Abstract
Inspired by the photoelectric effect, a phototube is incorporated into a simple neural circuit, and then the output voltage and dynamics become sensitive to external illumination within a specific frequency band. The firing modes are also dependent on the amplitude and frequency band in the illumination. In this paper, the signal outputs from a chaotic circuit are used as external optical signals, which are filtered and encoded by a phototube. Then, the functional neural circuit is excited to present a variety of firing modes and patterns. An exponential function of the filtering wave is proposed to discover the biophysical mechanism for frequency selection in the retina as most of wave bands of the external illumination are absorbed in the cathode material of the phototube while a specific band is effective in inducing a photocurrent for stimulating the visual neurons. Based on our light-sensitive neural circuit and model, external illumination is filtered and firing modes in the neuron are reproduced; furthermore, the mode transition induced by parameter shift is also investigated in detail. This result discovers the signal processing mechanism in the visual neurons and provides helpful guidance for designing artificial sensors for encoding optical signals and for repairing abnormalities in the retina of the visual system.
摘要
目 的
研究视觉神经元对光信号识别和响应的物理学机制, 以及其控制策略.
创新点
1. 以光敏神经元电路为例, 设计了基于 Heaviside 函数的滤波标准, 并对多频段信号源进行滤波, 揭示了光敏神经元对光信号选频的机制; 2. 该方法也可以适用于揭示听觉系统选频机制.
方 法
1. 把光电管连接到一类简单的电阻-电感-电容 (RLC) 神经元电路中, 光电管中激发的电流会驱动神经元电路来产生各种模态; 2. 以混沌电路输出作为外界宽频信号源, 设计一类滤波函数标准对宽频信号进行选频.
结 论
1. 选频过程类似于视觉神经元对外界光照频段的选择, 设计不同的选频阈值可以控制滤波信号的频段和幅度, 进而影响神经元的放电模态和斑图, 即神经元对外界光照要么不响应, 要么产生恰当的放电模态; 2. 选频标准的核心在于滤波函数的上限和下限阈值; 从实验角度可以在光电管阴极镀膜或者在光电管窗口多次镀膜来对入射光进行过滤或者增强投射; 在设定阈值频率之外的光照则被光电管的镀层材料吸收, 达到滤波的目的.
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Xiu-fang ZHANG designed the research, processed the corresponding data, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Jun MA helped to organize the manuscript, and revised and edited the final version.
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Xiu-fang ZHANG and Jun MA declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12072139)
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Zhang, Xf., Ma, J. Wave filtering and firing modes in a light-sensitive neural circuit. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 22, 707–720 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2100323
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2100323