Abstract
Opioid peptides and their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important regulators within the cardiovascular system, implicated in modulation of electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, and cellular stress resistance. The opioid system is also involved in cardiovascular development, adaptation to injury and effects of advanced age. The significant roles of opioids are emphasized by the observation that the heart produces prodynorphin and proenkephalin, which are enzymatically processed from small to large active polypeptides. Indeed, depending on species, cardiac preproenkephalin mRNA levels are comparable to or higher than those found in the central nervous system. This review highlights and discusses current knowledge and recent findings regarding physiological and pathophysiological modulation of the heart and vessels by the opioid receptor system.
Keywords: Opioid peptide, opioid receptor, cardiovascular system, cytoprotection, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, cellular stress resistance.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Cardiovascular Effects of Opioids and their Receptor Systems
Volume: 18 Issue: 37
Author(s): John P. Headrick, Salvatore Pepe and Jason N. Peart
Affiliation:
Keywords: Opioid peptide, opioid receptor, cardiovascular system, cytoprotection, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, cellular stress resistance.
Abstract: Opioid peptides and their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important regulators within the cardiovascular system, implicated in modulation of electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, and cellular stress resistance. The opioid system is also involved in cardiovascular development, adaptation to injury and effects of advanced age. The significant roles of opioids are emphasized by the observation that the heart produces prodynorphin and proenkephalin, which are enzymatically processed from small to large active polypeptides. Indeed, depending on species, cardiac preproenkephalin mRNA levels are comparable to or higher than those found in the central nervous system. This review highlights and discusses current knowledge and recent findings regarding physiological and pathophysiological modulation of the heart and vessels by the opioid receptor system.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
P. Headrick John, Pepe Salvatore and N. Peart Jason, Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Cardiovascular Effects of Opioids and their Receptor Systems, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (37) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582360
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582360 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Beta3-Adrenoreceptors in Cardiovasular Diseases: New Roles for an “Old” Receptor
Current Drug Delivery Prospects of Non-Coding Elements in Genomic DNA Based Gene Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Clinical Applications for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla
Current Cardiology Reviews Insulin Therapy in Cardiac Surgery
Current Diabetes Reviews Mitochondrial Alterations and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Vascular Biology in Diabetes Mellitus: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
Current Diabetes Reviews Myocardial Infarction. Pathological Relevance and Relationship with Coronary Risk Factors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Biological Therapies: Effects of Proinflammatory Pathways and their Inhibition on the Myocardium of Rheumatoid Athritis Patients
Current Medicinal Chemistry Building A New Treatment For Heart Failure-Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cells into the Heart
Current Gene Therapy Rational Targeting of Peroxisome Proliferating Activated Receptor Subtypes
Current Medicinal Chemistry Diet-Derived Phytochemicals: From Cancer Chemoprevention to Cardio-Oncological Prevention
Current Drug Targets Editorial (Thematic Issue: Mechanistic Biomarkers: The Field for the Development of Non-Pharmaceutical and Pharmaceutical Approaches to Diagnostics, Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Ventricular Arrhythmias in Seniors with Heart Failure: Present Dilemmas and Therapeutic Considerations: A Systematic Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Vascular Pathology from Smoking: Look at the Microcirculation!
Current Vascular Pharmacology Crosstalk between Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress and Arterial Stiffness
Current Vascular Pharmacology Mechanisms of Drug Induced QT Interval Prolongation
Current Drug Safety Effects of the Antidiabetic Drugs on the Age-Related Atrophy and Sarcopenia Associated with Diabetes Type II.
Current Diabetes Reviews Reversal of Cardiac Iron Loading and Dysfunction in Thalassemic Mice by Curcuminoids
Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacological and Non Pharmacological Strategies in the Management of Coronary Artery Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Role of Antioxidants for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Challenges and Opportunities
Current Pharmaceutical Design