A review on sources and health impacts of bisphenol A

References

1. Experts I. Bisphenol-A – a global market overview [Internet]. 2016. Available at: https://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/4xx8j9/bisphenola_a.Search in Google Scholar

2. Staples C, van der Hoeven N, Clark K, Mihaich E, Woelz J, Hentges S. Distributions of concentrations of bisphenol A in North American and European surface waters and sediments determined from 19 years of monitoring data. Chemosphere 2018;201:448–58.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.175Search in Google Scholar

3. Huang YQ, Wong CKC, Zheng JS, Bouwman H, Barra R, Wahlström B, et al. Bisphenol A (BPA) in China: a review of sources, environmental levels, and potential human health impacts. Environ Int 2012;42(1):91–9.10.1016/j.envint.2011.04.010Search in Google Scholar

4. Kang JH, Kondo F, Katayama Y. Human exposure to bisphenol A. Toxicology 2006;226(2–3):79–89.10.1016/j.tox.2006.06.009Search in Google Scholar

5. Corrales J, Kristofco LA, Baylor Steele W, Yates BS, Breed CS, Spencer Williams E, et al. Global assessment of bisphenol A in the environment: review and analysis of its occurrence and bioaccumulation. Dose-Response 2015;13(3):1–29.10.1177/1559325815598308Search in Google Scholar

6. Staples CA, Dom PB, Klecka GM, Sandra TO, Harris LR. A review of the environmental fate, effects, and exposures of bisphenol A. Chemosphere 1998;36(10):2149–73.10.1016/S0045-6535(97)10133-3Search in Google Scholar

7. Agency USEP. Bisphenol A fact sheet. EPA. 2011:1–2.Search in Google Scholar

8. Sangai N, Pandya HA, Singh R. Critical review on bisphenol A: invisible pollution. Int J Pharma Res Heal Sci 2016;4(2):1043–9.Search in Google Scholar

9. Hines CJ, Jackson MV, Christianson AL, Clark JC, Arnold JE, Pretty JR, et al. Air, hand wipe, and surface wipe sampling for Bisphenol A (BPA) among workers in industries that manufacture and use BPA in the United States. J Occup Environ Hyg 2017;14(11):882–97.10.1080/15459624.2017.1339164Search in Google Scholar PubMed

10. Chakraborty P, Sampath S, Mukhopadhyay M. Baseline investigation on platicizers, bisphenol A, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in the surface soil of the informal electronic waste recycling workshops and nearby open dumpsites in Indian metropolitan cities. Environ Pollut 2019;248:1036–45.10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.010Search in Google Scholar PubMed

11. Chakraborty P, Mukhopadhyay M, Sampath S. Organic micropollutants in the surface riverine sediment along the lower stretch of the transboundary river Ganga: occurrences, sources and ecological risk assessment. Environ Pollut 2019;249:1071–80.10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.115Search in Google Scholar PubMed

12. Santhi VA, Sakai N, Ahmad ED, Mustafa AM. Occurrence of bisphenol A in surface water, drinking water and plasma from Malaysia with exposure assessment from consumption of drinking water. Sci Total Environ 2012;427–428:332–8.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.041Search in Google Scholar PubMed

13. Vandenberg LN, Hauser R, Marcus M, Olea N, Welshons WV. Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Reprod Toxicol 2007;24(2):139–77.10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.07.010Search in Google Scholar PubMed

14. Canesi L, Fabbri E. Environmental effects of BPA: focus on aquatic species. Dose-Response 2015;13(3):1–14.10.1177/1559325815598304Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

15. Li D, Suh S. Health risks of chemicals in consumer products : a review. Environ Int 2019;123(November 2018):580–7.10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.033Search in Google Scholar PubMed

16. Chung YH, Han JH, Lee SB, Lee YH. Inhalation toxicity of bisphenol A and its effect on estrous cycle, spatial learning, and memory in rats upon whole-body exposure. Toxicol Res 2017;33(2):165–71.10.5487/TR.2017.33.2.165Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

17. Lang IA, Galloway TS, Scarlett A, Henley WE, Depledge M, Wallace RB, et al. Association of urinary bisphenol A concentration with medical disorders and laboratory abnormalities in adults. J Am Med Assoc 2008;300(11):1303–10.10.1001/jama.300.11.1303Search in Google Scholar PubMed

