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A Study of Weathering in a Soil Derived from a Biotite-Hornblende Rock

I. Weathering of Biotite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

M. J. Wilson
M. J. Wilson*
Affiliation:
The Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen
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Abstract

The weathering of biotite in a sedentary soil profile developed on biotitehornblende- rock near Rehiran, Inverness-shire has been investigated by optical, X-ray, chemical, infrared and differential thermal methods. In the C horizon a direct transformation to hydrobiotite was observed. This involves oxidation of all the ferrous iron present and subsequent movement of ferric ions from the octahedral sheet. In the B horizon weathering proceeds to a fully expanded 14A phase and this was identified as interstratified vermiculite-chlorite in a 1:1 ratio. Chemical analysis indicates that this stage is accompanied by a substantial addition of magnesium, much of which goes to form the brucite-like interlayers. In the more acid surface horizon these interlayers tend to break down thus yielding a more vermiculitic product. The possible general implications of this type of biotite weathering are briefly discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , July 1970 , pp. 291 - 303
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1970

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