Katja Rademaker,1
Stephen A. Payne,2
Günter Huber,3
Ludmila I. Isaenko,4
and Eugen Osiac5
1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California 94550, and Institut fuer Laser-Physik, Universitaet Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
2Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California 94550 USA
Katja Rademaker, Stephen A. Payne, Günter Huber, Ludmila I. Isaenko, and Eugen Osiac, "Optical pump-probe processes in Nd3+-doped KPb2Br5, RbPb2Br5, and KPb2Cl5," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 22, 2610-2618 (2005)
Recently, laser activity has been achieved in the low-phonon-energy, moisture-resistant bromide host crystals: neodymium-doped potassium lead bromide and rubidium lead bromide . Laser activity at was observed for both crystalline materials. Laser operation at the new wavelengths of 1.18 and resulting from the transitions ( and ) in was achieved for the first time in a solid-state laser material. We present cw pump–probe spectra and discuss excited-state absorption and reabsorption processes due to the long-lived lower laser levels, as well as possible depopulation mechanisms feasible for more efficient laser operation in these crystals. The bromides are compared with potassium lead chloride .
Katja Rademaker, William F. Krupke, Ralph H. Page, Stephen A. Payne, Klaus Petermann, Guenter Huber, Alexander P. Yelisseyev, Ludmila I. Isaenko, Utpal N. Roy, Arnold Burger, Krishna C. Mandal, and Karel Nitsch J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21(12) 2117-2129 (2004)
Katja Rademaker, Ernst Heumann, Günter Huber, Stephen A. Payne, William F. Krupke, Ludmila I. Isaenko, and Arnold Burger Opt. Lett. 30(7) 729-731 (2005)
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
Calculated Line Strengths S of Induced Electric Dipole (ED) and of Magnetic Dipole (MD) Transitions for Relevant Emission (EM), RA, Bleaching, and ESA Transitions for Nd:KPBa
The electric dipole quantities are calculated with the following Judd–Ofelt parameters: . The magnetic dipole quantities are determined in the intermediate coupling scheme (values are not listed). The effective cross section is calculated by using Eq. (2) in Section 3.
Indicated as the main observed transitions for Nd:KPB in Fig. 4.
Not clear why these transitions are not observed.
Table 2
Calculated Line Strengths S of Induced Electric Dipole (ED) and of Magnetic Dipole (MD) Transitions for Relevant Emission (EM), RA, Bleaching, ESA Transitions for Nd:RPBa
The electric dipole quantities are calculated with the following Judd–Ofelt parameters: . The magnetic dipole quantities are determined in the intermediate coupling scheme (values are not listed). The effective cross section is calculated by using Eq. (2) in Section 3.
Indicated as the main observed transitions for Nd:RPB in Fig. 5.
Not clear why these transitions are not observed.
Table 3
Calculated Radiative and Measured Lifetimes for the Initial Level J of the Relevant Emission, RA, CR, and ESA Processes for Nd:KPB and Nd:RPBa
For comparison, lifetimes of Nd:KPC are given.
After Hoemmerich et al..15 Nd concentration .
Determined by using Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters of Nd:KPC16.
After Jenkins et al..17 Variation of Nd concentration is .
Measured by exciting the level and detecting at ; Nd concentration . determined by assuming statistically distributed populations using the high-temperature limit . determined by assuming statistically distributed populations using crystal field level energies of Nd:KPB.
Table 4
Calculated Line Strengths S of Induced Electric Dipole (ED) and of Magnetic Dipole (MD) Transitions for Nd:KPB and Nd:RPBa
λ
Transition
Nd:KPB
CR1
{
5.07
1.79
5.31
2.10
CR2
{
2.49
1.31
0.72
2.59
1.44
1.22
CR3
{
4.88
1.69
5.07
2.09
CR4
{
4.88
1.69
5.31
2.10
Nd:RPB
CR1
{
5.07
1.55
5.31
1.80
CR2
{
2.49
1.17
0.61
2.59
1.29
1.02
CR3
{
4.88
1.45
5.07
1.80
CR4
{
4.88
1.45
5.31
1.80
CR depopulates the lower long-lived laser levels ( and ). The integrated cross section of Nd:KPB are slightly higher than for Nd:RPB.
Tables (4)
Table 1
Calculated Line Strengths S of Induced Electric Dipole (ED) and of Magnetic Dipole (MD) Transitions for Relevant Emission (EM), RA, Bleaching, and ESA Transitions for Nd:KPBa
The electric dipole quantities are calculated with the following Judd–Ofelt parameters: . The magnetic dipole quantities are determined in the intermediate coupling scheme (values are not listed). The effective cross section is calculated by using Eq. (2) in Section 3.
Indicated as the main observed transitions for Nd:KPB in Fig. 4.
Not clear why these transitions are not observed.
Table 2
Calculated Line Strengths S of Induced Electric Dipole (ED) and of Magnetic Dipole (MD) Transitions for Relevant Emission (EM), RA, Bleaching, ESA Transitions for Nd:RPBa
The electric dipole quantities are calculated with the following Judd–Ofelt parameters: . The magnetic dipole quantities are determined in the intermediate coupling scheme (values are not listed). The effective cross section is calculated by using Eq. (2) in Section 3.
Indicated as the main observed transitions for Nd:RPB in Fig. 5.
Not clear why these transitions are not observed.
Table 3
Calculated Radiative and Measured Lifetimes for the Initial Level J of the Relevant Emission, RA, CR, and ESA Processes for Nd:KPB and Nd:RPBa
For comparison, lifetimes of Nd:KPC are given.
After Hoemmerich et al..15 Nd concentration .
Determined by using Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters of Nd:KPC16.
After Jenkins et al..17 Variation of Nd concentration is .
Measured by exciting the level and detecting at ; Nd concentration . determined by assuming statistically distributed populations using the high-temperature limit . determined by assuming statistically distributed populations using crystal field level energies of Nd:KPB.
Table 4
Calculated Line Strengths S of Induced Electric Dipole (ED) and of Magnetic Dipole (MD) Transitions for Nd:KPB and Nd:RPBa
λ
Transition
Nd:KPB
CR1
{
5.07
1.79
5.31
2.10
CR2
{
2.49
1.31
0.72
2.59
1.44
1.22
CR3
{
4.88
1.69
5.07
2.09
CR4
{
4.88
1.69
5.31
2.10
Nd:RPB
CR1
{
5.07
1.55
5.31
1.80
CR2
{
2.49
1.17
0.61
2.59
1.29
1.02
CR3
{
4.88
1.45
5.07
1.80
CR4
{
4.88
1.45
5.31
1.80
CR depopulates the lower long-lived laser levels ( and ). The integrated cross section of Nd:KPB are slightly higher than for Nd:RPB.