and technology use in education: A systematic review of qualitative evidence. Educational Technology Research and Development (2016).Google Scholar
- Kentaro Toyama. 2011. Technology as amplifier in international development. In Proceedings of the 2011 iConference. ACM, 75--82. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jan van Akker and Nienke Nieveen. 2017. The Role of Teachers in Design Research in Education. In Making Change Happen. Springer, 75--86.Google Scholar
- Jyoti Verma and Harry C Triandis. 1999. The measurement of collectivism in India.. In International Congress of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology., 14th, Aug, 1998, Western Washington U, Bellingham, WA, US. Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers.Google Scholar
- Mark Warschauer. 2004. Technology and social inclusion: Rethinking the digital divide. MIT press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mark Warschauer. 2006. Laptops and literacy: Learning in the wireless classroom. Teachers College Press.Google Scholar
- Tara J Yosso*. 2005. Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth. Race ethnicity and education 8, 1 (2005), 69--91.Google Scholar
- Nira Yuval-Davis. 2006. Intersectionality and feminist politics. European Journal of Women's Studies 13, 3 (2006), 193--209.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Designing for Intersections
Recommendations
Engaging Solidarity in Data Collection Practices for Community Health
Researchers and practitioners engaged in global health are increasingly turning to data-driven approaches. However, the institutionalized roles and responsibilities---as well as motivations and workflows---of those involved in data collection are not ...
The Unexpected Entry and Exodus of Women in Computing and HCI in India
CHI '18: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsIn India, women represent 45% of total computer science enrollment in universities, almost three times the rate in the United States, where it is 17%. At the same time, women make up an estimated 25-30% of the HCI community in India, half the rate in ...
Bridging Disconnected Knowledges for Community Health
We conducted a field study of Mohalla Clinics in Delhi (India), drawing on Haraway's work to highlight the importance of considering disparate, partial perspectives in the ecologies of such clinics. We emphasized that inadequate attention given to ...
Comments