Indian Journal of Animal Research

  • Chief EditorK.M.L. Pathak

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Development of Indirect and Sandwich ELISA for Sero-surveillance and Detection of Swinepox Virus

Biswajyoti Borah, Krishna Sharma, Probodh Borah, Dipak Deka, Pankaj Deka, Abu K. Hazarika, Rajeev K. Sharma, Sangeeta Baro, G. Hazarika, Ajit P. Singh

ABSTRACT

Background: Swinepox is an economically important, classical pox disease of piglets. The present study was undertaken with a view to develop rapid serological tests to diagnose the disease.
Methods: During the study period, 25 suspected swinepox outbreaks in Assam were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction with sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, further the outbreaks were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for identification of swinepox positive samples. The positive samples were used to isolate the virus in PK-15 cell line and develop indirect and sandwich ELISA. 
Result: The cell culture-based indirect ELISA was developed that demonstrated an accuracy of 88.8% compare to VNT and 100% sensitivity with 66.67% specificity, could identify 61.71% seroprevalence of swinepox in random pig serum samples. A sandwich ELISA was also developed with polyclonal sera raised in rabbits as coating antibody and swinepox positive pig serum as tracing antibody. The sandwich ELISA detected 77.78% positive cases compared to PCR. Swinepox is an emerging disease in North-eastern region with high sero-positivity observed during random sampling. This is the first report of using immune sorbent assays to detect swinepox.

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