Publicado

2022-08-11

Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate

Rendimiento, calidad y absorción de nutrientes de la estevia bajo clima mediterráneo continental

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v70n4.84795

Palabras clave:

Alternative crops, Fertilisation, Stevia rebaudiana, Steviol glycosides, Sweetener (en)
Cultivos alternativos, Fertilización, Stevia rebaudiana, Glucósidos de esteviol, Edulcorantes (es)

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Autores/as

  • Javier Matías Prieto . Instituto de Investigaciones Agrarias Finca La Orden-Valdesequera. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). Guadajira, Badajoz, España https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5383-9035
  • Verónica Cruz Sobrado . Instituto de Investigaciones Agrarias Finca La Orden-Valdesequera. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). Guadajira, Badajoz, España

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is gaining attention due to its sweetening power. The stevia crop is still relatively unknown in Europe, and very little is known about its nutrient requirements. Therefore, agronomic studies are needed.  Field trials were carried out in inland Spain in 2014 and 2015, in order to evaluate the yield, quality, and nutrient requirements of stevia according to planting density and harvest regime, under a continental Mediterranean climate. In 2014, the dynamics of growth, quality and accumulation of nutrients were studied during the vegetative period according to three planting densities (5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 plants m-2). No significant influence was found. The steviol glycosides concentration decreased sharply at flowering, while the leaf and steviol glycosides yields continued to increase for another 30 days or more. Yield, quality and nutrient uptake were studied during 2015 according to the three same planting densities, and three harvest regimes (one, two, and three cuts per year; all before flowering). Both factors had significant influence on most of the studied parameters. The best quality and the highest yield were not obtained under the same crop management. The highest yield was achieved with 10 plants m-2 and with 2 cuts per year, achieving around 6000 kg ha-1 of dry leaf and 650 kg ha-1 of steviol glycosides. The best quality was achieved with one cut just before flowering (12.2 % of steviol glycosides, 0.35 of Reb A to Stev ratio). The average uptakes of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S were 35.6, 4.8, 59.9, 14.2, 5.2, and 1.6 kg t-1 of leaf.

La estevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) está acaparando atención debido a su poder edulcorante. El cultivo de la estevia es relativamente desconocido todavía en Europa y se conoce muy poco acerca de sus necesidades nutricionales. Por tanto, se necesitan estudios agronómicos. En 2014 y 2015 se llevaron a cabo ensayos de campo en el interior de España, para evaluar el rendimiento, calidad y extracciones minerales de la estevia en función de la densidad de plantación y del régimen de cosecha. En 2014, se estudió las dinámicas de crecimiento, calidad y acumulación de nutrientes durante el período vegetativo en función de tres densidades de plantación (5.0, 7.5 y 10.0 plantas m-2). No se encontraron diferencias significativas. El contenido de glucósidos de esteviol disminuyó intensamente en la floración, mientras que los rendimientos de hoja y glucósidos de esteviol continuaron aumentando durante treinta días más. En el año 2015 se estudió el rendimiento, calidad y extracciones minerales en función de las tres mismas densidades y de tres regímenes de cosecha (uno, dos y tres cortes al año; todos antes de la floración). Ambos factores tuvieron una influencia significativa en la mayoría de los parámetros estudiados. La mejor calidad y el mayor rendimiento se obtuvieron con manejos del cultivo diferentes. El rendimiento más alto se alcanzó con 10 plantas m- 2 y con dos cortes al año, consiguiendo alrededor de 6.000 kg ha-1 de hoja y 650 kg ha-1 de glucósidos de esteviol. La mejor calidad se logró con un solo corte justo antes de la floración (12.2 % de glucósidos de esteviol, 0.35 de relación Reb A:Stev). Las extracciones medias de N, P, K, Ca, Mg y S fueron 35.6, 4.8, 59.9, 14.2, 5.2 y 1.6 kg t-1 de hoja.

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Cómo citar

APA

Matías Prieto, J. y Cruz Sobrado, V. (2022). Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate. Acta Agronómica, 70(4), 421–430. https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v70n4.84795

ACM

[1]
Matías Prieto, J. y Cruz Sobrado, V. 2022. Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate. Acta Agronómica. 70, 4 (may 2022), 421–430. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v70n4.84795.

ACS

(1)
Matías Prieto, J.; Cruz Sobrado, V. Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate. Acta Agron. 2022, 70, 421-430.

ABNT

MATÍAS PRIETO, J.; CRUZ SOBRADO, V. Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate. Acta Agronómica, [S. l.], v. 70, n. 4, p. 421–430, 2022. DOI: 10.15446/acag.v70n4.84795. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/84795. Acesso em: 5 jun. 2024.

Chicago

Matías Prieto, Javier, y Verónica Cruz Sobrado. 2022. «Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate». Acta Agronómica 70 (4):421-30. https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v70n4.84795.

Harvard

Matías Prieto, J. y Cruz Sobrado, V. (2022) «Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate», Acta Agronómica, 70(4), pp. 421–430. doi: 10.15446/acag.v70n4.84795.

IEEE

[1]
J. Matías Prieto y V. Cruz Sobrado, «Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate», Acta Agron., vol. 70, n.º 4, pp. 421–430, may 2022.

MLA

Matías Prieto, J., y V. Cruz Sobrado. «Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate». Acta Agronómica, vol. 70, n.º 4, mayo de 2022, pp. 421-30, doi:10.15446/acag.v70n4.84795.

Turabian

Matías Prieto, Javier, y Verónica Cruz Sobrado. «Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate». Acta Agronómica 70, no. 4 (mayo 7, 2022): 421–430. Accedido junio 5, 2024. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/84795.

Vancouver

1.
Matías Prieto J, Cruz Sobrado V. Yield, quality, and nutrient uptake of stevia under continental Mediterranean climate. Acta Agron. [Internet]. 7 de mayo de 2022 [citado 5 de junio de 2024];70(4):421-30. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/84795

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