Abstract
The concept of a novel dual-mode microwave applicator for diagnosis and thermal ablation treatment of tumorous tissue is presented in this paper. This approach is realized by integrating a planar resonator array to, firstly, detect abnormalities by a relative dielectric analysis, and secondly, perform a highly localized thermal ablation. A further essential advantage is addressed by designing the applicator to be MRI compatible to provide a multimodal imaging procedure. Investigations for an appropriate frequency range lead to the use of much higher operating frequencies between 5 GHz and 10 GHz, providing a significantly lower power consumption for microwave ablation of only 20 W compared to commercial available applicators.
Carolin Reimann and Babak Bazrafshan These authors contributed equally to this work.
Acknowledgements
This research is supported by a grant from the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the context of the priority program “ESSENCE” to the project “Dual-mode microwave applicator for diagnosis and thermal ablation treatment of organic tissue” with the reference numbers JA 921/52-1 and VO 479/17-1. Furthermore, the authors would like to thank CST AG for providing CST Microwave Studio software package.
References
[1] P. Boyle and B. Levin, “World Cancer Report 2008,” World Cancer Rep. 2008, 2008.Search in Google Scholar
[2] T. J. Vogl, et al., “Evaluation of microwave ablation of liver malignancy with enabled constant spatial energy control to achieve a predictable spherical ablation zone,” Int. J. Hyperth. Off. J. Eur. Soc. Hyperthermic Oncol. North Am. Hyperth. Group, pp. 1–9, Aug, 2017. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1358408.10.1080/02656736.2017.1358408Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[3] S. Tsai and T. M. Pawlik, “Outcomes of ablation versus resection for colorectal liver metastases: Are we comparing apples with oranges?,” Ann. Surg. Oncol., vol. 16, no. 9, pp. 2422–2428, Sep, 2009.10.1245/s10434-009-0491-8Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[4] T. J. Vogl, N.-E. A. Nour-Eldin, R. M. Hammerstingl, B. Panahi, and N. N. N. Naguib, “Microwave ablation (MWA): Basics, technique and results in primary and metastatic liver neoplasms - review article,” ROFO. Fortschr. Geb. Rontgenstr. Nuklearmed., vol. 189, no. 11, pp. 1055–1066, Nov, 2017.10.1055/s-0043-117410Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[5] H. Nishikawa, T. Kimura, R. Kita, and Y. Osaki, “Radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma,” Int. J. Hyperth. Off. J. Eur. Soc. Hyperthermic Oncol. North Am. Hyperth. Group, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 558–568, Sep, 2013.10.3109/02656736.2013.821528Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[6] F. S. Ferrari, et al., “Treatment of small HCC through radiofrequency ablation and laser ablation. Comparison of techniques and long-term results,” Radiol. Med. (Torino), vol. 112, no. 3, pp. 377–393, Apr, 2007.10.1007/s11547-007-0148-2Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[7] M. F. Meloni, et al., “Microwave ablation in primary and secondary liver tumours: Technical and clinical approaches,” Int. J. Hyperth. Off. J. Eur. Soc. Hyperthermic Oncol. North Am. Hyperth. Group, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 15–24, Feb, 2017.10.1080/02656736.2016.1209694Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[8] R. C. G. Martin, C. R. Scoggins, and K. M. McMasters, “Safety and efficacy of microwave ablation of hepatic tumors: A prospective review of a 5-year experience,” Ann. Surg. Oncol., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 171–178, Jan, 2010.10.1245/s10434-009-0686-zSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
[9] J. L. Wichmann, et al., “Evaluation of MRI T1-based treatment monitoring during laser-induced thermotherapy of liver metastases for necrotic size prediction,” Int. J. Hyperth. Off. J. Eur. Soc. Hyperthermic Oncol. North Am. Hyperth. Group, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 19–26, Feb, 2014.10.3109/02656736.2013.854931Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[10] T. J. Vogl, M. Mack, K. Eichler, T. Lehnert, and M. Nabil, “Effect of laser-induced thermotherapy on liver metastases,” Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther., vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 769–774, May, 2006.10.1586/14737140.6.5.769Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[11] B. Mensel, C. Weigel, C.-D. Heidecke, A. Stier, and N. Hosten, “Laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT) of tumors of the liver in central location: Results and complications,” ROFO. Fortschr. Geb. Rontgenstr. Nuklearmed., vol. 177, no. 9, pp. 1267–1275, Sep, 2005.10.1055/s-2005-858329Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[12] K. B. Pauly, et al., “Magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity ultrasound ablation of the prostate,” Top. Magn. Reson. Imaging TMRI, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 195–207, Jun, 2006.10.1097/RMR.0b013e31803774ddSearch in Google Scholar
[13] B. Bazrafshan, et al., “Magnetic resonance temperature imaging of laser-induced thermotherapy: Assessment of fast sequences in ex vivo porcine liver,” Future Oncol. Lond. Engl., vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 1039–1050, Jul, 2013.10.2217/fon.13.54Search in Google Scholar
