본 연구는 안구운동측정을 이용하여 실험 과제들을 수행하는 성인 ADHD 성향군이 억제능력의 결함과 안구운동패턴에서 유의한 차이를 지니고 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 1에서는 실행기능의 억제 측정에서 대표적인 인지 과제 ‘스트룹 과제’를 안구운동장비에 사용가능하도록 수정하여 사용하였다. 연구 2에서는 연구 1에서 사용한 ‘스트룹 과제’를 수정하여 스트룹 과제가 제시되기 전 선행 자극으로 점화 단서를 제시한 ‘점화 단서-스트룹 과제’를 시행하였다. 분석 결과, 연구 1에서는 성인 ADHD 성향군이 통제군과 비교하여 자극에 대한 평균반응시간에서 유의한 수준의 차이를 나타냈으며 동공크기, 응시점 수에서는 집단 간 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 2에서는 ADHD 성향군이 모든 과제에서 통제군보다 느린 평균반응시간을 나타냈으며 통제군이 관련-불일치 자극과 비관련-불일치자극에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과들은 성인 ADHD 성향군이 실행기능 중 억제능력의 결함으로 인하여 자극 탐색을 효율적으로 하지 못하는 것과 관련이 있다. 즉, 성인 ADHD 성향군은 제공되는 정보를 선택적으로 처리하고 지속적으로 주의 유지와 철회하는 것에 어려움을 경험하고 있는 것을 의미한다. 종합적으로 볼 때, 본 연구의 결과들은 성인 ADHD 주요 특성 중 억제능력 결함이 정보처리에 미치는 영향과 성인 ADHD의 안구운동 패턴에 대한 유의미한 차이를 확인하였다. 이에 따라 본 연구의 결과는 성인 ADHD의 증상과 특성을 이해하는데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.
This study aimed to investigate the characteristic of adult ADHD by assessing the inhibition deficit in adult ADHD. That is, this study intended to examined whether primary symptoms of ADHD such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity continued until adulthood. Therefore, Adults ADHD were compared with controls using two neuropsychological experiment tasks. First, we used the modified Stroop task through eye-tracker. Stroop task is used to investigate adult ADHD with deficit through movement and control of attention. Later, we used the modified Stroop task and Priming-Stroop task to examine ADHD tendency concerning deficit of sustainable attention and response inhibition. As a result, lower response time was observed in ADHD tendency groups than in the control group. Beside, higher Stroop effect rate was observed in ADHD tendency groups than in the control group, and two groups had different response accuracy. That is, ADHD tendency groups responded too slowly and impulsively. This means that ADHD tendency groups had differences between them. These results show that ADHD tendency groups, compared to control group, had a difficulty in controlling attention and inhibition. We found that the ADHD tendency groups has impulsive and inattentive tendencies. The results of this study can be valuable in understanding the characteristic symptoms in adult ADHD tendency group. However, these results have some limitations and cannot be generalized to adult ADHD. Future studies, are necessary to generalize characteristics of adult ADHD by conducting tasks with other samples.
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