이 논문은 한국교육의 과거를 이끈 주요 사상이었던 주자학과 불교가 교육의 요체를 ‘전심(傳心)’, 즉 마음을 전하는 일로 보았다는 점을 밝히고, 나아가 현대 교육이 그 전통과 어떤 양상으로 단절되어 있는가를 설명하고자 했다. 주자학과 불교가 보여주는 전심의 교육은 내용적으로 마음(心)의 이해 및 실현방법으로서의 심법(心法)의 습득과 전수의 의미를 담고 있다. 이 전심의 메시지를 통해, 교육은 무엇보다 마음에 주목하는 일이라는 점, 그리고 그 마음은 의식 차원만이 아니라 초의식 차원을 포괄하고 있고 있다는 점, 그리고 이러한 마음의 이해 및 실현방법으로서의 심법을 계발하고 전수하는 일이 교육적으로 중요하다는 점을 확인할 수 있다. 주자학과 불교의 전심의 교육전통은 한국의 현대 교육이 육성하고자 하는 학습자의 내면세계의 범위 및 성격, 가르침과 배움의 본질 및 내용에 대해 근본적이고 전환적으로 성찰할 수 있는 계기를 준다.
This paper demonstrates that Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism, the main traditional philosophies of pre-modern Korea, regard the key point of education as transmission of heart-mind(xin, 心), and further manifests how modern education is disconnected from those educational tradition. The transmission of heart-mind in Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism implies the learning and teaching of xinfa(心法) as the method of understanding and realizing the heart-mind. Neo-Confucian and Buddhist message in the transmission of heart-mind informs us that education is the task to focus on the heart-mind, first of all; next, the heart-mind comprehends not only subconsciousness and consciousness levels but also superconsciousness level; finally, it is important educationally to develop and transmit the method of understanding and realizing heart-mind. The educational tradition of transmission of heart-mind enable one to retrospect the scope of learners' inner world as educational subject, and the nature or contents of the instruction and learning, in modern education cultures.
This paper demonstrates that Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism, the main traditional philosophies of pre-modern Korea, regard the key point of education as transmission of heart-mind(xin, 心), and further manifests how modern education is disconnected from those educational tradition. The transmission of heart-mind in Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism implies the learning and teaching of xinfa(心法) as the method of understanding and realizing the heart-mind. Neo-Confucian and Buddhist message in the transmission of heart-mind informs us that education is the task to focus on the heart-mind, first of all; next, the heart-mind comprehends not only subconsciousness and consciousness levels but also superconsciousness level; finally, it is important educationally to develop and transmit the method of understanding and realizing heart-mind. The educational tradition of transmission of heart-mind enable one to retrospect the scope of learners' inner world as educational subject, and the nature or contents of the instruction and learning, in modern education cultures.