18. Maria E, Costa F, Spritzer PM, Hohl A, Bachega TASS. Effects of endocrine disruptors in the development of the female reproductive tract. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab 2014;58(2):153–61.10.1590/0004-2730000003031Search in Google Scholar PubMed

19. Osborne G, Rudel R, Schwarzman M. Evaluating chemical effects on mammary gland development: a critical need in disease prevention. Reprod Toxicol [Internet] 2015;54:148–55.10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.07.077Search in Google Scholar PubMed

20. Kabir ER, Rahman MS, Rahman I. A review on endocrine disruptors and their possible impacts on human health. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2015;40(1):241–58.10.1016/j.etap.2015.06.009Search in Google Scholar PubMed

21. Ejaredar M, Lee Y, Roberts DJ, Sauve R, Dewey D. Bisphenol A exposure and children’s behavior: a systematic review. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2017;27(2):175–83.10.1038/jes.2016.8Search in Google Scholar PubMed

22. Rubin BS, Murray MK, Damassa DA, King JC, Soto AM. Perinatal exposure to low doses of bisphenol A affects body weight, patterns of estrous cyclicity, and plasma LH levels. Environ Health Perspect 2001;109(7):675–80.10.1289/ehp.01109675Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

23. Aalto-Korte K, Alanko K, Henriks-Eckerman ML, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Allergic contact dermatitis from bisphenol A in PVC gloves. Contact Dermatitis 2003;49(4):202–5.10.1111/j.0105-1873.2003.0228.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

24. Mohapatra DP, Brar SK, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY. Physico-chemical pre-treatment and biotransformation of wastewater and wastewater Sludge – fate of bisphenol A. Chemosphere 2010;78(8):923–41.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.053Search in Google Scholar

25. Ghazali FM, Johari WLW. The occurrence and analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) in environmental samples – a review. J Biochem Microbiol Biotechnol 2015;3(2):30–8.10.54987/jobimb.v3i2.279Search in Google Scholar

26. Braun P, Moeder M, Schrader S, Popp P, Kuschk P, EngewaldW. Trace analysis of technical nonylphenol, bisphenol A and 17 a-ethinylestradiol in wastewater using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2003;988:41–51.10.1016/S0021-9673(02)02052-6Search in Google Scholar

27. He P, Aga DS. Comparison of GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS for the analysis of hormones and pesticides in surface waters: advantages and pitfalls. Anal Methods 2019;11(11):1436–48.10.1039/C8AY02774ASearch in Google Scholar

28. Gong J, Ran Y, Chen D, Yang Y. Occurrence and environmental risk of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in surface waters of the Pearl River, South China. Environ Monit Assess 2009;156(1–4):199–210.10.1007/s10661-008-0474-4Search in Google Scholar PubMed

29. Fu M, Li Z, Gao H. Distribution characteristics of nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao and its adjacent rivers. Chemosphere 2007;69(7):1009–16.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.061Search in Google Scholar PubMed

30. Fu P, Kawamura K. Ubiquity of bisphenol A in the atmosphere. Environ Pollut 2010;158(10):3138–43.10.1016/j.envpol.2010.06.040Search in Google Scholar PubMed

31. Graziani NS, Carreras H, Wannaz E. Atmospheric levels of BPA associated with particulate matter in an urban environment. Heliyon [Internet] 2019;5(4):e01419.10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01419Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

32. EPA. Particulate matter (PM) pollution [Internet]. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2018. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/particulate-matter-pm-basics.Search in Google Scholar

33. Taylor P, Rudel RA, Brody JG, Spengler JD, Vallarino J, Geno PW, et al. Identification of selected hormonally active agents and animal mammary carcinogens in commercial and residential air and dust samples. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2001;51:499–513.10.1080/10473289.2001.10464292Search in Google Scholar PubMed

34. Yonghua HE, Iao MM, Chunhua WU, Uan WY, Ao EG, Hou ZZ. Occupational exposure levels of bisphenol A among Chinese workers. J Occup Health 2009;51:432–6.10.1539/joh.O9006Search in Google Scholar PubMed

35. Tsai WT. Human health risk on environmental exposure to bisphenol-A: a review. J Environ Sci Health C: Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev 2006;24(2):225–55.10.1080/10590500600936482Search in Google Scholar

36. Morin N, Arp HPH, Hale SE. Bisphenol A in solid waste materials, leachate water, and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities: presence and partitioning behavior. Environ Sci Technol 2015;49(13):7675–83.10.1021/acs.est.5b01307Search in Google Scholar