[14] F. De Cobelli, et al., “Microwave ablation of liver malignancies: Comparison of effects and early outcomes of percutaneous and intraoperative approaches with different liver conditions : New advances in interventional oncology: State of the art,” Med. Oncol. Northwood Lond. Engl., vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 49, Apr, 2017.10.1007/s12032-017-0903-8Search in Google Scholar
[15] Y. Sun, Z. Cheng, L. Dong, G. Zhang, Y. Wang, and P. Liang, “Comparison of temperature curve and ablation zone between 915- and 2450-MHz cooled-shaft microwave antenna: Results in ex vivo porcine livers,” Eur. J. Radiol., vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 553–557, Mar, 2012.10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.02.013Search in Google Scholar
[16] A. M. Ierardi, et al., “Microwave ablation of liver metastases to overcome the limitations of radiofrequency ablation,” Radiol. Med. (Torino), vol. 118, no. 6, pp. 949–961, Sep, 2013.10.1007/s11547-013-0968-1Search in Google Scholar
[17] P. Liang, Y. Wang, X. Yu, and B. Dong, “Malignant liver tumors: Treatment with percutaneous microwave ablation–Complications among cohort of 1136 patients,” Radiology, vol. 251, no. 3, pp. 933–940, Jun, 2009.10.1148/radiol.2513081740Search in Google Scholar
[18] T. Shibata, T. Niinobu, N. Ogata, and M. Takami, “Microwave coagulation therapy for multiple hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma,” Cancer, vol. 89, no. 2, pp. 276–284, Jul, 2000.10.1002/1097-0142(20000715)89:2<276::AID-CNCR11>3.0.CO;2-0Search in Google Scholar
[19] S. Gabriel, L. W. Lau, and C. Gabriel, “The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues,” Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 41, no. 11, pp. 2271–2293, Apr, 1996.10.1088/0031-9155/41/11/003Search in Google Scholar
[20] A. P. O’Rourke, et al., “Dielectric properties of human normal, malignant and cirrhotic liver tissue: In vivo and ex vivo measurements from 0.5 to 20 GHz using a precision open-ended coaxial probe,” Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 52, no. 15, pp. 4707–4719, 2007.10.1088/0031-9155/52/15/022Search in Google Scholar
[21] C. P. Hancock, N. Dharmasiri, M. White, and A. M. Goodman, “The design and development of an integrated multi-functional microwave antenna structure for biological applications,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 2230–2241, Apr, 2013.10.1109/TMTT.2013.2255620Search in Google Scholar
[22] H. Luyen, F. Gao, S. C. Hagness, and N. Behdad, “Microwave ablation at 10.0 GHz achieves comparable ablation zones to 1.9 GHz in Ex vivo bovine liver,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 1702–1710, Jan, 2014.10.1109/TBME.2014.2300692Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[23] J. Chiang, P. Wang, and C. L. Brace, “Computational modelling of microwave tumour ablations,” Int. J. Hyperth. Off. J. Eur. Soc. Hyperthermic Oncol. North Am. Hyperth. Group, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 308–317, Jun, 2013.10.3109/02656736.2013.799295Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[24] T.-C. Shih, P. Yuan, W.-L. Lin, and H.-S. Kou, “Analytical analysis of the Pennes bioheat transfer equation with sinusoidal heat flux condition on skin surface,” Med. Eng. Phys., vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 946–953, Nov, 2007.10.1016/j.medengphy.2006.10.008Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[25] M. Puentes, F. Bashir, M. Maasch, M. Schüßler, and R. Jakoby, “Planar microwave sensor for thermal ablation of organic tissue,” Proc. 43rd Eur. Microw. Conf., pp. 479–482, Oct, 2013.Search in Google Scholar
[26] M. Puentes, M. Maasch, M. Schüßler, C. Damm, and R. Jakoby, “Analysis of resonant particles in a coplanar microwave sensor array for thermal ablation of organic tissue,” in Presented at the Microwave Symposium (IMS), Tampa, FL, USA, 2014.10.1109/MWSYM.2014.6848440Search in Google Scholar
[27] C. Reimann, M. Puentes, M. Schüßler, and R. Jakoby, “Design and realization of a microwave applicator for diagnosis and thermal ablation treatment of cancerous tissue,” in Presented at the German Microwave Conference (GeMiC), Bochum, Germany, 2016.10.1109/GEMIC.2016.7461584Search in Google Scholar
[28] C. Reimann, et al., “Planar microwave sensor for theranostic therapy of organic tissue based on oval split ring resonators,” Sensors, vol. 16, no. 9, p. 1450. doi: 10.3390/s16091450.10.3390/s16091450Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[29] C. Reimann et al., “Theranostic microwave applicator suitable for minimal invasive therapy of malignant tissue,” in Presented at the 38th Annual International Conference of the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Orlando, FL, USA, 2016.10.1109/EMBC.2016.7590709Search in Google Scholar PubMed
[30] C. Reimann et al., “A cylindrical shaped theranostic applicator for percutaneous microwave ablation,” in Presented at the First IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Bio Conference (IMBIOC), Gothenburg, Sweden, 2017.10.1109/IMBIOC.2017.7965791Search in Google Scholar
© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
