Antioxidant and Blood Sugar-Stabilizing Activities of Extracts from Three Coloured Rice Varieties in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice
doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i7.10
Keywords:
Oryza sativa L. Indica, Oryza sativa L. Orysa, Oryza sativa l. Glutinosa Tanaka, Diabetes, Blood sugar level, AntioxidantAbstract
Purple brown rice (Oryza sativa L. indica), red rice (Oryza sativa L. Orysa), and black glutinous rice (Oryza sativa l. Glutinosa Tanaka) are three popular types of staple food, which are beneficial to human health. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of three ethanol extracts from Vietnamese rice in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Ethanol extracts were prepared from three varieties of rice, which included black glutinous rice (EOGT96), red rice (EOLO96), and purple-brown rice (EOLI96). Swiss albino male mice were divided into six groups: I (negative control), II (positive control), III (drug control group), IV (EOLT96), V (EOLI96), and VI (EOLO96). The antioxidant activity of the various extracts was evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and nitric oxide methods. The total phenolic content and the α-amylase inhibitory activity were also determined. The DPPH results revealed that the EOLI96 produced the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 19.38 ± 0.64 μg/mL), and the EOGT96 was only 3.7 times less potent at scavenging free radicals than the quercetin standard. In comparison to the other two extracts from rice varieties, the extract from EOGT96 also had the highest total polyphenol content. Blood sugar levels were much lower in the group of mice given the EOGT96 than in the control group, and they were similarly comparable to those of the animals administered glibenclamide. The findings of this study revealed that ethanol extract from black glutinous rice can reduce diabetes by lowering high blood sugar levels when used at the appropriate dosage.
References
Kang Y, Fang Y, Lai X. Automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy with the statistical method and Bayesian classifier. J Med Imaging Health Infor. 2020; 10(5):1225- 1233.
World Health Organization (WHO). Diabetes. 2021; Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/detail/diabetes. Accessed 2021 Nov 10.
Shanak S, Saad B, Zaid H. Metabolic and epigenetic action mechanisms of antidiabetic medicinal plants. Evid-Based Compl Altern Med. 2019; 2019(special issue):3583067(1- 18).
Reichard P and Pihl M. Mortality and treatment side-effects during long-term intensified conventional insulin treatment in the Stockholm Diabetes Intervention Study. J Diabetes. 1994; 43(2):313-317.
Baliyan S, Mukherjee R, Priyadarshini A, Vibhuti A, Gupta A, Pandey RP, Chang CM. Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Ficus religiosa. Mol. 2022; 27(4):1326.
Dal S and Sigrist S. The protective effect of antioxidants consumption on diabetes and vascular complications. Dis. 2016; 4(3):24.
Rajendiran D, Packirisamy S, Gunasekaran K. A review on the role of antioxidants in diabetes. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2018; 11(2):48-53.
Mason SA, Wadley GD, Keske MA, Parker L. Effect of mitochondrial‐targeted antioxidants on glycaemic control, cardiovascular health, and oxidative stress in humans: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022; 24(6):1047-
Park S, Chang H-C, Lee J-J. Rice Bran Fermented with Kimchi-Derived Lactic Acid Bacteria Prevents Metabolic Complications in Mice on a High-Fat and-Cholesterol Diet. Foods. 2021; 10(7):1501.
Kushwaha U. Health Benefits of Black Rice. Black Rice: Springer; 2016; 151-83.
Veni BK. Nutrition profiles of different coloured rice: A review. Lipids. 2019; 3(0-9):303-305.
Ngamdee P, Wichai U, Jiamyangyuen S. Correlation between phytochemical and mineral contents and antioxidant activity of black glutinous rice bran, and its potential chemopreventive property. Food Technol Biotechnol. 2016; 54(3):282.
Law BM, Waye MM, So WK, Chair SY. Hypotheses on the potential of rice bran intake to prevent gastrointestinal cancer through the modulation of oxidative stress. Int J Mol Sci. 2017; 18(7):1352.
Rahim AFA, Norhayati MN, Zainudin AM. The effect of brown-rice diets on glycemic control and metabolic parameters in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials. Peer J. 2021; 9:e11291.
Panlasigui LN and Thompson LU. Blood glucose lowering effects of brown rice in normal and diabetic subjects. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2006; 57(3-4):151-158.
Adebamowo SN, Eseyin O, Yilme S, Adeyemi D, Willett WC, Hu FB, Spiegelman D, Adebamowo CA and The Global Nutrition Epidemiologic Transition Initiative. A mixed-methods study on acceptability, tolerability, and substitution of brown rice for white rice to lower blood glucose levels among Nigerian adults. Front Nutr. 2017; 4(9):33.