37. Cousins IT, Staples CA, Kleĉka GM, Mackay D. A multimedia assessment of the environmental fate of bisphenol A. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 2002;8(5):1107–35.10.1080/1080-700291905846Search in Google Scholar

38. Zhang X, Gao Y, Li Q. Estrogenic compounds and estrogenicity in surface water, sediments, and organisms from Yundang Lagoon in Xiamen, China. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2011;61(1):93–100.10.1007/s00244-010-9588-0Search in Google Scholar

39. Staniszewska M, Koniecko I, Falkowska L, Burska D, Kiełczewska J. The relationship between the black carbon and bisphenol A in sea and river sediments (Southern Baltic). J Environ Sci (China) 2016;41:24–32.10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.009Search in Google Scholar

40. Xue J, Kannan K. Mass flows and removal of eight bisphenol analogs, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and its derivatives in two wastewater treatment plants in New York State, USA. Sci Total Environ 2019;648:442–9.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.047Search in Google Scholar

41. Waters G. Ten years-snapshot of the occurrence of emerging contaminants in drinking, surface and ground waters and wastewaters from São Paulo State, Brazil. J Braz Chem Soc 2019;30(3):614–32.Search in Google Scholar

42. Fürhacker M, Scharf S, Weber H. Bisphenol A: emissions from point sources. Chemosphere 2000;41(5):751–6.10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00466-XSearch in Google Scholar

43. Yan Z, Liu Y, Yan K, Wu S, Han Z, Guo R, et al. Bisphenol analogues in surface water and sediment from the shallow Chinese freshwater lakes: occurrence, distribution, source apportionment, and ecological and human health risk. Chemosphere 2017;184:318–28.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.010Search in Google Scholar PubMed

44. Rodriguez-Mozaz S, López De Alda MJ, Barceló D. Monitoring of estrogens, pesticides and bisphenol A in natural waters and drinking water treatment plants by solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2004;1045(1–2):85–92.10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.040Search in Google Scholar PubMed

45. Yamazaki E, Yamashita N, Taniyasu S, Lam J, Lam PKS, Moon HB, et al. Bisphenol A and other bisphenol analogues including BPS and BPF in surface water samples from Japan, China, Korea and India. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015;122:565–72.10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.029Search in Google Scholar PubMed

46. Rosa S, Nascimento V, Rogrigues CE. Degradation study of BPA-containing plastics in water samples collected from an urban reservoir. Int J Hydrol 2018;2(3):333–6.Search in Google Scholar

47. Elobeid MA, Almarhoon ZM, Virk P, Hassan ZK, Omer SA, ElAmin M, et al. Bisphenol a detection in various brands of drinking bottled water in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia using gas chromatography/mass spectrometer. Trop J Pharm Res 2012;11(3):455–9.10.4314/tjpr.v11i3.15Search in Google Scholar

48. Wiegel S, Aulinger A, Brockmeyer R, Harms H. Pharmaceuticals in the river Elbe and its tributaries. Chemosphere 2004;57:107–26.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.05.017Search in Google Scholar

49. Bolz U, Hagenmaier H, Ko W. Phenolic xenoestrogens in surface water, sediments, and sewage sludge from Baden-Württemberg, south-west Germany. Environ Pollut 2001;115:291–301.10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00100-2Search in Google Scholar

50. Stachel B, Ehrhorn U, Heemken O, Lepom P, Reincke H, Sawal G, et al. Xenoestrogens in the river Elbe and its tributaries. Environ Pollut 2003;124:497–507.10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00483-9Search in Google Scholar

51. Taylor P, Stachel B, Jantzen E, Knoth W, Krüger F, Lepom P, et al. The Elbe flood in August 2002 – organic contaminants in sediment samples taken after the flood event. J Environ Sci Health A: Toxic/Hazardous Subst Environ Eng 2002;40:265–87.Search in Google Scholar

52. Kuch HM, Ballschmiter K. Determination of endocrine-disrupting phenolic compounds and estrogens in surface and drinking water by HRGC-(NCI)-MS in the picogram per liter range. Environ Sci Technol 2001;35:3201–6.10.1021/es010034mSearch in Google Scholar

