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Current HIV Research

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-162X
ISSN (Online): 1873-4251

The Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 Inhibits HIV-1 Replication

Author(s): Peter Bergman, Lilian Walter-Jallow, Kristina Broliden, Birgitta Agerberth and Johan Soderlund

Volume 5, Issue 4, 2007

Page: [410 - 415] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/157016207781023947

Price: $65

Abstract

The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is the only cathelicidin that has been described in humans. LL-37 exerts chemotactic, immunomodulatory and angiogenic effects; activities that are mediated through binding to the formyl peptide receptor like (FPRL)-1 receptor. Agonistic ligation of FPRL-1 can also induce down-regulation of HIV-1 chemokine receptors and reduce susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in vitro. Therefore, we have evaluated the capacity of LL-37 to inhibit HIV-1 infection in vitro. Here we demonstrate that LL-37 inhibits HIV-1 replication in PBMC, including primary CD4+ T cells. This inhibition was readily reproduced using various HIV-1 isolates without detectable changes in the target cell expression of HIV-1 chemokine receptors. Accordingly, the HIV-1 inhibitory effect was shown to be independent of FPRL-1 signalling. Given the epithelial expression of LL-37, it may contribute to the local protection against HIV-1 infection.

Keywords: Antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin, innate immunity, HIV-1, LL-37, FPRL-1


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