Abstract
Chemokines are small cytokines that are part of a large family of molecules that bind to G-protein coupled receptors, which, as a family, are the most widely targeted group of molecules in the treatment of disease. Chemokines are critical for recruiting and activating the cells of the immune system during inflammation especially during viral infections. However, a number of viruses including the large herpes virus human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encode mechanisms to impede the effects of chemokines or has gained the ability to use these molecules to its own advantage. The Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded chemokine receptor US28 is the best characterized of the four unique chemokine receptor-like molecules found in the HCMV genome. US28 has been studied as an important virulence factor for HCMVmediated vascular disease and, more recently, in models of HCMV-associated malignancy. US28 is a rare multichemokine family binding receptor with the ability to bind ligands from two distinct chemokine classes. Ligand binding to US28 activates cell-type and ligand-specific signaling pathways leading to cellular migration, which is an important example of receptor functional selectivity. Additionally, US28 has been demonstrated to constitutively activate phospholipase C (PLC) and NF-κB signaling pathways. Understanding the structure/function relationships between US28, its ligands and intracellular signaling molecules will provide essential clues for effective pharmacological targeting of this multifunctional chemokine receptor.
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Human Cytomegalovirus US28: A Functionally Selective Chemokine Binding Receptor
Volume: 9 Issue: 5
Author(s): Jennifer Vomaske, Jay A. Nelson and Daniel N. Streblow
Affiliation:
Abstract: Chemokines are small cytokines that are part of a large family of molecules that bind to G-protein coupled receptors, which, as a family, are the most widely targeted group of molecules in the treatment of disease. Chemokines are critical for recruiting and activating the cells of the immune system during inflammation especially during viral infections. However, a number of viruses including the large herpes virus human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encode mechanisms to impede the effects of chemokines or has gained the ability to use these molecules to its own advantage. The Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded chemokine receptor US28 is the best characterized of the four unique chemokine receptor-like molecules found in the HCMV genome. US28 has been studied as an important virulence factor for HCMVmediated vascular disease and, more recently, in models of HCMV-associated malignancy. US28 is a rare multichemokine family binding receptor with the ability to bind ligands from two distinct chemokine classes. Ligand binding to US28 activates cell-type and ligand-specific signaling pathways leading to cellular migration, which is an important example of receptor functional selectivity. Additionally, US28 has been demonstrated to constitutively activate phospholipase C (PLC) and NF-κB signaling pathways. Understanding the structure/function relationships between US28, its ligands and intracellular signaling molecules will provide essential clues for effective pharmacological targeting of this multifunctional chemokine receptor.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Vomaske Jennifer, Nelson A. Jay and Streblow N. Daniel, Human Cytomegalovirus US28: A Functionally Selective Chemokine Binding Receptor, Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets 2009; 9 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152609789105696
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152609789105696 |
Print ISSN 1871-5265 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3989 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Role of Natriuretic Peptides in Inflammation and Immunity
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Evaluation of Pharmacokinetic Interaction of Cilostazol with Metoclopramide after Oral Administration in Human
Current Drug Metabolism Medical Treatment of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Current Drug Safety Statins for Early Stage Chronic Kidney Disease: An Overview of Reviews
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Neuroinflammatory Markers in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Brain: An Immunohistochemical Study
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Bidirectional Nature of Cardiovascular and Kidney Disease
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Patient, System and Clinician Level Interventions to Address Disparities in Diabetes Care
Current Diabetes Reviews Current Proposed Mechanisms of Action of Intravenous Immunoglobulins in Inflammatory Neuropathies
Current Neuropharmacology An Update on Developments in Female Hormonal Contraception
Current Women`s Health Reviews Role of Micronutrients on Subclinical Atherosclerosis Micronutrients in Subclinical Atherosclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Statins Exert Multiple Beneficial Effects on Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Revascularization Procedures
Current Drug Targets Tachykinins and the Cardiovascular System
Current Drug Targets Role of Iron Deficiency and Overload in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Diabetic Complications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Mandatory Reporting of Coronary Artery Calcifications Incidentally Noted on Chest Multi-Detector Computed Tomography: A Multicentre Experience
Current Vascular Pharmacology Editorial (Hot Topic: Platelets in Vascular Homeostasis and Inflammation: Current Perspectives from Bench to Bedside)
Current Vascular Pharmacology Adoptive Regulatory T-cell Therapy Attenuates Subarachnoid Hemor-rhage-induced Cerebral Inflammation by Suppressing TLR4/NF-B Signaling Pathway
Current Neurovascular Research Clinical Pharmacotherapy and Drug Development for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Drugs from saffron crocus
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Consequences and Novel Therapy of Hyperphosphatemia: Lanthanum Carbonate for Dialysis Patients
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Pharmacology and Clinical Effect of Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye: Potential Molecular Targets
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology