Abstract
In this paper, a compact 4×4 multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) patch antenna has been presented for triple band operation. Out of the 4 antennas, two are tuned to cover DCS (Digital Cellular System) downlink and two are tuned to cover DCS uplink frequency separately along with two common operating frequency centered around 2.45 GHz and 875 MHz. Four complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) have been etched in the ground plane exactly below the four patch antennas for attaining compactness from 0.36λ02 to 0.13λ02. In addition to this, by optimizing CSRRs outer radius, one lower common band operation of around 875 MHz (0.031λ02) has been obtained. Two, square split-ring resonators (SRRs) are placed between patch antennas to increase isolation by almost 7 dB around DCS band. The proposed MIMO antenna has been fabricated on an FR4 substrate (60×60×0.8) mm3 with dielectric constant, εr=4.3 having an antenna area of 0.13λ02. The Proposed MIMO antenna has two common operating bands, 850–900 MHz, 2410–2466 MHz and one individual band from 1725–1770 MHz for one group of two antennas of dimensions 17×22 mm2 and another individual band from 1800–1845 MHz for another group of two antennas of dimensions 17×23 mm2, where reflection coefficient is less than −10 dB with a minimum isolation of 17 dB. Diversity performance of the proposed MIMO antenna has been verified experimentally on all three bands. However, there is a slight deviation in the DCS operating band due to two different groups of antennas.
References
[1] M. U. Khan and M. S. Sharawi, “Isolation improvement using an MTM inspired structure with a patch based MIMO antenna system,” The 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2014), The Hague, 2014, pp. 2718–2722.10.1109/EuCAP.2014.6902386Search in Google Scholar
[2] M. S. Sharawi, M. U. Khan, A. B. Numan, and D. N. Aloi, “A CSRR loaded MIMO antenna system for ISM band operation,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 4265–4274, Aug 2013.10.1109/TAP.2013.2263214Search in Google Scholar
[3] A. Ramachandran, S. Mathew, V. P. Viswanathan, M. Pezholil, and V. Kesavath, “Diversity-based four-port multiple input multiple output antenna loaded with interdigital structure for high isolation,” IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 10, no. 15, pp. 1633–1642, Dec 2016.10.1049/iet-map.2015.0828Search in Google Scholar
[4] A. Ramachandran, S. Valiyaveettil Pushpakaran, M. Pezholil, and V. Kesavath, “A four-port MIMO antenna using concentric square-ring patches loaded with CSRR for high isolation,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 15, pp. 1196–1199, Nov 2015.10.1109/LAWP.2015.2499322Search in Google Scholar
[5] Y. Luo, Q. X. Chu, J. F. Li, and Y. T. Wu, “A planar H-shaped directive antenna and its application in compact MIMO Antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 9, pp. 4810–4814, Sept 2013.10.1109/TAP.2013.2267193Search in Google Scholar
[6] W. J. Liao, C. Y. Hsieh, B. Y. Dai, and B. R. Hsiao, “Inverted-F/slot integrated dual-band four-antenna system for WLAN Access Points,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 847–850, Dec 2014.10.1109/LAWP.2014.2381362Search in Google Scholar
[7] A. MoradiKordalivand, T. A. Rahman, and M. Khalily, “Common Elements Wideband MIMO Antenna System for WiFi/LTE Access-Point Applications,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 1601–1604, Aug 2014.10.1109/LAWP.2014.2347897Search in Google Scholar
[8] M. Sonkki, D. Pfeil, V. Hovinen, and K. R. Dandekar, “Wideband planar four-element linear antenna array,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 1663–1666, Aug 2014.10.1109/LAWP.2014.2350259Search in Google Scholar
[9] H. Wang, L. Liu, Z. Zhang, Y. Li, and Z. Feng, “A wideband compact WLAN/WiMAX MIMO antenna based on dipole with V-shaped ground branch,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 2290–2295, May 2015.10.1109/TAP.2015.2405091Search in Google Scholar