53. Fromme H, Küchler T, Otto T, Pilz K, Müller J, Wenzel A. Occurrence of phthalates and bisphenol A and F in the environment b. Water Res 2002;36:1429–38.10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00367-0Search in Google Scholar

54. Basheer C, Kee H, Tan KS. Endocrine disrupting alkylphenols and bisphenol-A in coastal waters and supermarket seafood from Singapore. Mar Pollut Bull 2004;48:1145–67.10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.04.009Search in Google Scholar PubMed

55. Patrolecco L, Capri S, Angelis SDE, Polesello S, Valsecchi S. Partition of nonylphenol and related compounds among different aquatic compartments in Tiber River. Water Air Soil Pollut 2006;172(1–4):151–66.10.1007/s11270-005-9067-9Search in Google Scholar

56. Loos R, Hanke G, Umlauf G, Eisenreich SJ. LC–MS–MS analysis and occurrence of octyl- and nonylphenol, their ethoxylates and their carboxylates in Belgian and Italian textile industry, waste water treatment plant effluents and surface waters. Chemosphere 2007;66:690–9.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.060Search in Google Scholar PubMed

57. Pojana G, Gomiero A, Jonkers N, Marcomini A. Natural and synthetic endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in water, sediment and biota of a coastal lagoon. Environ Int 2007;33:929–36.10.1016/j.envint.2007.05.003Search in Google Scholar PubMed

58. Michałowicz J. Bisphenol A – sources, toxicity and biotransformation. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2014;37(2):738–58.10.1016/j.etap.2014.02.003Search in Google Scholar

59. Céspedes R, Lacorte S, Ginebreda A, Catalonia R. Chemical monitoring and occurrence of alkylphenols, alkylphenol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates, phthalates and benzothiazoles in sewage treatment plants and receiving waters along the Ter. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006;385(6):992–1000.10.1007/s00216-006-0448-8Search in Google Scholar

60. Gorga M, Insa S, Petrovic M, Barceló D. Analysis of endocrine disrupters and related compounds in sediments and sewage sludge using on-line turbulent flow chromatography–liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014;1352:29–37.10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.028Search in Google Scholar

61. Takahashi A, Higashitani T, Yakou Y, Saitou M, Tamamoto H, Tanaka H. Evaluating bioaccumulation of suspected endocrine disruptors into periphytons and benthos in the Tama River. Water Sci Technol 2000;47:71–6.10.2166/wst.2003.0495Search in Google Scholar

62. Belfroid A, Van Velzen M, Van der Horst B, Vethaak D. Occurrence of bisphenol A in surface water and uptake in fish: evaluation of field measurements. Chemosphere 2002;49(1):97–103.10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00157-1Search in Google Scholar

63. Urbatzka R, Van Cauwenberge A, Maggioni S, Vigano L, Mandich A, Benfenati E, et al. Androgenic and antiandrogenic activities in water and sediment samples from the river Lambro, Italy, detected by yeast androgen screen and chemical analyses. Chemosphere 2007;67:1080–7.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.11.041Search in Google Scholar PubMed

64. Liu R, Zhou JL, Wilding A. Simultaneous determination of endocrine disrupting phenolic compounds and steroids in water by solid-phase extraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2004;1022:179–89.10.1016/j.chroma.2003.09.035Search in Google Scholar PubMed

65. Wan Y, Xia W, Yang S, Pan X, He Z, Kannan K. Spatial distribution of bisphenol S in surface water and human serum from Yangtze River watershed, China: implications for exposure through drinking water. Chemosphere 2018;199:595–602.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.040Search in Google Scholar PubMed

66. Konieczna A, Rutkowska A, Szczepańska N. Canned food as a source of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure – estimation of consumption among young women from Gdańsk, Poland. Med Środowiskowa – Environ Med 2018;21(1):31–4.Search in Google Scholar

67. Rubin BS. Bisphenol A: an endocrine disruptor with widespread exposure and multiple effects. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2011;127(1–2):27–34.10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.05.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed

68. Vom Saal FS, Cooke PS, Buchanan DL, Palanza P, Thayer KA, Nagel SC, et al. A physiologically based approach to the study of bisphenol A and other estrogenic chemicals on the size of reproductive organs, daily sperm production, and behavior. Toxicol Ind Health 1998;14(2):239–60.10.1177/074823379801400115Search in Google Scholar PubMed