Terashima Y, Nagai Y, Kato H, Ohta A, Tanaka Y. Eating glutinous brown rice for one day improves glycemic control in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes assessed by continuous glucose monitoring. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2017; 26(3):421-426.
Lin Y-T, Pao C-C, Wu S-T, Chang C-Y. Effect of different germination conditions on antioxidative properties and bioactive compounds of germinated brown rice. Biomed Res Int. 2013; 2015(1):608716.
Goufo P and Trindade H. Rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ‐oryzanol, and phytic acid. Food Sci Nutr. 2014; 2(2):75-104.
Kitts DD, Singh A, Fathordoobady F, Doi B, Pratap Singh A. Plant extracts inhibit the formation of hydroperoxides and help maintain vitamin E levels and omega‐3 fatty acids during high-temperature processing and storage of hempseed and soybean oils. J Food Sci. 2019; 84(11):3147-
Zhang W, Zhao J, Wang J, Pang X, Zhuang X, Zhu X, Qu W. Hypoglycemic effect of aqueous extract of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seed residues in streptozotocin‐ induced diabetic rats. Phytother Res: 2010; 24(2):228-232.
Raina P, Deepak M, Chandrasekaran C, Agarwal A, Wagh N, Kaul-Ghanekar R. Comparative analysis of the antiinflammatory activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Ocimum basilicum (basil) in RAW264. 7, SW1353 and human primary chondrocytes in respect of the management of osteoarthritis. J Herb Med. 2016; 6(1):28-36.
Patel M, Patel J. In vitro antioxidant activity of coumarin compounds by DPPH, Superoxide, and nitric oxide free radical scavenging methods. J Adv Pharm Edu Res. 2011; 1:52-68.
Waterhouse AL. Wine phenolics. Ann N. Y. Acad Sci. 2002; 957(1):21-36.
Kazeem M, Adamson J, Ogunwande I. Modes of inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase by aqueous extract of Morinda lucida Benth leaf. Biomed Res Int. 2013; 527570:1-6.
Furman BL. Streptozotocin‐induced diabetic models in mice and rats. Curr Protoc Pharmacol. 2021; 1(4):e78.
Hayashi K, Kojima R, Ito M. Strain differences in the diabetogenic activity of streptozotocin in mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006; 29(6):1110-1119.
Omar GMN, Mehdi AMH, Al-arabi FY, Fawade MM. Management of diabetes and its complications through the role of antioxidants: Review. Int. Multidiscip. Res J. 2018; 3(9):519.
Malonn MC, Franco FW. Antioxidants and free radicals: an approach linking diseases with natural product therapy. Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento. 2022; 02:120-131.
Das AB, Goud V, Das C. Extraction and characterization of phenolic content from purple and black rice (Oryza sativa L) bran and its antioxidant activity. J Food Meas Charact. 2018; 12(1):332-345.
Das AB, Goud VV, Das C. Extraction of phenolic compounds and anthocyanin from black and purple rice bran (Oryza sativa L.) using ultrasound: A comparative analysis and phytochemical profiling. Ind Crops Prod. 2017; 95:332-341.
Ghasemzadeh A, Karbalaii MT, Jaafar HZ, Rahmat A. Phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and antiproliferative properties of black, red, and brown rice bran. Chem Cent J. 2018; 12(1):1-13.
Nam SH, Choi SP, Kang MY, Koh HJ, Kozukue N, Friedman M. Antioxidative activities of bran extracts from twenty-one pigmented rice cultivars. Food Chem. 2006; 94(4):613-620.
Stages D. Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic plant extracts. Antioxidants. 2019; 9(1):19.
Lin D, Xiao M, Zhao J, Li Z, Xing B, Li X, King M, Li L, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Chen h, Qin W, Wu H, Chen S. An overview of plant phenolic compounds and their importance in human nutrition and management of type 2 diabetes. Mol. 2016; 21(10):1374.
Butsat S and Siriamornpun S. Antioxidant capacities and phenolic compounds of the husk, bran, and endosperm of Thai rice. Food Chem. 2010; 119(2):606-613.
Burgos-Morón E, Abad-Jiménez Z, Martinez de Maranon A, Iannantuoni F, Escribano-López I, López-Domènech S, et al. Relationship between oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: the battle continues. J Clin Med. 2019; 8(9):1385.
Sabu M and Kuttan R. Anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants and its relationship with their antioxidant property. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002; 81(2):155-160.
Pham-Huy LA, He H, Pham-Huy C. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health. Int J Biomed Sci. 2008; 4(2):89.
Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins Iii JB. Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: a review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2003; 17(1):24-38.
Dang KT, Le Thi TH, Tran TN, Bui TT. Inhibitory Effect of the Leaf of Psidium guajava Grown in Vietnam on α- Glucosidase and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B in vitro. J Sci Med Pharm Sci. 2019; 35(1):31-36.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
