본 연구는 노인의 여가활동유형과 인지기능 및 일상생활수행능력의 관계를 규명함으로써 심신의 건강을 담보할 수 있는 노인여가정책 수립에 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상은 2006년 현재 서울 지역 소재 노인복지회관과 노인교실 이용노인 중 만 60세 이상 노인을 모집단으로 설정한 다음 체계적유층집락무선표집법을 이용하여 총 650명을 표집하였다. 이중에서 응답내용이 신뢰롭게 판단된 614명의 자료를 최종적으로 활용하였다. 조사도구는 설문지이며, 이후원(1993), 정경희 등(1998, 2005)이 사용한 설문 문항을 토대로 문항을 작성한 후 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증한 후 사용하였다. 본 연구의 자료 분석을 위해 사용한 통계분석 기법은 공변량분석과 회귀분석 등이다. 이러한 절차를 통해 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여가활동유형 중 운동 및 스포츠활동 참여 노인이 다른 여가활동 참여 노인에 비해 인지기능이 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 둘째, 여가활동유형 중 운동 및 스포츠활동 참여 노인이 다른 여가활동 참여 노인에 비해 기본적, 도구적 일상생활수행능력이 높았다. 셋째, 여가활동유형 중 운동 및 스포츠활동과 오락활동 참여 노인이 다른 여가활동참여 노인보다 인지기능이 높았고, 인지기능이 높을수록 기본적, 도구적 일상생활수행능력이 높았다.
This study aimed to prepare fundamental data to establish the leisure policy of the elderly by identifying the relationship among the types of leisure activity, cognitive function, and activities of daily living of the elderly. The subjects were the elderly in Seoul who were aged over 60 and attended the elder's college or senior welfare centers as of 2006. Total 650 samples were chosen by the systematic clustered random sampling method. Data were obtained from the questionnaire after considering the substantiality and sincerity of answers. For constructing the contents of a questionnaire, we referred to related previous works of Lee, Hu-won(1993) and Jung, Kyung-hee(1998, 2005) and somewhat revised the items after testing the validity and reliability. The ANCOVA and regression analysis were used. The findings were as follows. First, the elderly who participated at physical exercises and sports activities showed more favorable cognitive function than the elderly who participate at other types of leisure activities. However, the result was not statistically significant. Second, the elderly who participated at physical exercises and sports activities had more favorable the physical and instrumental activities of daily living(ADL) than the elderly who participate at other types of leisure activities. Third, the elderly who participated at physical exercises and sports activities or recreation activities showed higher level of cognitive functions. And the more favorable the cognitive function of the elderly, the superior the physical and instrumental activities of daily living(ADL).
This study aimed to prepare fundamental data to establish the leisure policy of the elderly by identifying the relationship among the types of leisure activity, cognitive function, and activities of daily living of the elderly. The subjects were the elderly in Seoul who were aged over 60 and attended the elder's college or senior welfare centers as of 2006. Total 650 samples were chosen by the systematic clustered random sampling method. Data were obtained from the questionnaire after considering the substantiality and sincerity of answers. For constructing the contents of a questionnaire, we referred to related previous works of Lee, Hu-won(1993) and Jung, Kyung-hee(1998, 2005) and somewhat revised the items after testing the validity and reliability. The ANCOVA and regression analysis were used. The findings were as follows. First, the elderly who participated at physical exercises and sports activities showed more favorable cognitive function than the elderly who participate at other types of leisure activities. However, the result was not statistically significant. Second, the elderly who participated at physical exercises and sports activities had more favorable the physical and instrumental activities of daily living(ADL) than the elderly who participate at other types of leisure activities. Third, the elderly who participated at physical exercises and sports activities or recreation activities showed higher level of cognitive functions. And the more favorable the cognitive function of the elderly, the superior the physical and instrumental activities of daily living(ADL).
