graduate student from 01.01.2013 until now
Saratov, Saratov, Russian Federation
employee from 01.09.2012 to 01.09.2012
Saratov, Saratov, Russian Federation
Tushenie lesnyh pozharov imeet ryad osobennostey pered tusheniem pozharov v promyshlennyh i zhilyh zdaniyah. Oni zaklyuchayutsya v sostave i stroenii lesnyh goryuchih materialov, sposobstvuyuschih obrazovaniyu mnogochislennyh ochagov tleniya i bolee nizkom znachenii pozharnoy nagruzki (3-5 raz) dlya lesnyh pozharov po sravneniyu s tehnogennymi. Eto nakladyvaet ogranicheniya kak na tehnologiyu tusheniya pozhara, tak i na oborudovanie ispol'zuemoe pri tushenii i privodit k neopravdanno vysokomu rashodu vody na tushenie, a takzhe neobhodimosti vvedeniya dopolnitel'nyh operaciy okaraulivaniya i dotushivaniya, chto otvlekaet sily i sredstva tusheniya pozharov ot svoey glavnoy zadachi. V dannoy rabote rassmotren vopros povysheniya effektivnosti tusheniya lesnyh goryuchih materialov s ispol'zovaniem v kachestve ognetushaschego veschestva – gidrogelya, poluchennogo na osnove gidroksida alyuminiya. Issledovaniya ognetushaschey sposobnosti vybrannyh ognetushaschih sostavov provodili po special'noy metodike imitiruyuschey gorenie lesnyh goryuchih materialov. Registraciya effektivnosti ognetusheniya osuschestvlyalas' nablyudeniem chetyreh parametrov: obschego massovogo rashoda ognetushaschego sostava na tushenie, vremya prekrascheniya plamennogo goreniya pri tushenii, kolichestvo operaciy tusheniya, obschee vremya tusheniya pozhara. Issledovana ognetushaschaya sposobnost' rastvorov s razlichnoy koncentraciey gidrogelya na osnove gidroksida alyuminiya v sravnenii s ognetushaschey sposobnost'yu vody. Pokazano, chto nailuchshey ognetushaschey sposobnost'yu obladaet gidrogel' s koncentraciey 52-126 gr./15 kg vody. Krome etogo, dlya sravneniya ognetushaschey sposobnosti gidrogelya primenyali rastvory kal'cinirovannoy sody i sul'fata natriya v vode, kak komponentov ognetushaschego sostava. Ser'eznogo vklada v ognetushenie eti komponenty ne vkladyvayut, poetomu ognetushaschiy effekt polnost'yu obuslovlen gidrogelem na osnove gidroksida alyuminiya. Na osnovanii poluchennyh dannyh opredelen rashod rastvora gidrogelya na osnove gidroksida alyuminiya v sravnenii s vodoy, i naimen'shaya ego koncentraciya, sohranyayuschaya ognetushaschiy effekt, predlozhen veroyatnyy mehanizm ognetushaschego deystviya gidrogelya
lesnye pozhary, stepnye pozhary, nizovye pozhary, tushenie pozharov, gidrogel'
1. Polevoy spravochnik lesnogo pozharnogo [Elektronnyy resurs].- Rezhim dostupa: http://www.forestforum.ru/info/fireman.pdf
2. Spravochnik dobrovol'nogo lesnogo pozharnogo [Elektronnyy resurs].- Rezhim dostupa: https://aviales.ru/files/documents/2013/02/spravochnik.pdf
3. Bobkov S.A. Fiziko-himicheskie osnovy razvitiya i tusheniya pozharov [Tekst] / S.A. Bobkov, A.V. Babu-rin, P.V. Komrakov. - M.: Akademiya GPS MChS Rossii, 2014.- 210 s.
4. Fiziko-himicheskie osnovy razvitiya i tusheniya pozharov [Tekst]: uchebnoe posobie / S.S. Timofeeva, [i dr.].- Irkutsk: Izd-vo IrGTU, 2013.- 178 s.
5. Kopylov N.P. Vliyanie vyazkosti ognetushaschego rastvora na effektivnost' tusheniya lesnyh pozharov s pomosch'yu aviacii [Tekst] / N.P. Kopylov, E.A. Moskvilin, D.V. Fedotkin, P.A. Strizhak // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal.- 2016.- №4.- S.62-67.
6. Lobanov F.I. Primenenie polimernyh materialov dlya povysheniya effektivnosti pozharotusheniya [Tekst] / F.I. Lobanov // Pozharovzryvobezopasnost'.- 2004.- №1.- S.64-69.
7. Intumescent fire protective coating: Toward a better understanding of their mechanism of action [Text] / M. Ji-menez, S. Duquesne, S. Bourbigot // Thermochimica Acta.- 2006.- Vol. 449.- pp. 16-26.
