Abstract
The resistance of Pinus radiata sapwood blocks treated with a boron-based preservative to biodeterioration by five Australian wood destroying fungi [Fomitopsis lilacino-gilva, Coniophora olivacea, Gloeophyllum abietinum (boron resistant), Serpula lacrymans and Perenniporia tephropora] was investigated. A phenyl pyrazole termiticide (fipronil) was also incorporated into the formulation to determine whether its presence affects biological efficacy. A linseed oil, liquid wax, terebene and trimethyl borate formulation inhibited decay by the trial fungi. Incorporation of fipronil did not affect the fungicidal properties. Fipronil alone exhibited no fungicidal activity. The termiticidal activity of fipronil was assessed (termite field test) in a formulation incorporating a fungicide, water repellent and drying agent in an alternative solvent carrier to that previously reported. The biological activity of the test compound was not diminished in this system. The 1-year progress performance of an ongoing in ground graveyard trial of similarly treated stakes, exposed to numerous termite species and decay fungi in tropical field conditions, is also presented. The predominant biological agent at the field site is the Australian subterranean termite Coptotermes acinaciformis (Froggatt). Treated stake samples of the Australian softwood Pinus radiata were exposed.
References
Ahmed, B., Vinden, P., Hann, J., French, J.R.J. (2004) Report on the efficacy and performance of the insecticide pyrazole in H2 field trials. Document No. IRG/WP/04-10516. International Research Group on Wood Protection, Stockholm, Sweden.Search in Google Scholar
Ahmed, B., French, J.R.J., Kwint, P., Webb, G. (1997) Laboratory evaluation of fipronil (a phenyl pyrazole) as a candidate termiticide in the protection of wood against the subterranean termite, Coptotermes acinaciformis (Froggatt) Rhinotermitidae. Document No. IRG/WP/97-10225. International Research Group on Wood Protection, Stockholm, Sweden.Search in Google Scholar
American Wood-Preservers' Association standard (2003a) E10-01. Standard method of testing wood preservatives by laboratory soil block cultures.Search in Google Scholar
American Wood-Preservers' Association standard (2003b) E11-97. Standard method of determining the leachability of wood preservatives.Search in Google Scholar
Australasian Wood Preservation Committee (2000). Protocols for the assessment of wood preservatives.Search in Google Scholar
Australian standard (2000) 1604.1-2000. Specification of preservative treatment. Part 1: Sawn and round timber.Search in Google Scholar
Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (2002). Australian Forest and Wood Products Statistics, Wood Market March/June quarter.Search in Google Scholar
Barnes, H.M., Amburgey, T.L., Williams, L.H., Morell, J.J. (1989) Borates as wood preserving compounds: the status of research in the United States. Document No. IRG/WP/89-3542. International Research Group on Wood Protection, Stockholm, Sweden.Search in Google Scholar
Cockcroft, R., Levy, J.F. (1973) Bibliography on the use of boron compounds in the preservation of wood. J. Inst. Wood Sci.6:28–37.Search in Google Scholar
Cookson, L.J., Pham, K. (1995) Relative tolerance of twenty basidiomycetes to boric acid. Mater. Organism.29:187–196.Search in Google Scholar
DaCosta, E.W.B., Aplin, T.E.H., Tamblyn, N. (1957) Project P13-5 Progress Report No. 1. Division of Forest Products, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.Search in Google Scholar
DaCosta, E.W.B. (1975) Natural decay resistance of wood. In: Biological Transformation of Wood by Microorganisms. Ed. Liese, W. Springer-Verlag, New York.10.1007/978-3-642-85778-2_9Search in Google Scholar
Eaton, R.A., Hale, M.D.C. Wood. Decay, Pests and Protection. Chapman and Hall, London, 1993.Search in Google Scholar
French, J.R.J. (1986) Termites and their economic importance in Australia. In: Economic Impact and Control of Social Insects. Ed. Bradleigh-Vinson, S. Praeger, New York.Search in Google Scholar
Gay, F.J., Calaby, J.H. (1970) Termites of the Australian region. In: Biology of Termites, Volume 1. Eds. Krishna, K., Weesner, F.M. Academic Press, New York.Search in Google Scholar
©2007 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
