한국 사회가 급격히 다문화사회로 접어들면서 다문화교육의 효과적인 실천에 필요한 법제의 체계성과 그 적절성에 대한 근본적인 검토가 요청되고 있다. 그동안의 다문화 사회화를 바라보는 국가정책적 접근 프레임은 아쉽게도 동화주의 모델(assimilation model)과 ‘피’의 순수성과 ‘정체성’의 확실성을 기준으로한 차별적인 포섭과 배제가 강한 법제에 기반하고 있다. 이러한 국가정책 프레임 상의 한계로 인하여 정책 대상 범위가 일반학생, 학부모, 교사보다는 각 부처별로 분절화 내지 파편화된 각종의 다문화교육정책들의 ‘대상’이 된 ‘합법적’ 이주민과 그 자녀 위주로 좁혀져 왔으며, 추구 목표 측면에서도 여전히 한국 주류 사회에 대한 일방적 편입을 중요시하는 것으로 나타났다. 무엇보다 실천적 측면에서 다문화 정책 총괄부처(기관)의 부재는 예산 및 행정력의 낭비와 비효율을 초래하고 있고, 정책의 효과성도 제약하고 있다. 따라서 다문화주의 모델(multicultural model)에 근거한 입법 프레임의 전환이라는 기반 위에서 다문화 관련 기본법의 제정을 본격적으로 검토할 필요가 있으며, 효과적인 다문화 교육 추진을 위한 법적 근거로서 교육 법령 체제의 개편 및 관련 부처·기관간 협업체제의 구축이 수반될 필요가 있음을 제안하였다.
The purpose of this paper is to review of the current issues and problems on the legislation of multicultural education and to explore some future directions for consolidation of legislation. Building on the theoretical segmentation of Castle & Miller (2003), the current legislation on the multicultural education seems to be more based on assimilation model rather than multicultural model. Furthermore, Berry’s (1997) direct differentiation between ‘purity of blood’ and ‘solidity of identification’ tells that discriminatory inclusion and exclusion has been widely spread over the current legislation on multicultural society. By these limits of frame and approach, the beneficiaries have been narrowed to ‘legal’ immigrants and policy objectives of the related laws have asked them to be unilaterally included into the mainstream Korean society. In the meantime, the lack of control tower to coordinate all the related central and local governments and agencies has generated the possibility of waste of budget and administrative power. It is time to significantly reconsider the legislation of fundamental law for multicultural society, integration of scattered executions, establishment of control tower agency, and related education laws need to be consolidated based on multicultural model.
The purpose of this paper is to review of the current issues and problems on the legislation of multicultural education and to explore some future directions for consolidation of legislation. Building on the theoretical segmentation of Castle & Miller (2003), the current legislation on the multicultural education seems to be more based on assimilation model rather than multicultural model. Furthermore, Berry’s (1997) direct differentiation between ‘purity of blood’ and ‘solidity of identification’ tells that discriminatory inclusion and exclusion has been widely spread over the current legislation on multicultural society. By these limits of frame and approach, the beneficiaries have been narrowed to ‘legal’ immigrants and policy objectives of the related laws have asked them to be unilaterally included into the mainstream Korean society. In the meantime, the lack of control tower to coordinate all the related central and local governments and agencies has generated the possibility of waste of budget and administrative power. It is time to significantly reconsider the legislation of fundamental law for multicultural society, integration of scattered executions, establishment of control tower agency, and related education laws need to be consolidated based on multicultural model.
