Folia Parasitologica 62[1] (2015) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2015.044

A study on African animal trypanosomosis in four areas of Senegal

Sophie Ravel1, Oleg Mediannikov2, Géraldine Bossard3, Marc Desquesnes3,4, Gérard Cuny1, Bernard Davoust5
1 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR INTERTRYP, Montpellier, France;
2 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR URMITE, Dakar, Senegal;
3 Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR INTERTRYP, Montpellier, France;
4 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand;
5 Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes Aix-Marseille-Université, Marseille, France

In Senegal, several areas provide great potential for agriculture and animal production, but African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) is one of the major constraints to the development of more effective livestock production systems. A study was conducted to assess the current situation of AAT in this country. Surveys were carried out between June 2011 and September 2012 in four different areas: Dakar, Sine Saloum, Kedougou region and Basse Casamance in several animal species: dogs (152), donkeys (23), horses (63), sheep (43), goats (52) and cattle (104), distributed in the four sites. Molecular tools (PCR) indicated 3.4% positive animals including dogs, donkeys, a goat and cattle. The savannah type of Trypanosoma congolense Broden, 1904 (53% of positive cases) and the forest type of T. congolense (subgenus Nannomonas Hoare, 1964) were predominant. Trypanosoma vivax Ziemann, 1905 (subgenus Duttonella Chalmers, 1918) was only present in one animal and no trypanosome of the subgenus Trypanozoon Lühe, 1906 was found. Half of the positive cases were detected in Sine Saloum, where T. congolense savannah-type was predominant, and the other half in Basse Casamance, where T. congolense forest-type was predominant; no cases were found in Dakar or in the Kedougou region. A high risk of infection in dogs with T. congolense savannah-type was shown in Sine Saloum, requiring prevention and control of dogs in this area. The involvement of tsetse flies in the transmission of T. congolense in Sine Saloum and Basse Casamance is discussed.

Keywords: Trypanosoma congolense, dog, donkey, cattle, epidemiology

Received: November 3, 2014; Accepted: June 23, 2015; Published online: August 18, 2015  Show citation

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Ravel, S., Mediannikov, O., Bossard, G., Desquesnes, M., Cuny, G., & Davoust, B. (2015). A study on African animal trypanosomosis in four areas of Senegal. Folia Parasitologica, 62, Article 2015.044. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2015.044
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