미술은행 제도가 도입된 지 12년이 되었다. 미술은행은 신진작가 지원과 국민의 문화향유권 제고를 위해 도입되었으나, 2008년 금융위기 이후 미술시장 침체 여파로 점차 미술시장 활성화 정책으로 성격이 바뀌게 되었다. 이 연구는 미술은행의 이러한 성격 변화가 타당한것인지 재점검해 보기 위해 시작되었다. 연구자는 미술은행의 미술품이 건축물의 공공공간에 설치된다는 점에서 공공미술로 보아야 한다는 관점을 제시하고, 미술은행을 미술시장 정책이 아니라 공공미술 정책으로 재정립하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 첫째, 미술은행에 관한 선행연구를 검토하고, 미술은행이 건축 속의 미술로서 공공미술이라는 점을 규명하였다. 둘째, 미술은행의 현황을 미술은행, 정부미술은행, 지역미술은행, 자치단체 소유 미술품까지 포괄하여 살펴보았다. 셋째, 공공미술 관점에서 미술은행의 문제점을 정책우선순위의 혼동과 공공성 저하, 지역미술은행의 불분명한 운영모델과 자치단체 소유 미술품의 관리 부실, 민간 부분 미술품 대여서비스의 부상과 미술은행의 충돌가능성으로 살펴보고 개선방안을 제시하였다. 넷째, 공공미술로서 미술은행의 재편방안으로 미술은행, 건축물 미술작품 제도, 공공미술사업 등을 포괄하는 공공미술 통합운영체계 구축, 지역공공미술재단의 설치 및 운영지원, 이를 뒷받침하는 공공미술법의 제정방안을 제시하였다.
The art bank was introduced in 2005 and has been operated over 12 years. In the beginning, the purpose of the art bank was to support emerging visual artists and to increase peoples’s cultural enjoyment for the contemporary arts in the everyday life. However, its purpose has been changed as an art market policy since international financial crisis in 2008. The aim of this thesis is to reexamine art bank as an art market policy in the matrix of visual arts policy in Korea. I suggested that art bank is a kind of public art, art in architecture program based on purchasing and renting. First, I reviewed previous researches on art bank and clarified art bank as a public art program. Second, I analyzed the status of the various art banks operated by the central and regional governments. Third, I pointed out the problems of art banks and suggested alternative operating guidelines in the perspective of public art. Finally, in order to reposition art bank as public art, I made three suggestions – establishment of the total management system in the national level, regional public art foundations, and public art law including art bank, government art collection, the percent for art scheme etc.
The art bank was introduced in 2005 and has been operated over 12 years. In the beginning, the purpose of the art bank was to support emerging visual artists and to increase peoples’s cultural enjoyment for the contemporary arts in the everyday life. However, its purpose has been changed as an art market policy since international financial crisis in 2008. The aim of this thesis is to reexamine art bank as an art market policy in the matrix of visual arts policy in Korea. I suggested that art bank is a kind of public art, art in architecture program based on purchasing and renting. First, I reviewed previous researches on art bank and clarified art bank as a public art program. Second, I analyzed the status of the various art banks operated by the central and regional governments. Third, I pointed out the problems of art banks and suggested alternative operating guidelines in the perspective of public art. Finally, in order to reposition art bank as public art, I made three suggestions – establishment of the total management system in the national level, regional public art foundations, and public art law including art bank, government art collection, the percent for art scheme etc.
