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Vermiculitization of Phlogopite in Metagabbro, Central Turkey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Fatma Toksoy-Köksal ,
Asuman G. Türkmenoğlu  and
M. Cemal Göncüoğlu
Fatma Toksoy-Köksal*
Affiliation:
Middle East Technical University, Department of Geological Engineering, 06531, Ankara, Turkey
Asuman G. Türkmenoğlu
Affiliation:
Middle East Technical University, Department of Geological Engineering, 06531, Ankara, Turkey
M. Cemal Göncüoğlu
Affiliation:
Middle East Technical University, Department of Geological Engineering, 06531, Ankara, Turkey
*
E-mail of corresponding author: ftkoksal@metu.edu.tr, ftkoksal@geologist.com
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Abstract

Dioctahedral vermiculite occurs in an isolated metagabbro klippe (Kurançalı Metagabbro) that belongs to the Central Anatolian Ophiolites from central Turkey. Both the metagabbro and the structurally underlying high-grade metamorphic rocks are intruded by granitic rocks. The Kurançalı Metagabbro is characterized by its well-developed compositional layering, and the presence of vermiculitized phlogopiterich layers. Petrographic and mineralogie studies show that the primary mineral phases in the host rock are diopside, tschermakitic hornblende, Fe-rich phlogopite, and plagioclase. Secondary minerals are hornblende, actinolitic hornblende, Fe-rich phlogopite, and vermiculite. A two-phase history of alteration involving acidic weathering and alkaline metasomatism is suggested for the dioctahedral vermiculite and secondary Fe-rich phlogopite, respectively. The alteration of phlogopite to dioctahedral vermiculite proceeded both along cleavage planes and at crystal edges. The vermiculite is colorless to pale yellow with weak pleochroism and shows optical continuity with the parent mineral. Vermiculite flakes, analyzed semi-quantitatively by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive analysis (SEM-EDS) and electron microprobe (EMP), are characterized by partially expanded interlayers, K depletion, and Mg and/or A1 enrichment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis-thermal gravimetric (DTA-TG) analyses indicate that phlogopite is not a pure phase, although it is the dominant one. The XRD patterns show the presence of both dioctahedral vermiculite having dehydrated interlayers and hydroxy-Al interlayers, and interstratified phlogopite-vermiculite. The transformation of phlogopite to vermiculite is thought to represent an initial stage of weathering in an acidic environment.

Keywords

Central Anatolian OphiolitesMetagabbroMineral WeatheringPhlogopiteVermiculite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 49 , Issue 1 , February 2001 , pp. 81 - 91
Copyright
Copyright © 2001, The Clay Minerals Society

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