Abstract
An experimental research was performed on the complete compressive stress–strain relationship for unconfined and confined concrete after exposure to freeze–thaw cycles. For the unconfined concrete, tests were carried out on three series of prisms specimens (100 mm × 100 mm × 300 mm) with water/cement ratio of 0.60, 0.54 and 0.48 respectively. While for confined concrete, two series of tied columns (150 mm × 150 mm × 450 mm prisms) with confinement index of 0.317 and 0.145 were prepared. Analytical models for the stress–strain relationship of frozen-thawed unconfined and confined concrete were empirically developed respectively. Through the regression analysis, formulations for the main parameters were established, including the compressive strength, peak strain and elastic modulus. Compared with the available experimental data, the proposed models were shown to be applicable to concrete after different numbers of freeze–thaw cycles.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fagerlund G (2001) Modeling the service life of concrete exposed to frost. American Ceramic Society, Westerville, pp 195–204
Pigeon M, Pleau R (1995) Durability of concrete in cold climates. Taylor & Francis, London
Hassan M, Nagai K, Sato Y, Ueda T (2002) Tensile stress-crack width model for plain concrete damaged by freezing and thawing action. Proc JCI 24(2):109–114
Panchenko AI (1997) Frost failure and rapid test method of concrete frost resistance. In: Setzer MJ, Auberg R (eds) Frost resistance of concrete. E&FN Spon, London, pp 299–306
Shang HS, Song YP (2006) Experimental study of strength and deformation of plain concrete under biaxial compression after freezing and thawing cycles. Cem Concr Res 36(10):1857–1864
Zou CY, Zhao J, Liang F, Ba HJ (2007) Experimental study on stress–strain relationship of concrete in freeze-thaw environment. J Harbin Inst Technol 39(2):229–231 (in Chinese)
Hasan M, Okuyama H, Sato Y, Ueda T (2004) Stress–strain model of concrete damaged by freezing and thawing cycles. J Adv Concr Technol 2(1):89–99
Hasan M, Ueda T, Sato Y (2008) Stress–strain relationship of frost-damaged concrete subjected to fatigue loading. J Mater Civ Eng 20(1):37–45
Petersen L, Lohaus L, Polak MA (2007) Influence of freezing-and-thawing damage on behavior of reinforced concrete elements. ACI Mater J 104(4):369–378
Ministry of Construction of PRC (2003) Chinese Standard GB/T 50081-2002, Standard for test method of mechanical properties on ordinary concrete. China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing (in Chinese)
Concrete Institute of China Academy of Building Research (1997) Chinese Standard GBJ82-85, Test method for durability of normal concrete. China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing (in Chinese)
American Society for Test and Material (1995) C666. Standard test method for resistance of concrete to rapid freezing and thawing. ASTM International, West Conshohocken
Popovics S (1973) A numerical approach to the complete stress–strain curve of concrete. Cem Concr Res 3(5):243–248
Carreira D, Chu KH (1985) Stress–strain relationship for plain concrete in compression. ACI J 82(6):797–804
Guo ZH, Zhang XQ (1982) Experimental investigation of the complete stress–strain curve of concrete. J Build Struct 3(1):1–12 (in Chinese)
Seber GAF, Wild CJ (2003) Nonlinear regression. Wiley, Hoboken
Petersson PE, Tang L (1999) Using the slab test for detecting internal damage of concrete subjected to freezing and thawing. In: Jassen J, Setzer MJ, Snyder MB (eds) Frost damage in concrete. RILEM Publications S.A.R.L, Minneapolis, pp 149–160
Auberg R, Setzer MJ (1997) Influence of water uptake during freezing and thawing. In: Setzer MJ, Auberg R (eds) Frost resistance of concrete. E&FN Spon, London, pp 184–193
Utgenannt P, Petersson PE (1997) Influence of preconditioning on scaling resistance for different types of test surfaces. In: Setzer MJ, Auberg R (eds) Frost resistance of concrete. E&FN Spon, London, pp 184–193
Sheikh SA, Uzumer SM (1980) Strength and ductility of tied concrete columns. Proc ASCE 106(5):1079–1102
Sargin M (1971) Effects on lateral reinforcement upon the strength and deformation properties of concrete. Mag Concr Res 23(75):99–108
Cusson D, Paultre P (1995) Stress–strain model for confined high-strength concrete. J Struct Eng 121(3):468–477
Lokuge WP, Sanjayan JG, Setunge S (2005) Stress–strain model for laterally confined concrete. J Mater Civ Eng 17(6):607–616
Peng T, Li JY, Cao JG (2003) Quality check and anti-freeze evaluation on the face slab for the upper reservoir of Shisanling pumped storage power station. Water Power 29(1):65–67 (in Chinese)
Acknowledgments
This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50538060), and National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China (No. 20100471740). The authors thank all the staff and technicians in the lab for their various suggestions and assistance during this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Duan, A., Jin, W. & Qian, J. Effect of freeze–thaw cycles on the stress–strain curves of unconfined and confined concrete. Mater Struct 44, 1309–1324 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-010-9702-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-010-9702-9