본 연구는 코로나 바이러스(Coronavirus19) 감염에 대한 일반대중의 두려움과 심리, 사회적 경험이 우울, 불안에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 연구참여자는 600명이었으며, ‘사회적 거리두기’가 진행되던, 2020년 3월 22일부터 5월 5일 사이인 4월 중순에 진행되었다. 3월 11일 세계보건기구(WHO)에서 펜데믹을 선언했으며, 3월 15일은 대구․경북지역이 특별재난지역으로 선포된 시점이다. 빈도분석에서 코로나로 인한 불안과 우울 경험은 각각 48.8%, 29.7%로 나타났다. 로지스틱 회귀분석에서, 우울집단에 속할 확률에 영향을 미치는 변인은 성별, 경제수준, 코로나 이후 삶을 예측할 수 없어 두려움, 나의 현 상태에 대해 심리평가를 받을 필요가 있음, 수입 감소, 평소 고민이나 심리적 어려움 증가, 병원에 대한 신뢰, 가족과의 갈등 증가인 것으로 나타났다. 낮은 불안집단에 속할 확률에 영향을 미치는 변인은 성별, 코로나 감염을 완전히 통제할 수 없어 두려움, 감염에 대한 두려움으로 관련 정보를 수시로 확인, 삶의 질, 심리평가를 받을 필요가 있음, 병원치료의 어려움, 수입 감소, 가족과의 갈등 확산이었으며, 높은 불안집단에 속할 확률에 영향을 미치는 변인은 성별, 평소 고민이나 심리적 어려움 증가, 정보 수집을 위한 어플의 수시 이용으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 논의 및 시사점이 제시되었다.
This study investigated the influence of public fear and psycho-social experiences related to COVID-19 on depression and anxiety. An online survey was administered to 600 participants in April, 2020 during the spread of COVID-19, while social-distancing was recommended, the World Health Organization had labeled COVID-19 a pandemic, and Daegu-Gyungbuk were declared a special disaster area. Results indicated that 29.7% and 48.8% of respondents reported experiencing depression and anxiety, respectively. Logistic regression analysis identified gender, economic level, difficulty predicting life after COVID-19, necessity of psychological assessment, income reduction, psychological difficulty, limited trust in hospitals, and family-conflict as factors significantly associated with depression. Gender, difficulty with infection control, frequent information-checking due to fear, quality-of-life, necessity of psychological assessment, difficulties with hospital treatment, income reduction, and family-conflict were significantly associated with low-anxiety. Gender, psychological difficulty, and frequent usage of social media application were significantly associated with high-anxiety. Implications and recommendations are presented.
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