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داوران سال 1399

داوران سال 1400

داوران سال 1401

تحلیل نیمرخ عملکردی حافظه و توجه در کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه/بیش‌فعالی، کودکان با اختلال یادگیری و کودکان با شرایط همبود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی/ گروه روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی / دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی/ تهران/ایران

2 انشگاه علامه طباطبائی، گروه روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی

3 دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشیار رشته روان سنجی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی نیمرخ عملکردی کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه/بیش‌فعالی، کودکان با اختلا‌‌ل یادگیری و کودکان با شرایط همبود اختلال نارسایی توجه/بیش‌فعالی و اختلال یادگیری در انواع حافظه و توجه انجام گرفت. روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی و از نوع پس-رویدادی بود. با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس 30 دانش‌آموز عادی، 30 دانش‌آموز دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه/بیش‌فعالی، 30 دانش‌آموز دارای اختلال یادگیری و 30 دانش‌آموز با شرایط همبود پس از شناسایی، ارزیابی و تشخیص؛ در انواع مولفه های حافظه و توجه مورد بررسی و ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. از روش تحلیل واریانس چند متغیره و آزمون‌ تعقیبی شفه به همراه رسم نیمرخ عملکرد گروه ها به منظور تحلیل داده های گردآوری شده استفاده شد. نتایج حاکی از تفاوت معنادار بین عملکرد کودکان عادی با هر سه گروه کودکان دارای اختلال در همه زیر نوع‌های حافظه و توجه بود (01/0 > p). همچنین ضعیفترین عملکرد در کارکرد حافظه متعلق به گروه همبود و ضعیفترین عملکرد در زیر مقیاس‌های توجه نیز در گروه کودکان با اختلال نارسایی توجه/بیش فعالی مشاهده شد. همچنین مقایسه دو به دویی در همه مولفه ها حاکی از وجود تفاوت بین چهار گروه بود. با توجه به این یافته‌ها به نظر می‌رسد که همراه بودن دو اختلال نارسایی توجه/بیش‌فعالی و اختلال یادگیری می‌تواند ضعف بیشتر در عملکردهای مبتنی بر حافظه را برای فرد به همراه داشته باشد هرچند این همبودی درزمینهٔ توجه نقش تعدیل‌کننده‌ داشته و می‌تواند منجر به بهبود عملکرد فرد با اختلال همبود در مقایسه با زمانی شود که فرد تنها اختلال نارسایی توجه/بیش‌فعالی را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Profile analysis of memory and attention function in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Specific Learning Disorder and Comorbid Condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Sharifi 1
  • Hamid Alizadeh 2
  • Bagher Ghobari bonab 3
  • Noor Ali Farrokhi 4

1 PhD candidate of psychology and education of exceptional children/ faculty of psychology and education/Allameh Tabataba'i university/ Tehran/iran

2 Allameh Tabataba'i university, school of psychology and education of exceptional children

3 university of Tehran

4 Allameh Tabataba'i University

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the profile analysis of memory and attention functioning in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Specific Learning Disorder and Comorbid Condition. The descriptive and causal-comparative method was used for this research. Thirty students with ADHD, 30 students with an SLD, 30 children with the comorbid condition (ADHD + SLD) were selected by the convenience sampling method after diagnosis and evaluation with regard to the working memory and attention functioning in them. The MANOVA and post hoc Cheffe test were used to analyze the collected data. Furthermore, the profile functioning of the four groups in the working memory and attention was presented in a graph. The results of the study showed significant differences between normal children and children with ADHD, children with SLD, and children with the comorbid condition in terms of working memory and attention (p<01). Also, the ADHD group showed the weakest functioning regarding attention, and the weakest function regarding working memory was reported for the SLD group. Additionally, Paired comparison was done for each of the four groups. According to these findings, it can be concluded that comorbidity of these two disorders has a negative effect on working memory. Though, the comorbid condition can play a moderating role in the functioning of attention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
  • learning disability
  • comorbid condition
  • memory
  • attention
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روانشناسی افراد استثنایی
دوره 10، شماره 38
تیر 1399
صفحه 55-96
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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