본 논문에서는 형사조정위원의 역할에 대하여 크게 세 가지 측면을 중심으로 논의를 전개하였다.
첫째, 사건 당사자가 아닌 제 3자 역할이라는 측면에서 형사조정위원은 사건 당사자가 사건해결의 주도자가 되도록 하여야 하고, 당사자간의 적극적인 의사소통과 상호작용을 촉진하고 관리하며, 조정회의 진행과정에서 조정회의에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 요소에 대한 모니터링을 하여야 한다.
둘째, 형사조정모델과 관련하여 화해형모델과 문제해결형모델에 근거한 역할 수행에서는 형사조정회의가 지나치게 손해배상을 둘러싼 금전적인 보상에만 초점을 두지 않고 당사자간의 관계회복에 이를 수 있는 조정이 되도록 하는 조정위원의 역할을 강조하였다.
셋째, 형사조정이 이루어지는 형사조정회의의 진행단계별 역할에서는 우선 조정회의 준비과정에서 사건내용 파악과 필요시 조정위원과 당사자간의 사전접촉, 조정위원간 사전미팅 등을 제시하였다.
개회단계에서는 조정회의 참가자 상호 인사, 조정제도 소개, 조정위원 소개, 조정이후 절차, 조정회의 진행규칙 설명 등이 필요하며, 사실 및 쟁점 확인 단계에서는 사건내용에 대한 참가자들의 인식의 일치, 효과적인 의사소통 기술 등을 제시하였다. 의제설정 및 교섭단계에서는 의제설정에 있어서 당사자 주도방식과 조정위원 주도방식에 따른 역할 수행, 경쟁적 교섭이 아닌 협력적 교섭이 이루어지도록 하는 방안, 조정안의 구성에 있어서 유의할 점 등을 제시하였다. 종료단계에서는 합의안이 도출된 경우와 도출되지 않는 경우로 구분하여 조정위원이 수행할 역할을 제시하였다.
이상과 같은 조정위원의 역할이 효과적으로 수행되기 위해서는 우선 지나치게 조정의 성립율에 집착하지 말아야 하며, 당사자 스스로 사건해결의 주도자라는 인식을 갖고 적극적으로 노력하는 자세를 이끌어 내기 위해서 당사자에 대한 사전 계도가 필요하며, 형사조정의뢰 사건의 적합성에 대한 철저한 검토가 반드시 선행되어야 하며, 적극적인 대화와 조정활동이 이루어질 수 있도록 조정회의 시간의 충분한 확보와 일정 조정이 필요하다.
The purpose of this study is to suggest the role of mediators in criminal mediation program. The role of mediators can be suggested from three aspects: general role as a third party of criminal case, the role of according to mediation models and processing stages of mediation conference. There are three roles for mediators in the aspects of general role. First of all, the mediator must actively give the motivation to solve the criminal case to the victim and the offender. Second, the mediator must promote and manage the communication between the victim and the offender. Finally, the mediator must monitor in order to eliminate negative elements that disturb the atmosphere of mediation conference. Criminal mediation model can be divided into problem-solving model that focuses on recovering the damage from criminal case and conciliation model that focuses on recovering destroyed relationship between the victim and the offender. The appropriate role of mediators is not to only focus on compensation for damages but to emphasize the recovery of relationship between victim and offender. On the preparation stage of mediation conference, the mediator should execute an exact understanding about mediation case, an pre-contact with victim and offender, and a prior meeting with mediators. At the opening stage of conference, the mediator should give greetings, introduce the participants, and explain the procedure of mediation and rules of conference. On the stage of storytelling and issue identification, the mediator should put an effort to help participants to synchronize recognition about the case and show an effective communication skill. On the stage of setting the agenda and negotiation, if possible, the mediator should lead the victim and the offender to set the agenda by themselves and make it as a cooperative negotiation not a competitive negotiation. On the stage of settle and closure, the mediator should pay attention to making an agreement and confirmation, and if it fails, the mediator should put an effort for a second mediation conference.
The purpose of this study is to suggest the role of mediators in criminal mediation program. The role of mediators can be suggested from three aspects: general role as a third party of criminal case, the role of according to mediation models and processing stages of mediation conference. There are three roles for mediators in the aspects of general role. First of all, the mediator must actively give the motivation to solve the criminal case to the victim and the offender. Second, the mediator must promote and manage the communication between the victim and the offender. Finally, the mediator must monitor in order to eliminate negative elements that disturb the atmosphere of mediation conference. Criminal mediation model can be divided into problem-solving model that focuses on recovering the damage from criminal case and conciliation model that focuses on recovering destroyed relationship between the victim and the offender. The appropriate role of mediators is not to only focus on compensation for damages but to emphasize the recovery of relationship between victim and offender. On the preparation stage of mediation conference, the mediator should execute an exact understanding about mediation case, an pre-contact with victim and offender, and a prior meeting with mediators. At the opening stage of conference, the mediator should give greetings, introduce the participants, and explain the procedure of mediation and rules of conference. On the stage of storytelling and issue identification, the mediator should put an effort to help participants to synchronize recognition about the case and show an effective communication skill. On the stage of setting the agenda and negotiation, if possible, the mediator should lead the victim and the offender to set the agenda by themselves and make it as a cooperative negotiation not a competitive negotiation. On the stage of settle and closure, the mediator should pay attention to making an agreement and confirmation, and if it fails, the mediator should put an effort for a second mediation conference.