69. Chin KY, Pang KL, Mark-Lee WF. A review on the effects of bisphenol A and its derivatives on skeletal health. Int J Med Sci 2018;15(10):1043–50.10.7150/ijms.25634Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

70. Rochester JR, Bolden AL, Kwiatkowski CF. Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and hyperactivity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Int 2018;114:343–56.10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.028Search in Google Scholar PubMed

71. Ayyanan A, Laribi O, Schuepbach-Mallepell S, Schrick C, Gutierrez M, Tanos T, et al. Perinatal exposure to bisphenol A increases adult mammary gland progesterone response and cell number. Mol Endocrinol 2011;25(11):1915–23.10.1210/me.2011-1129Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

72. Adoamnei E, Mendiola J, Vela-Soria F, Fernández MF, Olea N, Jørgensen N, et al. Urinary bisphenol A concentrations are associated with reproductive parameters in young men. Environ Res 2018;161(October 2017):122–8.10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed

73. Hart RJ, Doherty DA, Keelan JA, Minaee NS, ThorstensenEB, Dickinson JE, et al. The impact of antenatal bisphenol A exposure on male reproductive function at 20–22 years of age. Reprod Biomed Online 2018;36(3):340–7.10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.11.009Search in Google Scholar PubMed

74. Peretz J, Vrooman L, Ricke WA, Hunt PA, Ehrlich S, Hauser R, et al. Bisphenol A and reproductive health: update of experimental and human. Environ Health Perspect 2014;122(8):2007–13.Search in Google Scholar

75. Tratnik JS, Kosjek T, Heath E, Ćehić S, Karakitsios SP. Urinary bisphenol A in children, mothers and fathers from Slovenia: overall results and determinants of exposure. Environ Res 2018;168:32–40.10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.004Search in Google Scholar PubMed

76. Fowler PA, Bellingham M, Sinclair KD, Evans NP, Pocar P, Fischer B, et al. Impact of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) on female reproductive health. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012;355(2):231–9.10.1016/j.mce.2011.10.021Search in Google Scholar PubMed

77. Yolton K, Xu Y, Strauss D, Altaye M, Calafat AM, Khoury J. Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and phthalates and infant neurobehavior. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2011;33(5):558–66.10.1016/j.ntt.2011.08.003Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

78. Braun JM, Yolton K, Dietrich KN, Hornung R, Ye X, Calafat AM, et al. Prenatal bisphenol A exposure and early childhood behavior. Environ Health Perspect 2009;117(12):1945–52.10.1289/ehp.0900979Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

79. Junge KM, Leppert B, Jahreis S, Wissenbach DK, Feltens R, Grützmann K, et al. MEST mediates the impact of prenatal bisphenol A exposure on long-term body weight development. Clin Epigenetics 2018;10(1):1–12.10.1186/s13148-018-0478-zSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

80. Perera F, Nolte ELR, Wang Y, Margolis AE, Calafat AM, Wang S, et al. Bisphenol A exposure and symptoms of anxiety and depression among inner city children at 10–12 years of age. Environ Res 2016;151:195–202.10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.028Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

81. Roen EL, Wang Y, Calafat AM, Wang S, Margolis A, Herbstman J, et al. Bisphenol A exposure and behavioral problems among inner city children at 7–9 years of age. Environ Res 2015;142:739–45.10.1016/j.envres.2015.01.014Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

82. Freire C, Molina-Molina J, Iribarne-Durán LM. Concentrations of bisphenol A and parabens in socks for infants and young children in Spain and their hormone-like activities. Environ Int 2019;127:592–600.10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.013Search in Google Scholar PubMed

83. Xue J, Liu W, Kannan K. Bisphenols, benzophenones, and bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers in textiles and infant clothing. Environ Sci Technol 2017;51:5279–86.10.1021/acs.est.7b00701Search in Google Scholar PubMed

84. Mustieles V, Pérez-Lobato R, Olea N, Fernández MF. Bisphenol-A: human exposure and neurobehavior. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2015;49:174–84.10.1016/j.neuro.2015.06.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed

85. Lv Y, Rui C, Dai Y, Pang Q, Li Y, Fan R, et al. Environmental science processes & impacts exposure of children to BPA through dust and the association of urinary BPA and triclosan with oxidative stress in Guangzhou, China. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2016;18(12):1492–9.10.1039/C6EM00472ESearch in Google Scholar

