The use of verb valency patterns in the Indonesian monolingual learner’s dictionary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/lexi.24995Keywords:
Learner's dictionary, frame semantics, verb valency patterns, verb affixesAbstract
The verb is one of the most perplexing features for learners of BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing “Indonesian for foreign speakers”). Indonesian verbs are particularly rich in affixes that correspond to their numerous senses. The learners find it challenging to use verbs with the appropriate affixes in a sentence structure. To function effectively as a learning tool, dictionaries must provide morphological and grammatical information. Frame semantics theory is used in this research to determine a verb’s meaning based on its semantic context and frame. The verb is described by identifying the grammatical constructions in which it participates, and by characterizing all of the obligatory and optional types of companions. By doing this, we can obtain the verb valency pattern to add to a dictionary’s morphological and grammatical information. This study aims to create entry models of affixed verbs with the valency pattern. The six transitive verbs for discussion comprise a variety of affixes with various senses: mempersembahkan “to present/dedicate”; membersihkan “to clean”; mencintai “to love”; memperlancar “to expedite”; memperbaiki “to fix”; and memberlakukan “to apply”. These entries serve as models for the BIPA learner’s dictionary.
References
Abdelzaher, E. M., Elghamry, K., and El-Attar, A. A. (2017). A corpus-based Arabic valency dictionary: The case of fighting verbs. Egyptian Journal of Language Engineering, 4(1), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejle.2017.59407
Allan, K. (2001). Natural language semantics. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Amalia, D. (2014). “Bottom-up” approach in making verb entries in a monolingual Indonesian learner’s dictionary. Lexicography, 1(1), 73–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40607-014-0001-4
Atkins, B. T. S., and Rundell, M. (2008). The Oxford guide to practical lexicography. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Atkins, B T. S., and Varantola, K. (1998). Language learners using dictionaries: The final report of the EURALEX- and AILA-sponsored research project into dictionary use. In B. T. S. Atkins (Ed.), Using dictionaries: Studies of dictionary use by language learners and translators (pp. 21–82). Tubingen: Niemeyer. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110929997
Atkins, B. T. S., Rundell, M., and Sato, H. (2003). The contribution of FrameNet to practical lexicography. International Journal of Lexicography, 16(3), 333–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/16.3.333
Atkins, S., Fillmore, C. J., and Johnson, C. R. (2003). Lexicographic relevance: Selecting information from corpus evidence. International Journal of Lexicography, 16(3), 251–280. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/16.3.251
Dalpanagioti, T. (2019). From corpus usages to cognitively informed dictionary senses: Reconstructing an MLD entry for the verb float. Lexicography, 6(2), 75–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40607-019-00059-5
Dziemianko, A. (2006). User-friendliness of verb syntax in pedagogical dictionaries of English. Lexicographica Series Maior vol. 130. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110941098
Fillmore, C. J. (1982). Frame semantics. In I. Yang (Ed.), Linguistics in the morning calm (pp. 111–137). Selected papers from SICOL-1981. Seoul: Hanshin.
Fillmore, C. J., Johnson, C. R., and Petruck, M. R. L. (2003). Background to FrameNet. International Journal of Lexicography, 16(3), 235–250. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/16.3.235
Fontenelle, T. (2008). Practical lexicography: A reader. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
FrameNet (2021) About FrameNet. Retrieved March 12, 2021, from http://framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu
Gao, J., and Liu, H. (2020). Valency dictionaries and Chinese vocabulary acquisition for foreign learners. Lexikos, 30(1), 111–142. https://doi.org/10.5788/30-1-1548
Hartmann, R. R. K., & Gregory, J. (2001). Dictionary of lexicography. London: Routledge.
Herbs, T., Heath, D., Roe, I. F., and Götz, D. (Eds.) (2004). A valency dictionary of English: A corpus-based analysis of the complementation patterns of English verbs, nouns and adjectives. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110892581
Moeliono, A. M., Lapoliwa, H., Alwi, H., Tjatur, S. S., Sasangka, W., and Sugiyono, S. (2017). Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia [Indonesian standard grammar] (4th ed.). Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.
Lew, R., and Dziemianko, A. (2006). A new type of folk-inspired definition in English monolingual learners’ dictionaries and its usefulness for conveying syntactic information. International Journal of Lexicography, 19(3), 225–242. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecl011
Reichardt, R. (2013). Valency sentence patterns and meaning interpretation: Case study of the verb consider. Doctoral thesis, University of Birmingham.
Rundell, M. (2006). Learners’ dictionaries. In K. Brown (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and linguistics (pp. 739–743). Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00427-2
Sketch Engine (2023). Home: Lexical Computing CZ. Retrieved February 25, 2023, from https://www.sketchengine.eu
Uchida, S. (2011). A frame semantic approach to lexicographic evaluation. In Lexicography: Theoretical and practical perspectives (pp. 526–535). Seventh ASIALEX Biennial International Conference, August 22–24, Kyoto, Japan.
Zainudin, I. S., Jalaludin, N. H., and Abu Bakar, K. T. (2013). The use of corpus and frame semantics in a lexicography class: Evaluating dictionary entries. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 2316–2320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.566
Zainudin, I. S., Jalaluddin, N. H., and Abdullah, I. H. (2014). Meaning in Malay-English dictionaries: An application of frame semantics and the FrameNet. Kajian Malaysia, 32(1), 131–149.