Composites are composed of a matrix and a dispersion. Studies are underway to develop "nanocomposites" which have much smaller dispersion size in the order of nanometers. Here, the dispersion is a solid material. In recent years much research has focused on the development of new composites, termed "fine-composites", prepared by the in-situ CVD technique. In these composites, dispersion is no longer a solid materials but rather an element. "Fine-composites" are composed of materials (matrix) and elements (dispersion). Elements are various types of crystal structures, as well as certain preferred orientations, dispersion states, etc. The Y-Ba-Cu-O superconducting oxide films prepared by CVD are fine-composites composed of matrix of the (001) oriented YBCO and dispersions of the (100) oriented grains and very small Cu-rich flakes. Functionally gradient materials are also introduced as an example of fine-composite.