ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Gynecologic cancers are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in women. Each gynecologic cancer is unique, with different signs and symptoms, different risk factors, and different prevention strategies. All women are at risk for gynecologic cancers, and risk increases with age. Uterine cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries. The majority of women with uterine cancer are diagnosed at an early stage because of early signs as uterine bleeding in a postmenopausal woman. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality among the gynecological malignancies, since the majority of ovarian cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Cervical cancer screening and prevention programs have markedly decreased the incidence of the disease, and cervical cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis and cause of death among gynecologic cancers in developed countries. Among all three of these reproductive-system cancers, early detection is crucial. But detection can be very difcult, especially in the early stages. Malignant tumors of the vulva, vagina, and fallopian tube are uncommon. There are several ways to treat gynecologic cancer. The treatment depends on the type of cancer and how far it has spread. If gynecologic cancers are discovered at an early stage, surgery can be curative. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be given postoperatively. A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of gynecologic cancers is necessary.