86. Sanders AP, Saland JM, Wright RO, Satlin L. Perinatal and childhood exposure to environmental chemicals and blood pressure in children: a review of literature 2007–2017. Pediatr Res 2018;84(2):165–80.10.1038/s41390-018-0055-3Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

87. Scinicariello F, Buser MC. Serum testosterone concentrations and urinary bisphenol A, benzophenone-3, triclosan, and paraben levels in male and female children and adolescents: NHANES 2011–2012. Environ Health Perspect 2016;124(12):1898–904.10.1289/EHP150Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

88. Jolanki R, Kanerva L, Estlander T. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by epoxy diacrylate in ultraviolet light cured paint, and bisphenol A in dental composite resin. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33:94–9.10.1111/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00508.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

89. Kang JH, Aasi D, Katayama Y. Bisphenol A in the aquatic environment and its endocrine-disruptive effects on aquatic organisms. Crit Rev Toxicol 2007;37(7):607–25.10.1080/10408440701493103Search in Google Scholar PubMed

90. Bangsgaard N, Thyssen JP, Menné T, Andersen KE, Mortz CG, Paulsen E, et al. Contact allergy to epoxy resin: risk occupations and consequences. Contact Dermatitis 2012;67(2):73–7.10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02072.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

91. Heinälä M, Ylinen K, Tuomi T, Santonen T. Assessment of occupational exposure to bisphenol A in five different production companies in Finland. Ann Work Expo Heal 2017;61(1):44–55.Search in Google Scholar

92. Braun JM, Kalkbrenner AE, Calafat AM, Yolton K, Ye X, Dietrich KN, et al. Impact of early-life bisphenol A exposure on behavior and executive function in children. Pediatrics 2011;128(5):873–82.10.1542/peds.2011-1335Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

93. Ye X, Zhou X, Wong LY, Calafat AM. Concentrations of bisphenol A and seven other phenols in pooled sera from 3–11 year old children: 2001–2002 national health and nutrition examination survey. Environ Sci Technol 2012;46(22):12664–71.10.1021/es303109cSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

94. Pascal F, Manfo T, Jubendradass R, Nantia EA, Moundipa PF, Mathur PP. Adverse effects of bisphenol A on male reproductive function. Environ Contam Toxicol 2014;228:57–82.Search in Google Scholar

95. Chen MY, Ike M, Fujita M. Acute toxicity, mutagenicity, and estrogenicity of bisphenol-A and other bisphenols. Environ Toxicol 2002;17(1):80–6.10.1002/tox.10035Search in Google Scholar PubMed

96. Rogers K. Bisphenol A (BPA). Biomonitoring. America’s children and the environment. Third edition, Washington, DC: USEPA 2013; A Report of US-EPA. 2016(1–19).Search in Google Scholar

97. Bushnik T, Haines D, Levallois P, Levesque J, Van Oostdam J, Viau C. Lead and bisphenol A concentrations in the Canadian population. Health Rep 2010;21(3):7–18.Search in Google Scholar

98. Covaci A, Den Hond E, Geens T, Govarts E, Koppen G, Frederiksen H, et al. Urinary BPA measurements in children and mothers from six European member states: overall results and determinants of exposure. Environ Res 2015;141:77–85.10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.008Search in Google Scholar PubMed

99. Völkel W, Kiranoglu M, Fromme H. Determination of free and total bisphenol A in urine of infants. Environ Res 2011;111(1):143–8.10.1016/j.envres.2010.10.001Search in Google Scholar PubMed

100. Völkel W, Kiranoglu M, Fromme H. Determination of free and total bisphenol A in human urine to assess daily uptake as a basis for a valid risk assessment. Toxicol Lett 2008;179(3):155–62.10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.05.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed

101. Azzouz A, Rascón AJ, Ballesteros E. Determination of free and conjugated forms of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in human biological fluids by GC-MS. Bioanalysis 2016;8(11):1145–58.10.4155/bio-2015-0008Search in Google Scholar PubMed

102. Liao C, Kannan K. Determination of free and conjugated forms of bisphenol A in human urine and serum by liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol 2012;46:5003–9.10.1021/es300115aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

103. Schonfelder G, Wittfoht W, Hopp H, Talsness CE, Paul M, Chahoud I. Parent bisphenol A accumulation in the human maternal-fetal-placental unit (Children’s Health Articles). Environ Health Perspect 2002;110(11):A703.10.1289/ehp.021100703Search in Google Scholar