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Insights on Oral Drug Delivery of Lipid Nanocarriers: a Win-Win Solution for Augmenting Bioavailability of Antiretroviral Drugs

  • Review Article
  • Theme: Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Strategies for Oral Drug Delivery
  • Published:
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Abstract

The therapeutic functionality of innumerable antiretroviral drugs is supposedly obscured owing to their low metabolic stability in the gastrointestinal tract and poor solubilization property leading to poor oral bioavailability. Dictated by such needs, lipid-based formulations could be tailored using nanotechnology which would be instrumental in ameliorating the attributes of such drugs. The stupendous advantages which lipid nanocarriers offer including improved drug stability and peroral bioavailability coupled with sustained drug release profile and feasibility to incorporate wide array of drugs makes it a potential candidate for pharmaceutical formulations. Furthermore, they also impart targeted drug delivery thereby widening their arena for use. Therefore, the review will encompass the details pertaining to numerous lipid nanocarriers such as nanoemulsion, solid lipid nanoparticle, nanostructured lipid carriers, and so on. These nanocarriers bear the prospective of improving the mucosal adhesion property of the drugs which ultimately upgrades its pharmacokinetic profile. The biodegradable and physiological nature of the lipid excipients used in the formulation is the key parameter and advocates for their safe use. Nevertheless, these lipid-based nanocarriers are amenable to alterations which could be rightly achieved by changing the excipients used or by modifying the process parameters. Thus, the review will systematically envisage the impending benefits and future perspectives of different lipid nanocarriers used in oral delivery of antiretroviral drugs.

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Abbreviations

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

SLN:

Solid lipid nanoparticle

NLC:

Nanostructured lipid carrier

TG:

Triglyceride

SNEDDS:

Self nano emulsifying drug delivery systems

GIT:

Gastrointestinal tract

GI:

Gastrointestinal

HAART:

Highly active antiretroviral treatment

BBB:

Blood–brain barrier

BCB:

Blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India, for providing Jamia Hamdard Silver Jubilee Research Fellowship to the first author.

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  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Bushra Nabi, Saleha Rehman, Sanjula Baboota & Javed Ali

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  1. Bushra Nabi
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Nabi, B., Rehman, S., Baboota, S. et al. Insights on Oral Drug Delivery of Lipid Nanocarriers: a Win-Win Solution for Augmenting Bioavailability of Antiretroviral Drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 20, 60 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-018-1284-9

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