[10] A. Ramachandran, S. Mathew, V. Rajan, and V. Kesavath, “A compact triband quad-element MIMO antenna using SRR Ring for High Isolation,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 1409–1412, 2017.10.1109/LAWP.2016.2640305Search in Google Scholar
[11] M. S. Sharawi, M. Ikram, and A. Shamim, “A Two Concentric Slot Loop Based Connected Array MIMO Antenna System for 4 G/5 G Terminals,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 99, pp. 1–1, Feb 2017.10.1109/TAP.2017.2671028Search in Google Scholar
[12] M. S. Sharawi, S. K. Podilchak, M. U. Khan, and Y. M. Antar, “Dual-frequency DRA-based MIMO antenna system for wireless access points,” IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1174–1182, June 2017.10.1049/iet-map.2016.0671Search in Google Scholar
[13] Y. Fu and G.-M. Yang, “Design of compact multiband MIMO antenna for the mobile handsets,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 2411–2415, Oct 2016.10.1002/mop.30065Search in Google Scholar
[14] Y. Yang, Q. Chu, and C. Mao, “Multiband MIMO Antenna for GSM, DCS, and LTE Indoor Applications,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 15, pp. 1573–1576, Jan 2016.10.1109/LAWP.2016.2517188Search in Google Scholar
[15] J. Zhu, B. Feng, B. Peng, L. Deng, and S. Li, “Multiband printed mobile MIMO antenna for WWAN and LTE applications,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 59, no. 06, pp. 1446–1450, March 2017.10.1002/mop.30567Search in Google Scholar
[16] S. S. Jehangir and M. S. Sharawi, “A single layer semi-ring slot yagi-like MIMO antenna system with high front-to-back ratio,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 937–942, Feb 2017.10.1109/TAP.2016.2633938Search in Google Scholar
[17] K. Aydin and E. Ozbay, “Identifying magnetic response of split-ring resonators at microwave frequencies,” Opto-Electronics Rev., vol. 14, no. 03, pp. 193–199, 2006.10.2478/s11772-006-0025-xSearch in Google Scholar
[18] N. Katsarakis, T. Koschny, and M. Kafesaki, “Electric coupling to the magnetic resonance of split ring resonators,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 84, no. 15, pp. 2943–2945, April 2004.10.1063/1.1695439Search in Google Scholar
[19] K. Aydin1, I. Bulu1, K. Guven, M. Kafesaki, C. M. Soukoulis, and E. Ozbay, “Investigation of magnetic resonances for different split-ring resonator parameters and designs,” New J. Phys., vol. 07, no. 01, pp. 168–182, Aug 2015.10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/168Search in Google Scholar
[20] B. Sauviac, C. R. Simovski, and S. A. Tretyakov, “Double split-ring resonators: analytical modeling and numerical simulations,” Electromagnetics, vol. 24, no. 05, pp. 317–338, June 2010.10.1080/02726340490457890Search in Google Scholar
[21] Y. A. S. Dama, R. A. Abd-Alhameed, S. M. R. Jones, D. Zhou, N. J. McEwan, M. B. Child, and P. S. Excell, “An envelope correlation formula for (N,N) MIMO antenna arrays using input scattering parameters, and including power losses,” Int. J. Antennas Propag., vol. 2011, pp. 1–7, Aug 2011.10.1155/2011/421691Search in Google Scholar
[22] J. Nasir, M. H. Jamaluddin, M. Khalily, M. R. Kamarudin, I. Ullah, and R. Selvaraju, “A reduced size dual port MIMO DRA with high isolation for 4 G applications,” Int. J. RF Microwave Comp. Aid. Eng., vol. 25, no. 06, pp. 495–501, Nov 2014.10.1002/mmce.20884Search in Google Scholar
[23] G. Das, A. Sharma, and R. K. Gangwar, “Dual port aperture coupled MIMO cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna with high isolation for WiMAX application,” Int. J. RF Microwave Comp. Aid. Eng., vol. 27, no. 07, pp. e21107, March 2017.10.1002/mmce.21107Search in Google Scholar
[24] S. H. Chae, S. K. Oh, and S. O. Park, “Analysis of Mutual Coupling, Correlations, and TARC in WiBro MIMO array antenna,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 6, pp. 122–125, April 2007.10.1109/LAWP.2007.893109Search in Google Scholar
[25] M. Manteghi and Y. Rahmat-Samii, “Multiport characteristics of a wide-band cavity backed annular patch antenna for multipolarization operations,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 466–474, Jan 2005.10.1109/TAP.2004.838794Search in Google Scholar
© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
