BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE

@article{ART002230375},
author={ Donald L. Baker },
title={BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE},
journal={Acta Koreana},
issn={1520-7412},
year={2017},
volume={20},
number={1},
pages={73-90},
doi={10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004},
url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004}

TY - JOUR
AU - Donald L. Baker
TI - BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE
T2 - Acta Koreana
PY - 2017
VL - 20
IS - 1
PB - 계명대학교 한국학연구원
SP - 73-90
SN - 1520-7412
AB - Tasan Chŏng Yagyong (1762–1836) used terminology borrowed from the mainstream Neo-Confucian tradition to construct a philosophy of human nature that was very different from what is seen in the writings of Neo-Confucians who preceded him. He agreed with them in ranking human beings as morally superior to animals. However, his reason for doing so was not the same as theirs. He argued that human beings, unlike animals, are endowed with a heart-and-mind capable of penetrating insight, which allows them to choose how to act. Moreover, their decisions on how to act are influenced by two conflicting propensities, one for acting morally and one for acting selfishly. That meant human beings were not virtuous by nature. It was as natural for them to act selfishly as it was for them to act appropriately. In another break with Neo-Confucian tradition, he argued that above human beings there existed another category of sentient beings. Unlike human beings, they were spiritual beings, in that they were not composed of ki, the matter-energy both human beings and animals were made of. They were spirits, conscious immaterial beings. When we examine how Tasan defined human nature and how he compared it to the natures of other material beings as well as to the natures of totally immaterial beings, it becomes clear that, for Tasan, human beings were between heaven and earth, neither lowly animals nor pure spirits. They were simply human beings, with all the advantages and disadvantages that entailed.
KW - human nature, heart-and-mind, propensities, penetrating insight, free will
DO - 10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004
ER -

Donald L. Baker (2017). BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE. Acta Koreana, 20( 1), 73- 90.

Donald L. Baker . 2017, “BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE”, Acta Koreana, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 73-90. Available from: doi:10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004

Donald L. Baker “BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE” Acta Koreana 20.1 pp. 73-90 (2017): 73.

Donald L. Baker . BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE Acta Koreana [Internet]. 2017; 20( 1), : 73-90. Available from: doi:10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004

Donald L. Baker . “BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE” Acta Koreana 20, no.1 (2017): 73-90. doi: 10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004

홈 권호 목록 논문 목록 논문 상세

BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH: TASAN CHŎNG YAGYONG’S UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN NATURE

Acta Koreana

약어 : -

2017, vol.20, no.1, pp.73 - 90

DOI : 10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.004

발행기관 : 계명대학교 한국학연구원

연구분야 : 기타인문학

Donald L. Baker¹

¹University of British Columbia

인용한 논문 수 : 1 서지 간략 보기

초록

Tasan Chŏng Yagyong (1762–1836) used terminology borrowed from the mainstream Neo-Confucian tradition to construct a philosophy of human nature that was very different from what is seen in the writings of Neo-Confucians who preceded him. He agreed with them in ranking human beings as morally superior to animals. However, his reason for doing so was not the same as theirs. He argued that human beings, unlike animals, are endowed with a heart-and-mind capable of penetrating insight, which allows them to choose how to act. Moreover, their decisions on how to act are influenced by two conflicting propensities, one for acting morally and one for acting selfishly. That meant human beings were not virtuous by nature. It was as natural for them to act selfishly as it was for them to act appropriately. In another break with Neo-Confucian tradition, he argued that above human beings there existed another category of sentient beings. Unlike human beings, they were spiritual beings, in that they were not composed of ki, the matter-energy both human beings and animals were made of. They were spirits, conscious immaterial beings. When we examine how Tasan defined human nature and how he compared it to the natures of other material beings as well as to the natures of totally immaterial beings, it becomes clear that, for Tasan, human beings were between heaven and earth, neither lowly animals nor pure spirits. They were simply human beings, with all the advantages and disadvantages that entailed.

키워드

human nature, heart-and-mind, propensities, penetrating insight, free will

참고문헌(15)

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