Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-r6qrq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T04:51:12.679Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Two mixed-layer mica-montmorillonite minerals from sedimentary rocks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

R. J. Gilkes  and
F. Hodson
R. J. Gilkes
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Southampton, Hampshire, England
F. Hodson
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Southampton, Hampshire, England
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two clay deposits, the Stafford Clay marker bed from the Middle Coal Measures of North Staffordshire and the Woolhope Bentonite from the Silurian, Woolhope Limestone near Woolhope in Herefordshire are described. These clays contain mixed-layer clay minerals which have been separated by sedimentation for mineralogical and chemical analysis. Both minerals are shown to be mica-montmorillonites with MacEwan stacking parameters PA = 0·59, PAA = 0·44 and PA = 0·56, PAA = 0·70 respectively. In both cases the average layer charge (1·22 and 1·46) is intermediate between that of montmorillonites and micas but the exchangeable cation layer charge (1·07 and 1·27/montmorillonite layer) and fixed cation layer charge (1·32 and 1·63/mica layer) of the component layers are higher and lower respectively than the normal range of montmorillonites and micas. Some chemical data are given for the raw material which yielded these minerals and for associated and related rocks. In particular K, U and Th determinations permit a discussion of the natural gamma-ray flux which is sufficiently more intense than that of the associ~.ted sediments to permit its detection by scintillation counter in the field.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , July 1971 , pp. 125 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1971

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barnsley, G.B., Clowes, J.M. & Fowler, W. (1966) Geol. Mag., 103, 508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bloxham, T.W. (1962) Journ. sci. Instr., 39, 387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, G. & Weir, A.H. (1963) Proc. Int. Clay Conf. Stockholm (1963) 1, 27.Google Scholar
Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A. & Zussman, J. (1962) Rock Forming Minerals, Longmans, London, Vol. 3.Google Scholar
Earp, J.R. (1961) Bullgeol. Survey Gt. Brit., 17, 153.Google Scholar
Eden, R.A., Elliot, R.W., Eliott, R.E., & Young, B.R. (1963), Geol. Mag., 100, 47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, W. (1955) Sum. Prog. geol. Surv. Gt. Brit, for 1954, 36.Google Scholar
Francis, E.H., Smart, J.G.O. & Raisbeck, D.E. (1968) Proc. Yorks. geol. Soc, 36, 395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilkes, R.J., Reeve, R. & Skemstad, J.O. (1969) Tech. Mem. C.S.I.R.O. Division of Soils, Australia Google Scholar
Heystek, H. (1954) Mineralog. Mag. 30, 400.Google Scholar
Hoare, R.H. (1965) Geol Mag. 102, 347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodson, F. (1967) Proc. Subcommission Carb. Strat. Sheffield, 1965, 117.Google Scholar
Hutton, J.T. (1955) C.S.I.R.O. Division of Soils Divisional Report 11/5.Google Scholar
Jackson, M.L. (1964) Chemistry of the Soil (ed. F. E. Bear), New York, Reinhold.Google Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. (1956) Kolloid Zh. 14b, 96.Google Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. (1958) Kolloid Zh. 156, 61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. (1961) The X-ray Identification and Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals (G. Brown Ed.) Miner. Soc, London, Chap. IV.Google Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. (1968) Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Soil Science Aust. Vol. III, 1.Google Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. & Ruiz Amil, A. (1959) Kolloid Zh. 162, 93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C., Ruiz Amil, A. & Brown, G. (1961) The X-ray Identification and Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals (ed. G. Brown) Miner. Soc. London Chap II.Google Scholar
Nemecz, E., Varju, G. & Barna, J. (1963) Proc. Int. Clay Conf. Pergamon Press, London.Google Scholar
Norrish, K. (1954) Disc. Faraday Soc. 18, 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norrish, K. & Hutton, J.T. (1969) Geochem. cosmochim. Acta 33, 431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oberlin, A. & Merino, J. (1962) Journal de Microscopie 1, 107.Google Scholar
Pocock, R.W. (1940) Proc. geol. Assoc, 51, 52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ponsford, D.R.A. (1955) Bull. geol. Surv. Gt. Brit., 10, 24.Google Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. & Hower, J. (1970) Clays Clay Miner. 18, 25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sato, M. (1965) Nature. Lond. 208, 70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spears, D.A. (1966) Proc. Yorks. geol. Soc 35, 523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spears, D.A. (1970) J. sedim. Petrol, 40, 386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spears, D.A. (1971) Proc. Yorks. geol. Soc, 38, (in press)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Squirrel, H.C. & Tucker, E.V. (1960) Quart. J. geol. Soc, 116, 139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, R. & Spears, D.A. (1970) Inst. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 7, 481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trewin, N.H. (1969) Proc. Yorks. geol. Soc, 37, 73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, G.F. (1961) The X-ray Identification and Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals (G. Brown Ed.) Mineral. Soc. London Chap. VI.Google Scholar
Weaver, C.E. (1956) Am. Miner. 41, 202.Google Scholar
Weir, A.H. (1960) Thesis, University of London.Google Scholar
Williamson, L.A. (1970) Mining. Mag., 122, 119.Google Scholar
Wilson, A.A., Sergeant, G.A., Young, B.R. & Harrison, R.K. (1966) Proc. Yorks. geol. Soc, 35, 421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar