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Huhn, Oliver; Rhein, Monika; Bulsiewicz, Klaus; Sültenfuß, Jürgen (2021): Noble gas (He, Ne isotopes) and transient tracer (CFC-11 and CFC-12) measurements from POLARSTERN cruise PS100 (northeast Greenland, 2016). PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.931336

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Abstract:
Noble gases (3He, 4He, 20Ne, 22Ne)
In total we took 650 water samples for stable noble gas isotopes (3He, 4He, 20Ne, 22Ne) in copper tubes from 69 stations in Fram Strait, on the north-eastern Greenland shelf and nearby 79 North Glacier (79NG, Nioghalvfjerdsbræ). The water samples were stored from the CTD/water bottle system without contact to atmospheric air and preventing air bubbles into gas tight copper tubes, which are clamped of at both sides.
In the IUP Bremen noble gas lab the samples were pre-processed with a UHV (ultra high vacuum) gas extraction system. Sample gases are transferred via water vapour into a glass ampoule kept at liquid nitrogen temperature. For analysis of the noble gas isotopes the glass ampoules are connected to a fully automated UHV mass spectrometric system equipped with a two stage cryogenic system. Regularly, the system is calibrated with atmospheric air standards (reproducibility <0.2%). Also measurement of line blanks and linearity are done. The performance of the Bremen facility is described in Sültenfuß et al. (2009).
The total errors for the noble gas measurements are estimated to be 0.4% for 4He, 0.4% for total Ne, and 0.4% for δ3He.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12)
For the transient tracers (chlorofluorocarbons, CFC-11 and CFC-12), we took samples on 80 stations in Fram Strait, on the north-eastern Greenland shelf and nearby 79 North Glacier (79NG, Nioghalvfjerdsbræ). The Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC-11 and CFC-12) water samples from the CTD-bottle-system were stored in glass ampoules without contact to the atmosphere during the tapping. Immediately after sampling the ampoules are flame sealed after a CFC free headspace of pure nitrogen had been applied.
The determination of CFC concentrations in the IUP Bremen gas chromatography lab is accomplished by purge and trap sample pre-treatment followed by gas chromatographic (GC) separation on a capillary column and electron capture detection (ECD). The system is calibrated by analyzing several different volumes of a known standard gas. The loss of CFCs into the headspace is considered by a careful equilibration between liquid and gas phase under controlled conditions before the sealed ampoules are opened and a precise measurement of the volume of the headspace. CFC concentrations are calibrated on SIO98 scale (Prinn et al., 2000). A more detailed description of the measurement system is given by Bulsiewicz et at. (1998).
The overall accuracy is estimated to be 1.5% for CFC-11 and 1.0% for CFC-12. The accuracy accounts for uncertainties of calibrated sample volume, calibration curve, extraction efficiency, standard and working gas, water blank, etc.
These noble-gas and CFC data are related to Kanzow et al. (2017). They will be first published in Huhn et al 2021, in prep).
Acknowledgment
We thank master and crew of FS Polarstern cruise PS 100. This work was partly funded by the DFG in the framework of the Priority Program SPP 1889 "Regional Sea Level and Society", grants RH25/43 to M. Rhein and HU 1544/7 to O. Huhn).
Keyword(s):
CFC11; CFC12; He; Helium; Ne; Neon; noblegas; Northeast Greenland; Polarstern; PS100; transient tracer
Related to:
Huhn, Oliver; Rhein, Monika; Kanzow, Torsten; Schaffer, Janin; Sültenfuß, Jürgen (2021): Submarine Meltwater From Nioghalvfjerdsbræ (79 North Glacier), Northeast Greenland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(7), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017224
Kanzow, Torsten; von Appen, Wilken-Jon; Schaffer, Janin; Köhn, Eike; Tsubouchi, Takamasa; Wilson, Nat; Wisotzki, Andreas (2017): Physical oceanography measured on water bottle samples from CTD/Large volume Watersampler-system during POLARSTERN cruise PS100 (ARK-XXX/2). Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871028
Further details:
Bulsiewicz, Klaus; Rose, Henning; Klatt, Olaf; Putzka, Alfred; Roether, Wolfgang (1998): A capillary-column chromatographic system for efficient chlorofluorocarbon measurement in ocean waters. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(C8), 15959-15970, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JC00140
Prinn, Ronald G M; Weiss, Ray F; Fraser, Paul J B; Simmonds, Peter; Cunnold, Derek M; Alyea, F N; O'Doherty, Simon; Salameh, P K; Miller, B R; Huang, J; Wang, R H J; Hartley, D E; Harth, C; Steele, L P; Sturrock, G; Midgley, P M; McCulloch, A (2000): A history of chemically and radiatively important gases in air deduced from ALE/GAGE/AGAGE. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 105(D14), 17751-17792, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900141
Sültenfuß, Jürgen; Roether, Wolfgang; Rhein, Monika (2009): The Bremen mass spectrometric facility for the measurement of helium isotopes, neon, and tritium in water. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 45(2), 83-95, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010902871929
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. 273739224: Priority Programme 1889 Regional Sea Level Change and Society
German Research Foundation (DFG), grant/award no. RH25/43-1: Estimates of basal melt water from Greenland: a driver for sea level changes
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 79.151549 * Median Longitude: -8.114610 * South-bound Latitude: 75.114830 * West-bound Longitude: -19.779000 * North-bound Latitude: 80.750500 * East-bound Longitude: 9.280000
Date/Time Start: 2016-07-20T08:05:00 * Date/Time End: 2016-08-31T20:02:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 7.7 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 3153.5 m
Event(s):
PS100/002-1 * Latitude: 75.114830 * Longitude: 8.600830 * Date/Time: 2016-07-20T08:05:00 * Elevation: -2672.3 m * Location: Norwegian Sea * Campaign: PS100 (ARK-XXX/2, GN05) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: CTD/Rosette (CTD-RO)
PS100/013-2 * Latitude: 77.497670 * Longitude: 9.280000 * Date/Time: 2016-07-21T12:49:00 * Elevation: -1969.1 m * Location: North Greenland Sea * Campaign: PS100 (ARK-XXX/2, GN05) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: CTD/Rosette (CTD-RO)
PS100/015-2 * Latitude: 78.999330 * Longitude: 8.328000 * Date/Time: 2016-07-22T20:17:00 * Elevation: -784.0 m * Location: North Greenland Sea * Campaign: PS100 (ARK-XXX/2, GN05) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: CTD Large (CTD-L)
Comment:
The tracer data set was carefully checked for accurate measurements and outliers. According to the WOCE standards the following flags were applied to each measurement:
flag 2 = good
flag 3 = doubtful
flag 4 = bad
flag 6 = mean of replicates
flag 9 = no measurement (then, the data value is missing)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1Event labelEventHuhn, Oliver
2Date/Time of eventDate/TimeHuhn, Oliver
3Latitude of eventLatitudeHuhn, Oliver
4Longitude of eventLongitudeHuhn, Oliver
5Elevation of eventElevationmHuhn, Oliver
6Bottle numberBottleHuhn, Oliver
7DEPTH, waterDepth watermHuhn, OliverGeocode
8Pressure, waterPressdbarHuhn, Oliver
9Freon-11 (trichorofluoromethane)CFC-11pmol/kgBulsiewicz, KlausGas chromatographic (GC) separation on a capillary column, electron capture detection (ECD)overall accuracy 1.5%
10Quality flagQFBulsiewicz, KlausQuality flag according to WOCECFC-11-Flag
11Freon-12 (dichlorodifluoromethane)CFC-12pmol/kgBulsiewicz, KlausGas chromatographic (GC) separation on a capillary column, electron capture detection (ECD)overall accuracy 1.0%
12Quality flagQFBulsiewicz, KlausQuality flag according to WOCECFC-12-Flag
13Helium-44Henmol/kgSültenfuß, JürgenUltra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometrytotal error ±0.4%
14Quality flagQFSültenfuß, JürgenQuality flag according to WOCEHe-Flag
15δ Helium-3δ3He%Sültenfuß, JürgenUltra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometry100 x ([3He/4He]obs/[3He/4He]atm.- 1); total error ±0.4%
16Quality flagQFSültenfuß, JürgenQuality flag according to WOCEd3He-Flag
17NeonNEONnmol/kgSültenfuß, JürgenUltra high vacuum (UHV) mass spectrometrytotal Ne = 20Ne+22Ne; total error ±0.4%
18Quality flagQFSültenfuß, JürgenQuality flag according to WOCENeon-Flag
Status:
Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)
Size:
9189 data points

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