8. Testing the retardancy effect of various inorganic chemicals on smoldering combustion of Pinus halepensis needles [Text] / S. Liodakis, D. Vorisis, I.P. Agiovlasitis // Thermochimica Acta.- 2006-Vol. 444.- pp. 157-165.
9. Ash properties of Pinus halepensis needles treated with diammonium phosphate [Text] / S. Liodakis, G. Katsi-giannis, T. Lymperopoulou // Thermochimica Acta.- 2007.-Vol. 453.- pp. 136-146.
10. Testing the fire retardancy of Greek minerals hydromagnesite and huntite on WUI forest species Phillyrea latifolia L. [Text] / S. Liodakis, I. Antonopoulos, I.P. Agiovlasitis, T. Kakardakis // Thermochimica Acta.- 2008.- Vol.469 .- pp. 43-51.
11. Fire retardancy impact of sodium bicarbonate on ligno-cellulosic materials [Text] / D. Bakirtzis, M.A. Deli-chatsios, S. Liodakis, W. Ahmed // Thermochimica Acta.- 2009.- Vol. 486.- pp. 11-19.
12. Synergistic effect of iron and intumescent flame retardant on shape-stabilized phase change material [Text] / P. Zhang, Y. Hu, L. Song, H. Lu, J. Wang, Q. Liu // Thermochimica Acta.- 2009.- Vol. 487.- pp. 74-79.
13. Flame retardancy mechanisms of bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) in combination with zinc borate in bis-phenol A polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene blends [Text] / K.H. Pawlowski, B. Schartel, M.A. Fichera, C. Joger // Thermochimica Acta.- 2010.- Vol. 498.- pp. 92-99.
14. A novel durable flame-retardant cotton fabric using sodium hypophosphite, nano TiO2 and maleic acid [Text] / F. Lessan, M. Montazer, M.B. Moghadam // Thermochimica Acta.- 2011.- Vol. 520.- pp. 48-54.
15. Synthesis and carbonization chemistry of a phosphorous-nitrogen based intumescent flame retardant [Text] / H. Ma, Z. Fang // Thermochimica Acta.- 2012.- Vol. 543.- pp. 130- 136.
16. The effect of some wood preservatives on the thermal degradation of Scots pine [Text] / E.D. Tomaka, E. Baysal, H. Peker // Thermochimica Acta.- 2012.- Vol. 547.- pp. 76- 82.
17. ATR investigation of the mass residue from the pyrolysis of fire retarded lignocellulosic materials [Text] / D. Bakirtzis, V. Tsapara, S. Liodakis, M.A. Delichatsios // Thermochimica Acta.- 2012.- Vol. 550.- pp. 48- 52.
18. Thermal characterization of new fire-insulating materials from industrial inorganic TiO2 wastes [Text] / S.M. Perez-Moreno, M.J. Gazquez, A.G. Barneto, J.P. Bolivar // Thermochimica Acta.-2013.-Vol.552.-pp.114- 122.
19. Thermal analysis of Pinus sylvestris L. wood samples treated with anew gel-mineral mixture of short- and long-term fire retardants [Text] / S. Liodakis, V. Tsapara, I.P. Agiovlasitis, D. Vorisis // Thermochimica Acta.- 2013.- Vol. 568.- pp. 156- 160.
20. Aluminium diethylphosphinate versus ammonium polyphosphate: Acomprehensive comparison of the chemical interactions duringpyrolysis in flame-retarded polyolefine/poly(phenylene oxide) [Text] / A. Sut, S. Greiser, C. Jager, B. Schartel // Thermochimica Acta.- 2016.- Vol. 640.- pp. 74-84.
21. Stromberg A.G., Semchenko D.L. Fizicheskaya himiya [Tekst]: Ucheb. dlya him. spec. vuzov/Pod red. A.G. Stromberga. - 3-e izd., ispr. i dop. - M.: Vyssh.shk. 1999.- 527 s. il.
22. Vodnyy rastvor dlya tusheniya pozharov [Tekst]: pat. 2275951 Ros. Federaciya: A62D1/00 / Lotov V.A., Smirnov A.P., Lotova L.G.; zayavitel' Gosudarstvennoe obrazovatel'noe uchrezhdenie vysshego professional'-nogo obrazovaniya Tomskiy politehnicheskiy un-t. - № 2004132686/15; zayavl. 09.11.04 ; opubl. 10.05.06, Byul. № 13
23. GOST R 53280.4-2009. Ustanovki pozharotusheniya avtomaticheskie. Ognetushaschie veschestva. Chast' 4. Poroshki ognetushaschie obschego naznacheniya. Obschie tehnicheskie trebovaniya i metody ispytaniy - Vved. 2009-01-01 / M.: Izd-vo standartov, 2008.- 27 s.
24. Spravochnik himika [Tekst]: v 7 t. T. 3 /po red. B.P. Nikol'skogo - L.: Himiya, 1966. - 1143 c.
