Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022 Volume 19, Issue 2, Pages: 115-128
https://doi.org/10.2298/SJEE2202115P
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Denoising electrocardiogram signals using multiband filter and its implementation on FPGA
Patel Vandana (Gujarat Technological University, Instrumentation and Control Engineering Department, L.D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabadn, Gujarat, India), vandanapatel.ic@ldce.ac.in
Shah Ankit (Gujarat Technological University, Instrumentation and Control Engineering Department, L.D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabadn, Gujarat, India), ankitshah.ic@ldce.ac.in
The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal carries vital information related to
cardiac activities. While measuring ECG using electrodes, the signal is
contaminated with powerline interference (PLI) from harmonics, baseline
wandering (BW), motion artefacts (MA) and high frequency (HF) noise. The
extraction of the ECG signal, without the loss of useful information from
the noisy environment, is required. Therefore, the selection and
implementation of an efficient filter design is proposed. The Finite Impulse
Response (FIR)-based multiband needs separate digital filters, such as
Lowpass, Highpass, and Bandstop Filter in cascade. The coefficients of the
FIR multiband filter are optimised using a least squares optimisation method
and realised in a direct form symmetrical structure. The capability of the
proposed filter is evaluated on a Physionet ECG ID database, having records
of inherent noisy ECG signals. The performance is also verified by measuring
the power spectrum of the noisy and filtered ECG waveform. Also, the
feasibility of the proposed multiband filter is investigated on Xilinx ISE
and the design is implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA)
platform. A low order simple multiband filter structure is designed and
implemented on the reconfigurable FPGA device.
Keywords: Baseline wandering (BW), Electrocardiogram (ECG), Field programmablegate array (FPGA), Multiband filter, Motion artefact (MA), Power lineinterference (PLI)
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