بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط روستایی: با رویکرد فراترکیب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه کارآفرینی فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه کارآفرینی فناورانه، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

اهمیت کسب‌وکارهای روستایی، به خاطر تأثیری که در رشد و ایجاد تنوع در فعالیت‌های اقتصادی می‌گذارد، روزبه‌روز افزایش پیدا می‌کند. در این میان رویکردهای جدیدی برای توسعه اقتصاد روستایی و جوامع روستایی شناسایی‌شده است. یکی از این ‌رویکردها، شناسایی فرصت‌های ملی و بین‌المللی است که منجر به رشد و توسعه کسب‌وکارهای روستایی شده است. ازاین‌رو توجه به عوامل مؤثر بر بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب‌وکارهای روستایی، ضروری و همسو با معانی و افزایش توسعه اقتصادی، صنعتی و ایجاد اشتغال گوناگون در جوامع است. روش پژوهش حاضر برحسب هدف، بنیادی و برحسب روش گردآوری اطلاعات، فراترکیب است. همچنین جامعه آماری، مطالعات مرتبط با موضوع پژوهش در پایگاه‌های داخلی، اسکو پوس و وب آو ساینس بوده و ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات، مطالعات داده‌های ثانوی کتابخانه‌ای است. در فرآیند این تحقیق ابتدا با استفاده از روش فراترکیب، ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های محتمل مؤثر بر بین‌المللی‌سازی کسب‌وکارهای روستایی یادشده شناسایی شد. سپس با بهره‌گیری ازنظر خبرگان، نتایج حاصل مورد تحلیل و راستی آزمایی قرار گرفت. بر این اساس 110 مقاله مورد تحلیل و بررسی و کدهای آن‌ها استخراج شد. سپس کدهایی که مفهوم مشترک را می‌رساندند در قالب 24 مفهوم دسته‌بندی‌شده و سپس در 7 زمینه اصلی طبقه‌بندی شدند. از 24 مفهوم، 17 مفهوم در 5 زمینه اصلی عوامل داخلی سازمان؛ سرمایه اجتماعی، ویژگی‌های مدیر، کیفیت منابع انسانی، سرمایه مالی، توانمندی استراتژیک سازمانی و 7 مفهوم در 2 زمینه اصلی عوامل محیطی سازمان، فاکتورهای مرتبط با کشور مبدأ، فاکتورهای مرتبط با کشور میزبان طبقه‌بندی‌شده‌اند.

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