Abstract
Electrorheological fluids (ERF) change viscosity when an electric field is applied. A special type of ERF consists of polyurethane particles which are doped with Li+ and /or Zn2+ cations and suspended in silicone oil. This article gives an overview of the temperature dependent behavior of the ER effect for these fluids and describes the basic principles how this is explained. Chemical analyses provide information as a basis for a polarization model in several dimensions down to molecular size.
REFERENCES
[1] Winslow WM: Methods and Means for Translating Electrical Impulses into Mechanical Force, U.S. Patent Office, No. 2.417.850 (1947).Search in Google Scholar
[2] See H: Mechanisms of magneto-and electro-rheology: Recent progress and unresolved issues, Appl. Rheol. 11 (2001) 70.Search in Google Scholar
[3] Schneider S: Methoden zur Charakterisierung elektrorheologischer Suspensionen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Temperatureinflusses (Methods to characterize electrorheo-logical suspensions in consideration of the temperature influence), Ph.D. Thesis, HSU Hamburg (2007).Search in Google Scholar
[4] Conrad H et al.: Characterisation of the Structure of a Model Electrorheological Fluid Employing Stereology. In: Conrad H et al. (Editor), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on ER-Fluids, Technomic Publications, Lancaster (1990).Search in Google Scholar
[5] Alanis E, Romero G, Martinez C, Alvarez L, Mechetti C: Characteristic Times of Microstructure Formation in Electrorheological Fluids determined by Viscosity and Speckle Activity Measurements, Appl. Rheol. 15 (2005) 38.Search in Google Scholar
[6] Abu-Jdayil B, Brunn PO: Optical Measurements of the Velocity Profile of ER-Fluid in a Rectangular Conduit, Appl. Rheol. 4 (1994) 186.Search in Google Scholar
[7] Janocha H, Rech B: Measurements on Electroreo-logical Liquids with Rotational Viscometers, Appl. Rheol. 3 (1993) 39.10.2478/arh-1993-030110Search in Google Scholar
[8] Rech B: Measurements Errors during Characterization of ERFs with Rotational Viscometers, Appl. Rheol. 6 (1996) 261.Search in Google Scholar
[9] Ubbelohde L: Zur Viskosimetrie mit Umwand-lungs- und Rechentabellen, Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart (1965).Search in Google Scholar
[10] Yong M., Yuling Z, Kunquan L: Frequency and temperature dependence of complex strontium titanate electrorheological fluids under an alternating electric field, J. Appl. Phys. 83 (10) 5522.10.1063/1.367382Search in Google Scholar
[11] Zschunke F, Rivas R, Brunn PO: Temperature Behavior of Magnetorheological Fluids. Appl. Rheol. 15 (2005) 116.10.1515/arh-2005-0007Search in Google Scholar
[12] Schneider S, Eibl S: Heiß oder kalt? – Betrachtungen zum elektrorheologischen Effekt elektrorheologischer Suspensionen, Teil 2, O+P Ölhydraulik und Pneumatik 50 (2006) 84-87.Search in Google Scholar
[13] Bloodworth R: Electrorheological Fluids Based on Polyurethane Dispersions, 4th International Conference on ER Fluids; Feldkirch, Austria (1993).Search in Google Scholar
[14] Bloodworth R, Wendt E: Materials for ER Fluids; Actuator 96 - 5th Internatinal Conference on New Actuators, Bremen, Germany (1996).Search in Google Scholar
[15] Davis LC: Polarization forces and conductivity effects in electrorheological fluids, J. Appl. Phys. 72 (1992) 1334.10.1063/1.351743Search in Google Scholar
[16] Wu CW, Conrad H: A modified conduction model for the electrorheological effect, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 29 (1996) 3147.10.1088/0022-3727/29/12/032Search in Google Scholar
[17] Gonon P, Foulc JN, Atten P, Boissy C: Particle-particle interactions in electrorheological fluids based on surface conducting particles, J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 86 (1999) 7160.10.1063/1.371807Search in Google Scholar
[18] Holleman-Wiberg: Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, W. de Gruyter, Berlin (1985).10.1515/9783110838176Search in Google Scholar
© 2008 S. Schneider et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
